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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 15 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Prior treatment of human allograft recipients with aggregate-free normal horse immunoglobulin circumvents the problem of antibody formation in subsequent anti-lymphocytic globulin ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 332 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 3 (1979), S. 329-339 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Dans les mélanomes malins, les principales possibilités thérapeutiques, chirurgie, radiothérapie, chimiothérapie, immunothérapie, ont des indications bien précises. Aucune n'est, à elle seule, capable de guérir ou d'apporter une palliation valable dans tous les sous-groupes de mélanomes. Il faut donc utiliser fréquemment des thérapeutiques combinées. La chirurgie est particuliérement utile pour la tumeur primitive, pour les récidives locales et pour les métastases régionales. Les résultats de la chimiothérapie ne sont guère encourageants. L'agent le plus actif, le DTIC, ne donne que quelques 20% de réponses lorsqu'il est utilisé isolément, et guère mieux lorsqu'il est associé à d'autres drogues. Mais la chimiothérapie par perfusion régionale, lorsqu'elle est combinée à l'excision de la tumeur primitive dans le traitement des mélanomes ou des récidives de mélanomes des membres, donne près de 85% de guérisons pour les malades au stade I et 50% pour les stades II. L'immunothérapie parait efficace pour la tumeur primitive et l'injection intralésionnelle de BCG dans les métastases cutanées ou sous-cutanées donne 50% de réponses favorables. Pour être efficaces, les thérapeutiques combinées devraient tenir compte de l'histoire naturelle et de l'évolution de la maladie. Le traitement classique est basé sur la chirurgie, suivie de chimio-ou d'immunothérapie. Mais on obtiendrait peut-être de meilleurs résultats en modifiant la séquence des modalités thérapeutiques. Des recherches devraient être poursuivies dans ce sens.
    Notes: Abstract The major modalities of therapy, namely, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are each of value in selected cases of malignant melanoma. However, because none of these therapies, alone, is capable of curing or controlling some subgroups of melanoma patients, combined modality therapy needs to be used more extensively. Surgery is of particular value in the treatment of primary tumors and in recurrent or regional metastatic disease. Chemotherapy for malignant melanoma has been disappointing. The most active single agent, DTIC, induces only about a 20% response rate, and little or no significant improvement is seen when DTIC is combined with other agents. However, chemotherapeutic agents when utilized by isolation perfusion in the treatment of primary or recurrent melanoma of the extremities, in conjunction with surgical excision of the primary tumor, produce cure rates of approximately 85% in patients with stage I disease and 50% in those with stage II disease. Immunotherapy appears to be of significant value in primary melanoma, and intra-lesional BCG immunotherapy of cutaneous or subcutaneous metastatic lesions has yielded a 50% response rate. Successful combined modality therapy would take into account the natural history and course of the disease. Conventional therapy consists of surgery as primary therapy, followed by chemo- or immunotherapy. Further research is needed to determine if better results can be achieved by altering the sequence of utilization of the various treatment modalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 10 (1980), S. 17-26 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study was made of immunologic parameters obtained from patients with stage IIIB malignant melanoma who were treated with BCG. Patients with the longest disease-free interval and survival times were those who had small initial skin test reactions and developed larger reactions during the course of BCG treatment. Of these patients, those with less than five involved nodes had the longest disease-free interval and survival times. Patients who had increases in skin test reactivity generally showed these increases by the first visit after initiation of BCG therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 17 (1984), S. 130-134 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the effect of isobutyl nitrite on murine NK-cell antitumor-directed cytotoxicity. This agent has been suggested as one of the factors underlying immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in man. We demonstrated that two injections, each of 0.25 ml isobutyl nitrite, resulted in significant depression of endogenous splenic and peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity against T-cell lymphoma, YAC-1. In addition to endogenous NK cells, activity of pyrimidinol-activated NK cells was also substantially depressed by this agent. The latter observation is of the utmost importance, since it suggests that the attempt to augment NK-cell activity (to promote resistance to infections and malignancies) could fail in patients with AIDS who are isobutyl nitrite users. Isobutyl nitrite was NK-cell-suppressive not only after in vivo administration but, most importantly, also after inhalation. This indicates that isobutyl nitrite, via its NK-cell suppressive effect, could contribute to immunodeficiency in AIDS. Studies on the mechanism of NK-cell depression by isobutyl nitrite demonstrated that the NK-cell tumor-binding properties as well as NK-cell cytotoxic potential were substantially depressed. Mixing experiments failed to reveal any regulation by suppressor cell activities. The results of these studies clearly indicate that isobutyl nitrite is an immunosuppressive agent and that its use should be avoided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The current status of therapy with the methanol extraction residue of BCG (MER) is reviewed. We have identified 41 evaluable clinical trials of MER therapy, involving approximately 3,000 patients with malignant disease. The diagnoses have included lung, colon, and breast cancer, malignant melanoma, acute leukemia, and a small number of other malignancies. MER has been used as an adjunct to therapy for advanced disease and as prophylaxis against recurrence after surgery. Most studies have used the intradermal route but subcutaneous, intralesional, and intravenous routes have also been explored. The major local toxicity is pain and sterile abscess formation. The major systemic toxicity with administration by the intravenous route includes fever, malaise, and the development of pulmonary infiltrates. With the intradermal route little activity has been observed and there is no confirmed example of an increased remission rate, remission duration, or survival induced by MER therapy. When given by the intralesional route MER can cause regression of metastatic malignant melanoma nodules, and when given by the intravenous route MER is a potent immunoadjuvant. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and natural killer cell activity were both boosted after one dose of intravenous MER. In rare patients receiving either intradermal or intravenous MER alone, without other therapy, tumor regression has been noted. These cases have included gastrointestinal cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia. Overall, the data indicate that the future of therapy with mycobacterial fractions awaits the development of more potent, less toxic fractions that can be administered systemically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with interleukin-2 (IL-2) results in the release of a factor which is cytostatic and cytotoxic both to tumor cell lines (A375M, A375P, C480, MCF-7, Hey) and fresh tumor cells (in the human tumor cloning assay), including breast cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, myeloma and ovarian cancer. The factor cannot be detected in a 4-h chromium-release assay, but is best demonstrated after tumor cells have been to it for exposed 3 days. The factor is not cytotoxic to normal peripheral blood leukocytes or normal fibroblasts, and is not toxic to certain targets sensitive to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, such as K562 and Daudi cells. The factor is diffusible, non-dialyzable, relatively stable to heat and acid and does not contain appreciable amounts of targets resistant to interferon-α and β, tumor necrosis factor β and interleukin-1. The data suggest that there are several mechanisms of LAK cell activity against tumor cells including one which requires direct interaction of LAK and tumor cells and one which is mediated by LAK cell supernatant. The former is detected by 4-h chromium release while the latter is not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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