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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CELLULAR RESPONSES TO DNA DAMAGE (2001)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 41 (2001), S. 367-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Cells are constantly under threat from the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of DNA damaging agents. These agents can either be exogenous or formed within cells. Environmental DNA-damaging agents include UV light and ionizing radiation, as well as a variety of chemicals encountered in foodstuffs, or as air- and water-borne agents. Endogenous damaging agents include methylating species and the reactive oxygen species that arise during respiration. Although diverse responses are elicited in cells following DNA damage, this review focuses on three aspects: DNA repair mechanisms, cell cycle checkpoints, and apoptosis. Because the areas of nucleotide excision repair and mismatch repair have been covered extensively in recent reviews (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), we restrict our coverage of the DNA repair field to base excision repair and DNA double-strand break repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.367
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the Escherichia coli recB and recC gene products (1981)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 294 (1981), S. 578-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Mutations in either the recB or recC genes lead to apparently identical deficiency in genetic recombination, increased radiation sensitivity and decreased post-irradiation DNA degradation1'2. The recB and recC mutations cannot be distinguished phenotypically but have been assigned to different ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/294578a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role for BLM in replication-fork restart and suppression of origin firing after replicative stress (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural & molecular biology 14 (2007), S. 677-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-9985
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Mutations in BLM give rise to Bloom's syndrome, a genetic disorder associated with cancer predisposition and chromosomal instability. Using a dual-labeling system in isolated chromosome fibers, we show that the BLM protein is required for two aspects of the cellular response to replicative stress: ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb1267
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure-specific endonuclease Mus81 contributes to replication restart by generating double-strand DNA breaks (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural & molecular biology 14 (2007), S. 1096-1104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-9985
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Faithful duplication of the genome requires structure-specific endonucleases such as the RuvABC complex in Escherichia coli. These enzymes help to resolve problems at replication forks that have been disrupted by DNA damage in the template. Much less is known about the identities of these enzymes ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb1313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Bloom's syndrome helicase suppresses crossing over during homologous recombination (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 426 (2003), S. 870-874 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Mutations in BLM, which encodes a RecQ helicase, give rise to Bloom's syndrome, a disorder associated with cancer predisposition and genomic instability. A defining feature of Bloom's syndrome is an elevated frequency of sister chromatid exchanges. These arise from crossing over of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02253
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of critical active-site residues in the multifunctional human DNA repair enzyme HAP1 (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural biology 2 (1995), S. 561-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] All organisms express dedicated repair enzymes for counteracting the cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) lesions, which would otherwise pose a serious threat to genome integrity. We present the predicted three-dimensional structure of the major human AP site-specific DNA ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb0795-561
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human DNA topoisomerases IIα and IIβ can functionally substitute for yeast TOP2 in chromosome segregation and recombination (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 252 (1996), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Topoisomerases ; Chromosome segregation ; Genetic recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ability of the human DNA topoisomearse IIα and IIβ isozymes to complement functional defects conferred by conditional top2 mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been investigated. At the restrictive temperature, top2 strains show multiple abnormalities, including an inability to complete mitotic and meiotic division owing to a defect in chromosome segregation, and hyper-recombination within the repetitive rDNA gene cluster. We show that the human topoisomerases IIα and IIβ can each support both vegetative growth and the production of viable spores in a top2-4 mutant at the restrictive temperature. Similarly, both human isozymes can rescue a strain carrying a top2 gene disruption, and suppress hyper-recombination within the rDNA gene cluster. We conclude that the human topoisomerase IIα and IIβ isozymes are functionally interchangeable with yeast topoisomerase II and suggest that any isozyme-specific roles in human cells are likely to be dependent upon factors other than inherent differences in catalytic ability between the α and β isozymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004389670009
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A temperature sensitive RecA protein of Escherichia coli (1981)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 184 (1981), S. 68-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The temperature sensitive allele recA200 has been cloned into the multiple copy number plasmid pBR322 and the gene product isolated. The purified RecA200 protein is temperature sensitive in ability to cleave the phage λ and LexA repressors in vitro and also in ability to promote a successful search for homology between single stranded DNA and a homologous duplex leading to D-loop formation. However, at the non-permissive temperature the RecA200 protein has approximately wild type single stranded DNA dependent ATPase activity and ability to promote pairing between homologous single DNA strands. The demonstration that the temperature sensitivity in vivo can be correlated with the temperature sensitive cleavage of the λ and LexA repressors in vitro and also with D-loop formation shows that these in vitro reactions, which require large amounts of RecA protein, are not carried out by trace amounts of contaminating proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271197
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of recombinant λ phages that carry the E. coli recB and recC genes (1982)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 185 (1982), S. 148-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A fragment of the E. coli chromosome including the recC gene has been cloned by in vitro recombinant DNA techniques into a phage λ vector to give the recombinant phage λdrecC. This was used to derive the phage λdrecBC by in vivo recombination. On lysogenisation of recB and recC mutants with λdrecBC wild type levels of UV-resistance and RecBC DNase activity were restored. Infection of E. coli with λdrecBC led to the synthesis of phage-coded proteins of 125 kilodaltons (kd) and 135 kd that were not synthesised on infection with the original λ vector, whereas a 125 kd protein but not a 135 kd protein was synthesised in similar experiments with λdrecC. The recombinant phages, which are unable to form plaques, presumably due to the deletion of essential phage genes during their construction, provide useful starting points from which to subclone the recB, recC, and the neighbouring thyA and argA genes individually into multiple copy plasmid vectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333805
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The E. coli uvrD gene product is DNA helicase II (1983)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 190 (1983), S. 265-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have shown that the uvrD gene product, previously identified in maxicell extracts as a 73 kilodalton protein, copurifies with single stranded DNA-dependent ATPase and ATP-dependent DNA helicase activities. This protein is specifically precipitated from maxicell extracts by antibodies raised against DNA helicase II. In order to facilitate purification of the UvrD protein we have sub-cloned the uvrD gene into a plasmid vector in which its transcription is under the control of the phage lambda leftward promoter. Using cells harbouring this recombinant plasmid as a source of elevated levels of the UvrD protein we have purified this protein to homogeneity by a simple, rapid procedure. The purified protein has single stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity and ATP-dependent DNA halicase activity, and both activities are specifically inactivated by antibodies raised against DNA helicase II. We conclude that DNA helicase II is the uvrD gene product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330649
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