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  • 1
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    Washington D.C., Wash. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Journal of Experimental Education. 56:2 (1988:Winter) 104 
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  • 2
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    Washington D.C., Wash. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Journal of Experimental Education. 60:4 (1992:Summer) 307 
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue ; (BALT) ; Larynx-associated lymphoid tissue (LALT) ; Respiratory mucosal immunity ; Sudden infant ; death/syndrome (SID/S) ; Young children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The respiratory tract of children in the first two years of life, unlike that of adults, contains bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and larynx-associated lymphoid tissue (LALT) with no differences in frequency between SID and control children. Using immunohistochemical methods we examined the distribution of B, T, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, HLA-D+ cells, CD68+ macrophages and proliferating cells, comparing bronchus-associated and larynx-associated lymphoid tissue of sudden infant death cases and controls. In all groups the lymphoid tissue was organized in lymphoid follicles and parafollicular areas. With no differences in the cellular composition of BALT and LALT the lymphoid follicles contained mainly B lymphocytes with some CD4+ lymphocytes in the germinal centers. Remarkably T lymphocytes of both subset types and B lymphocytes were observed in equal numbers in the parafollicular areas in contrast to gut-associated lymphoid tissue. However, the respiratory tract of young children with no differences between SID and controls might play a similar role in mucosal immunity and might function as an inductive site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Sudden infant death syndrome ; Prone ; position ; Face-down position ; Hypoxia ; Death-scene investigation ; Head covering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract We examined the position of the body and head, and the covering of the head by bedding on discovery in cases of sudden infant death (SID) in Lower Saxony. Between 1.1.1986 and 31.12.1992 structured, questionnaire-based interviews were carried out with parents of 140 SID victims. Control data were taken from a population-based cross-sectional study on infant sleeping position performed by the German Health Office (BGA) in autumn 1991. Of the SID cases 86.4% were discovered in the prone position [odds ratio (OR) = 7.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.3, 12.7] and 41.4% were found with the head covered. These infants were significantly older than those where the head was uncovered (p 〈 0.001) and covering of the head showed a significant association with a risk of SID (OR = 20.8; 95% CI = 11.5–37.6). Of the SID cases 27.9% were discovered in the face-down position. These infants were significantly younger than the infants who were discovered with the head in a side or supine position (p 〈 0.001). This study confirms the increased risk of SID associated with the prone position and suggests that this association could be related to the development of hypoxaemia or hypercapnia. Together with other factors such as heat stress or an infection, hypoxaemia or hypercapnia could culminate in SID if the arousal from sleep and auto-resuscitation apparently fails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 108 (1995), S. 85-89 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: SIDS ; Infection ; Rhinitis ; Upper respiratory tract
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The nasal cavities were examined in 56 cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and 26 control cases and the following criteria were compared: inflammatory infiltration of the nasal mucosa (SIDS 59% — controls 65%;P = 0.577), diapedesis of inflammatory cells (SIDS 38% — controls 42%;P = 0.678), epithelial desquamation (SIDS 62% — controls 85%;P = 0.043); hyperemia (SIDS 66% — controls 65%;P = 0.951) and hypersecretion of the seromucous glands (SIDS 55% — controls 69%;P = 0.233). Only epithelial desquamation was found significantly more often in the controls than in SIDS cases, but these alterations are unspecific and are influenced by the postmortem interval. The intensity of rhinitis was not different between the SIDS and control groups. The frequency of rhinitis is therefore not specific for the sudden infant death syndrome, and seems to be merely a result of the high incidence of upper respiratory tract infections in this age group. We speculate, however, that infections of the nose in conjunction with other factors, such as prone position, covering of the head, hyperthermia, parental smoking and immaturity of the central nervous system, could play a role in the pathogenesis of the sudden infant death syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The dated material was taken from organic deposits occurring in snow petrel colonies of the Untersee Oasis, central Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. These deposits have been formed by accumulation and solidification of stomach oil regurgitated by petrels over a long time period. Within the deposits the 14C ages tend to increase with depth. Local mixing and irregular 14C profiles are of minor importance. This confirms the suitability of such material for 14C dating. According to the 14C chronology the colonies near Lake Untersee have been continuously occupied at least during the past 8 kyr. Surprisingly old ages for three samples, namely 13.8, 18.4 and 33.9 kyr BP, suggest that breeding colonies must have been in the study area during the last glacial maximum. Information about the minimum age of moraines and the timing of local ice retreat can be obtained from a correlation between the oldest 14C age of the organic material accumulated on moraines and the altitude of the sample site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 120 (1940), S. 64-67 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 61 (1922), S. 206-207 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 318 (1976), S. 381-389 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Phenyl-substituted Alkene-diynes by Alkaline Degradation of Quaternary Salts of Mannich Bases Derived from Phenyl-alka-1,3-diynesIsomeric phenyl- and p-methoxyphenylsubstituted hexenediynes are formed by alkaline degradation of quaternary salts of aryldiacetylene-Mannich bases. The reaction is a diethynylogic Hofmann elimination. The degradation with sodium amide mainly results in the formation of trans-alkenediynes with a terminal triple bond. Using aqueous potassium hydroxide, the degradation yields the isomers with terminal double bond exclusively. This is in contrast to the reaction of aliphatic diacetylene-Mannich base methoiodides.
    Notes: Isomere Phenyl- und p-Methoxyphenylhexendiine werden durch alkalischen Abbau quartärer Salze von Aryldiacetylen-Mannichbasen über eine diäthinyloge Eliminierung erhalten. Der Abbau mit Natriumamid ergibt bevorzugt die Alkendiine mit endständiger Dreifachbindung in der trans-Konfiguration. Beim Abbau mit wäßriger Kalilauge entstehen im Gegensatz zu den nicht phenylsubstituierten Diacetylen-Mannichbasen ausschließlich die Isomeren mit endständiger Doppelbindung.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 246-251 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1H NMR spectra of several aliphatic and phenyl substituted alkenediynes have been obtained. Chemical shifts and coupling constants of these compounds are discussed in conjunction with some compounds described in the literature. Chemical shifts of the protons from isomeric alkenediynes R—C≡C—C≡C—CH=CH2, R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡CH and R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡C—CH3 (R = H, alkyl, C6H5, C6H4OCH3-p) are well correlated with cis/trans-isomerism and electronic effects of substituents at the C=C bond. The coupling constants were found to be only slightly dependent on the substitution at the double bond. We could resolve couplings over a maximum of eight bonds in the alkenediyne system.
    Notes: Die 1H-NMR-Spektren einer Reihe aliphatisch und phenylsubstituierter Alkendiine werden vorgestellt und, unter Berücksichtigung einiger literaturbekannter Verbindungen, chemische Verschiebungen und Kopplungskonstanten diskutiert.Die chemischen Verschiebungen der Protonen der untersuchten isomeren Alkendiine R—C≡C—C≡C—CH=CH2, R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡CH und R—CH=CH—C≡C—C≡C—CH3 (R = H, Alkyl, C6H5, C6H4OCH3-p,) lassen sich hinsichtlich cis/trans-Isomerie und Substitution an der Doppelbindung befriedigend mit elektronischen Effekten und molekularen Magnetfeldern der Mehrfachbindungen erklären. Die Kopplungs-konstanten erweisen sich als kaum abhängig von der Substitution an der Doppelbindung. Über die Diacetylengruppierung hinweg können Kopplungen über maximal acht Bindungen beobachtet werden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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