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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilatation of the Pulmonary Veins in Atrial Fibrillation: (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , U.S.A . : Blackwell Publishing
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ectopic beats originating from sleeves of atrial tissue within the pulmonary veins (PVs) can induce and sustain paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Left atrial stretch and dilatation favors the development of atrial ectopy and AF. Similarly, PV dilatation, if present, might trigger PV ectopy in patients with AF. This study was designed to evaluate whether PV dilatation is present in patients with nonfocal AF and whether the PV diameter correlates to the left atrial diameter (LAD). The diameters of the right superior (RSPV) and left superior PV (LSPV) were measured at the ostium and at a depth of 1 cm in 170 patients (AF, n = 75 ; sinus rhythm [SR], n = 95) using transesophageal echocardiography. The LAD was determined by transthoracic echocardiography. The diameters of the PVs were significantly larger in patients with AF than in patients with SR (LSPVostium: AF 13.6 ± 3.5 mm vs SR 10.6 ± 2.7 mm, P 〈 0.001 ; LSVP1cm: AF 12.5 ± 2.9 mm vs SR 10.2 ± 2.5 mm, P 〈 0.001 ; RSPVostium, AF 13.9 ± 3.5 mm vs SR 11.7 ± 2.9 mm, P 〈 0.001 ; RSVP1cm: AF 12.8 ± 2.8 mm vs SR 10.6 ± 2.6 mm, P 〈 0.05). Similarly, LAD was larger in patients with AF (44.7 ± 7.7 mm) as compared to patients with SR (38.8 ± 6.8 mm, P 〈 0.001). Neither for the SR nor the AF group did the PV size correlate to the LAD. AF is associated with a significant enlargement of the RSPV, LSPV, and LAD. There is no correlation between LAD and PV diameters. This raises the question whether PV dilatation in patients with AF is a cause or a consequence of AF and whether it may contribute to the development and perpetuation of AF. (PACE 2003; 26:1371–1378)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.t01-1-00196.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrohydraulic extracorporeal non-water bath shock-wave lithotripsy of gallstones: Two years' experience (1991)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 15 (1991), S. 623-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'efficacité de la lithotritie extracorporelle (LEC) à l'aide d'un lithotriteur sans immersion, associée à u traitement dissolvant a été évaluée sur la disparation de la lithiase vésiculaire. Les patients ont été traités sans anesthésie générale ou analgésie parentérale. Nous avons traité 74 patients selon des critères bien établis. Deux patients seulement n'ont pu être traités en raison de douleurs. Après deux ans, 24 patients (32%) n'avaient plus de calculs, 35 patients (47%) avaient encore des fragments lithiasiques, 5 patients (7%) ont nécessité une cholécystectomie, deux patients (3%) ont été perdus de vue et 8 patients (11%) ont arrêté leur traitement avant d'obtenir une dissolution complète des calculs, Selon les calculs de survie actuarielle, 77% des patients ayant été traités avec succès par LEC et n'ayant pas eu de complication du traitement dissolvant étaient indemne de lithiase à un an. Nous pensons qu'un des avantages majeurs de cette méthode non chirurgicale est l'inutilité de l'anesthésie générale ou de l'analgésie parentérale.
    Abstract: Resumen Se realizó un estudio prospectivo destinado a valorar la eficacia de la litotricia extracorpórea (LEC) por medio de un litotritor no de baño de agua, combinada con quimiolitolisis oral, sobre la eliminación de los cálculos biliares. Los pacientes fueron manejados sin anestesia general o analgesia parenteral. Setenta y cuatro pacientes fueron tratados después de selección basada en criterios ampliamente conocidos. Sólo 2 pacientes no recibieron tratamiento completo debido a dolor. Después de dos años de seguimiento, 24 pacientes (32%) demostraron desaparición total de los cálculos, 35 (47%) exhibieron fragmentos residuales, 5 (7%) requirieron colecistectomía, 2 (3%) se perdieron del seguimiento 8 (11%) descontinuaron et tratamiento antes de la desaparición de los fragmentos. Según estimatión estadística, 77% de nuestros pacientes con LEC y quimiolitolisis no complicada se encontraban libre de cálculos después de un año. Consideramos que la ventaja mayor del tratamiento no operatorio de la enfermedad litiásica biliar es el que la anestesia general o la analgesia parenteral hayan resultado innecesarias.
    Notes: Abstract A prospective study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) using a non-water bath lithotripter in combination with oral chemolitholysis on gallstone clearance. Patients were treated without general anesthesia or parenteral analgesia. We treated 74 patients selected according to the widely accepted criteria. Only 2 patients could not be sufficiently treated because of pain. After a 2 year period, 24 (32%) patients showed complete stone clearance, 35 (47%) patients had residual fragments, 5 (7%) patients underwent cholecystectomy, 2 (3%) patients were lost to follow up, and 8 (11%) patients discontinued the treatment before fragment clearance. According to the life-table estimate, 77% of our patients with successful ESWL and uncomplicated oral chemolitholysis are stonefree after 1 year. We consider the major advantage of this nonsurgical treatment of gallstone disease is that general anesthesia or parenteral analgesia has become unnecessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01789209
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Modelling of Six-Ring Agarose Chains: Effects of Explicit and Implicit Solvent (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular modeling 3 (1997), S. 301-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0948-5023
    Keywords: Keywords: Oligosaccharides Dihedral angles ; Molecular Dynamics ; Agarose ; Abbreviations: MM: molecular mechanics; MD: molecular dynamics; AG: linkage between anhydrogalactose and galactose sugar rings; GA: linkage between galactose and anhydrogalactose rings.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A study on the molecular dynamics of agarose-type oligosaccharide chains in water is presented. In the field of molecular modelling one is able to use either explicit water molecules or a representative bulk dielectric constant: the two methods are compared here. The starting conformation was taken from X-ray fibre diffraction data for agarose double helices, which are neutral molecules. The resulting trajectories were analysed for the behaviour of dihedral linkages, and these were compared to systematic searches performed on isolated agarobiose and neo-agarobiose units. The results showed that when explicit water molecules are used the oligosaccharide chains are “stiffer” and have a reduced mobility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s008940050041
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A monoclonal antibody against human vitamin-D-binding protein for the analysis of genetic variation in the group-specific component system (Gc) (1990)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 84 (1990), S. 137-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have developed a murine hybridoma cell line that is stable in secreting a monoclonal antibody (hDBP-1) directed against the group-specific component (Gc) molecule. The hDBP-1 is monospecific for Gc and does not crossreact with human albumin, which has 23% of its amino acid residues identical with vitamin-D-binding protein (DBP). The subclass of the antibody is IgG1 for the heavy chain, the light chain being of the kappa type. Isoelectric focusing discloses four major bands for the hDBP-1 with isoelectric points between pH 6.5 and 7.8. Binding to the antigen at different pH values was determined: there is high affinity in the physiological range and no binding at pH 3.5 and lower. In the presence of high salt concentrations, binding was reduced to about 50% at 1.5 M NaCl. The hDBP-1 recognizes the common human Gc types and the Gc of all apes and old world monkeys. No reaction was observed with the Gc of other mammals such as horses, cattle, rats, rabbits, sheep, goats and pigs. By testing hDBP-1 against 77 of the more than 120 known rare human Gc variants, it could be shown that this monoclonal antibody cannot recognize seven of these rare variants and can only poorly recognize nine. The binding site of hDBP-1 to Gc is not related to the binding site of Gc with G-actin: it recognizes Gc, the binary complex between Gc and G-actin, as well as the ternary complex between Gc, G-actin and DNase I. Competition assays with vitamin D3 and Gc in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay indicate that the epitope of hDBP-1 on the Gc molecule may be related to the vitamin-D3-binding site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208928
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties and imaging characteristics of remanufactured intravascular ultrasound catheters (2000)
    Springer
    The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 16 (2000), S. 23-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0743
    Keywords: intravascular ultrasound ; remanufacturing process
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) as a routine device in interventional cardiology is handicapped by its high price. 19 factory-made, ‘remanufactured’ IVUS catheters which consist of sterilized, used phased-array IVUS transducers inserted into a new catheter shaft were compared with 23 new IVUS catheters. 3 mechanical and 4 imaging characteristics were assessed on a 5 point scale (1 = unacceptable, 5 = excellent). Mechanical as well as imaging properties of ‘remanufactured’ IVUS catheter were comparable to new catheters with excellent ratings for each of the evaluated characteristics in 38 to 94% of ‘remanufactured’ catheters and 50 to 96% of new catheters. The initial failure rate for ‘remanufactured’ IVUS catheters was 31.6% vs. 4.3% for new catheters (P 〈 0.05). Overall failure rate was 47.3% for “remanufactured” catheters vs. 8.7% for new catheters (P 〈 0.05). The failure was due to an electronic connecting problem occurring during mechanical stress to the IVUS catheter. In conclusion, ‘remanufactured’ IVUS catheters offer mechanical and imaging characteristics which are comparable to new catheters. Improvements in the ‘remanufacturing’ process to resolve the high rate of electronic connecting problems may make this a promising approach to substantially lower the price of IVUS catheters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006310612175
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thion- und Dithioester, XXII. α,β-Ungesättigte Thion- und Dithioester (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 919-933 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thiono and Dithio Esters, XXII. α,β-Unsaturated Thiono and Dithio Estersα,β-Unsaturated thiono and dithio esters such as O-ethyl thiocinnamate (3), methyl dithiocinnamate (7), O-ethyl thiocrotonate (17), and O,O-diethyl dithiofumarate (28) have been prepared by thiolysis between 20 and -75°C from the corresponding O- or S-alkylated tertiary amides or thioamides. They tend to dimerize in part by [4 + 2] cycloadditions. Methyl dithiocrotonate (24) could only be isolated as the endo-dimer 25.
    Notes: α,β-Ungesättigte Thion- und Dithioester wie Thiozimtsäure-O-ethylester (3), Dithiozimtsäure-methylester (7), Thiocrotonsäure-O-ethylester (17) und Dithiofumarsäure-O,O-diethylester (28) sind durch Thiolyse aus den entsprechenden O- oder S-alkylierten tertiären Amiden oder Thio-amiden bei Temperaturen von 20 bis -75°C zugänglich. Sie dimerisieren zum Teil in [4 + 2]-Cycloadditionen. Dithiocrotonsäure-methylester (24) ist nur als endo-Dimeres 25 erhältlich.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19801130312
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlor-Isotopieeffekte bei der Ionenaustausch-ChromatographieDiese Arbeit wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft und dem Fonds der Chemischen Industrie unterstützt. - Herrn Prof. K. H. Lieser, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, danken wir für die Möglichkeit, die massenspektrometrischen Messungen an seinem Institut durchzuführen. (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 88 (1976), S. 54-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19760880209
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bestimmung der Reaktionsenthalpie beim Ionenaustausch von ChlorisotopenDiese Arbeit wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft und dem Fonds der Chemischen Industrie unterstützt. Prof. K. H. Lieser, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, danken wir für die Möglichkeit, massenspektrometrische Messungen an seinem Institut durchzuführen. (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 89 (1977), S. 118-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19770890223
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Reaction Enthalpy in the Ion-Exchange of Chlorine IsotopesThis work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. We thank Prof. K. H. Lieser, Technische Hochschule Darmastadt for allowing us to carry out the mass spectrometric measurements in his Institute. (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 114-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197701141
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorine Isotope Effects in Ion Exchange ChromatographyThis work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. - We are indebted to Prof. K. H. Lieser, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt for the opportunity of performing the mass spectrometric measurements at his institute. (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 15 (1976), S. 55-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197600551
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