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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrolysis of biacetyl and the third-body effect on the combination of methyl radicals (1969)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 73 (1969), S. 177-185 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100721a029
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Thermal Decomposition of Methyl Ketene (1966)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 70 (1966), S. 1464-1469 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100877a020
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The medullary dorsal reticular nucleus facilitates pain behaviour induced by formalin in the rat (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 11 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The influence of the dorsal reticular nucleus (DRt) on pain behaviour during the formalin test was studied in the rat by lesioning the nucleus through local application of electrical current or quinolinic acid. Animals in which the DRt was lesioned ipsilaterally to the paw injected with formalin spent less time in focused (licking, biting or scratching the injected paw) and total (focused pain behaviour plus protection of the injected paw during movements) pain behaviour, and showed paw-jerks less frequently than non-lesioned animals in both phases 1 and 2 of the test. Animals in which the DRt was lesioned contralaterally to the injected paw presented a decrease in total pain behaviour and number of paw-jerks only during phase 2. The number of superficial (laminae I–II) and deep (laminae III–VI) spinal dorsal horn cells expressing the c-fos proto-oncogene 2 h after subcutaneous injection of formalin was reduced by 34% and 50%, respectively, in animals with an ipsilateral DRt lesion as compared to non-lesioned rats. No differences in c-fos expression were observed after lesioning the DRt contralateral to the formalin injection. The results indicate that the DRt is involved in the facilitation of nociception during the formalin test by enhancing the response capacity of dorsal horn neurons to noxious stimulation. It is suggested that the pronociceptive action of the DRt is mediated by the reciprocal connections it establishes with the spinal dorsal horn [Almeida et al. (1993) Neuroscience, 55, 1093].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00411.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subsensitivity of serotonin and substance P receptors involved in nociception after repeated administration of a serotonin receptor agonist (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 77 (1989), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Serotonin agonists ; serotonin ; substance P ; nociception ; receptor ; function ; mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antinociceptive effects of subcutaneous 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyitryptamine (5-MeODMT) and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) and the responses to intrathecal (i.th.) serotonin (5-HT) and substance P (SP) were examined in mice after repeated administration of 5-MeODMT (3 mg/kg every 30 min for 4 hours). Ninety min after the last injection of 5-MeODMT the basal tail-flick and hot-plate response latencies were unaltered, but the antinociceptive effects of 5-MeODMT (3 mg/kg) in the tailflick and hot-plate tests and the antinociceptive effect of 8-OH-DPAT (0.5 mg/ kg) in the hot-plate test were markedly reduced. The behavioral responses to i.th. 5-HT (4.0 μg) and SP (2.5, 5, and 10 ng) which include vigorous biting, licking and scratching of the caudal part of the body, were attenuated 90–120 min after withdrawal of 5-MeODMT treatment. It is suggested that repeated administration of 5-MeODMT downregulates the function of the 5-HT receptors mediating the antinociceptive effects of 5-MeODMT and 8-OH-DPAT. The rapid desensitization to the behavioral responses both to 5-HT and SP by 5-MeODMT pretreatment may reflect a functional interaction between 5-HT and SP in the spinal modulation of nociception.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01255814
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms by which the putative serotonin receptor antagonist metitepin alters nociception in mice (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 73 (1988), S. 31-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Serotonin ; nociception ; tail-flick ; hot-plate ; metitepin ; serotonin depletion ; tolerance ; mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The putative serotonin (5-HT) receptor antagonist metitepin (0.5 mg/ kg, intraperitoneally) produced hypoalgesia in the increasing temperature hot-plate test and hyperalgesia in the tail-flick test in mice. The effects of metitepin were not altered after depletion of 5-HT by the neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5, 7-DHT, 80 Μg free base, intracerebroventricularly) or the serotonin synthesis inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 400 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days). After chronic administration (2 or 5 mg/kg for 18 consecutive days) tolerance to the effect of metitepin (0.5 mg/kg) and cross-tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of the 5-HT agonist 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT, 3 mg/kg) was found in the hot-plate test but not in the tail-flick test. It is suggested that metitepin may block descending 5-HT transmission while more complex mechanisms of action are involved at supraspinal level. One possibility is that metitepin exhibits partial agonist properties or, alternatively, that the drug may block 5-HT subsystems which tonically enhance nociception.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244620
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metergoline elevates or reduces nociceptive thresholds in mice depending on test method and route of administration (1984)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 82 (1984), S. 306-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Metergoline ; Tailflick test ; Hot-plate test ; Nociception ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intrathecal injection of metergoline reduced the response latencies in the tail-flick and hot-plate tests, supporting the contention that descending 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) pathways tonically inhibit pain sensitivity. Elevated latencies were, however, observed after both intraperitoneal (IP) and intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections in the hot-plate test, when hindpaw lick was used as the response criterion. These findings may indicate that supraspinal 5-HT pathways tonically increase pain responsiveness in certain test situations. Alternative hypotheses are that metergoline in supraspinal structures acts as an agonist at post-synaptic 5-HT receptors mediating antinociception, or as an antagonist at pre-synaptic 5-HT receptors. Recording of first reaction latencies on the hot-plate showed increased thresholds after IP, but not after ICV injections. This may indicate an action on 5-HT receptors in the brain not accessible after ICV injections, or that the effect is mediated by blockade of peripheral 5-HT receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427675
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of metergoline (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 93 (1987), S. 16-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Metergoline ; Formalin test ; Nociception ; Tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Metergoline given IP reduced the response to noxious stimulation in the mouse formalin test. Tolerance to this effect developed after a chronic treatment schedule consisting of ten daily injections of 5 mg/kg. Twenty four hours after the last injection a test dose of metergoline (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the licking time in the formalin test by 28% in the chronic metergoline group, compared to 68% reduction in the vehicle-treated animals. In addition, the antinociceptive effect of the 5-hydroxytryptamine releasing compoundp-chloroamphetamine (PCA) was reduced following chronic treatment with metergoline. The reduced effect of PCA may have been caused by down-regulation of 5-HT2 receptors. However, this finding is also compatible with the contention that metergoline may act as an agonist at postsynaptic serotonergic receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02439580
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