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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 41 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: The three largest water utilities in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area (WMA) rely on the Potomac River and its reservoirs for water supply. These utilities have committed to a periodic review of the system's adequacy to meet future demands. In 1990, 1995, 2000, and again in 2004 (for publication in 2005) the utilities requested that the Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin (ICPRB) conduct a 20-year water demand and resource adequacy study to fulfill this need. The selection of the five-year interval provides multiple benefits. It allows regular updates and incorporation of recent demographic forecasts, and it increases visibility and understanding of the adequacy of the region's water resources. It also provides adequate time to conduct research on the physical system and to incorporate modifications based on this research into subsequent studies. The studies and lessons learned are presented in this case study of the WMA. The work has been a natural outgrowth of a long history of cooperative water supply planning and management among the main WMA water utilities and ICPRB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 27 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: This paper presents an application of an automated calibration technique for the United States Geological Survey Method of Characteristics (USGS-MOC) code. The model was applied to a shallow sand aquifer where contamination due to leakage from a solvent recycling plant was detected. Using available water-table observations, transmissivity parameters for the USGS-MOC model were calibrated by an automated parameter identification (PI) technique. Dispersivity was determined from trial-and-error simulations. For comparison purposes, the transmissivity parameters were also independently calibrated by trial-and-error simulations. The study results show that, although the PI-calibrated model can produce water-table contours that are in good agreement with observations and the contaminant plumes produced by the USGS-MOC using parameters determined from the PI technique and the trial-and-error approach are not vastly different, the parameters determined by this technique are not considered to be physically plausible in all cases. The best strategy in model calibration would be to use both methods conjunctively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 21 (1997), S. 669-685 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: KEY WORDS: Halocarbons; Ozone depletion; Montreal Protocol; Integrated assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental modeling and assessment 4 (1999), S. 45-63 
    ISSN: 1573-2967
    Keywords: integrated assessment ; secondary impacts ; regional distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract As the nations of the world negotiate future controls on greenhouse gas emissions, a critical environmental policy issue becomes understanding the multiple environmental consequences of these controls. Here we describe an integrated assessment model for quantifying multiple environmental impacts of large-scale environmental initiatives and apply this model to climate change mitigation. Our analysis shows that reductions in global warming will be accompanied by reductions in ozone depletion, acid rain and mercury emissions, and desulfurization waste generation. We also conclude that the largest collateral benefits from reducing global climate change may be in the developing world. This result is critical since it is the developing nations who ultimately control the long-term success of any climate stabilization strategy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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