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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantioselective binding of mephobarbital to plasma proteins (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 2 (1990), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: barbiturates ; stereoisomers ; protein binding ; albumin ; age dependence ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantioselective protein binding of mephobarbital (MPB) was investigated in human plasma and human serum albumin solutions by equilibrium dialysis. A small but statistically significant difference was observed in the in vitro plasma protein binding of the enantiomers; (S)-MPB was ∼59% bound and (R)-MPB ∼67% bound. The binding to albumin [(S)-MPB: ∼29% bound, and (R)-MPB: ∼41% bound] was less than to plasma proteins but showed somewhat greater enantioselectivity, suggesting that albumin binding is a major source of the enantioselectivity in plasma. The effects of MPB concentration, of varying enantiomeric concentration ratio, and of phenobarbital on the enantioselective binding of MPB were studied. The effect of age was also investigated by measuring the binding in plasma from 8 young (18-25 yr) and 8 elderly (〉60 yr) male subjects who took single doses of MPB. The results were in close agreement with the in vitro binding data, and the binding of both enantiomers was marginally but significantly lower in the young compared with the elderly subjects. These differences in binding were consistent with previously observed pharmacokinetic differences between the two subject groups.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530020411
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantioselective pharmacokinetics of ethotoin in humans following single oral doses of the racemate (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 4 (1992), S. 142-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: anticonvulsants ; epilepsy ; stereoisomers ; hydantoins ; metabolism ; HPLC assay ; chiral columns ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Racemic ethotoin (1000 mg) was administered orally as a single dose to six healthy adult volunteers. Blood samples were collected at appropriate times for 120 h following the dose. Ethotoin was quantified enantioselectively in plasma using a novel chiral column HPLC procedure. One of the enantiomers of the chiral metabolite, 5-phenylhydantoin, was also quantified in the HPLC method. The Cmax and AUC0 - ∞ values for (+)-(S)-ethotoin were significantly greater than those for ( - )-(R)-ethotoin (ratio of mean AUC0 - ∞ values 0.88), but the elimination half-lives of the isomers were virtually identical [12.35 ± 5.15 h for ( - )-(R)-thotoin; 12.28 ± 5.34 h for (+)-(S)-ethotoin]. Parameters derived from AUC0 - ∞ (Cl0/F and Varea/F) also differed slightly between the isomers. The data were interpreted as indicating a small difference in the absorption of the two isomers; it seemed unlikely, in terms of the identical elimination rates, that their metabolic profiles would differ greatly. The 5-phenyl-hydantoin was eliminated with a significantly longer half-life (18.69 ± 6.11 h) than that of ethotoin. Enantioselectivity in the pharmacokinetics of ethotoin is therefore a minor issue. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530040303
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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