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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 92 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A newly-developed unidirectional force gauge was used to demonstrate that the urethral occlusive forces are unequal around the circumference of the female urethra. In the proximal two-thirds of the urethra significantly greater forces are exerted in the anterior position compared with those exerted in the lateral and posterior positions. By contrast the occlusive forces in the distal third of the urethra are greater in the posterior and lateral positions than in the anterior position. These findings hold true for both women with normal and abnormal urinary control. Rotational variations have previously been reported but have been thought to be artefact due to catheter stiffness; this study shows that rotational variations are genuine and not due to artefact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Single-fibre electromyography of the pubococcygeus muscle of the pelvic floor was performed in 69 asymptomatic women and 105 women with stress incontinence of urine or genitourinary prolapse or both. The results suggest that partial denervation of the pelvic floor with subsequent reinnervation is a normal accompaniment of ageing and is increased by childbirth. Women with stress incontinence of urine or genitourinary prolapse or both have a significant increase in denervation of the pelvic floor compared with asymptomatic women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Conduction was studied in the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve in 42 women with normal urinary control and 87 women with stress incontinence of urine, genitourinary prolapse, or both. Women with stress incontinence of urine had delayed conduction to both the striated urethral muscle and the pelvic floor muscle, indicative of dcnervation injury. Women with normal urinary control and genitourinary prolapse had similar conduction times to the urethral sphincter striated muscle as normal women but clear evidence of denervation damage to the pelvic floor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 97 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Ninety six nulliparous women were investigated to establish whether childbirth causes damage to the striated muscles and nerve supply of the pelvic floor. The techniques used were concentric needle electromyography (EMG), pudendal nerve conduction tests and assessment of pelvic floor contraction using a perineometer. There was EMG evidence of re-innervation in the pelvic floor muscles after vaginal delivery in 80% of those studied. Women who had a long active second stage of labour and heavier babies showed the most EMG evidence of nerve damage. Forceps delivery and perineal tears did not affect the degree of nerve damage seen. We conclude that vaginal delivery causes partial denervation of the pelvic floor (with consequent re-innervation) in most women having their first baby. In a few this is severe and is associated with urinary and faecal incontinence. For some it is likely to be the first step along a path leading to prolapse and/or stress incontinence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 98 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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