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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes were employed to elucidate energy flows and trophic interactions in Lake Apopka, a hypereutrophic lake in central Florida, U.S.A. Isotope compositions of lake biota ranged from −27·1 to −3·0‰ for δ13C, and from 3·7 to 13·9‰ for δ15N. The food web was based primarily on plankton production with diatoms, Microcystis and zooplankton dominating the diet of fish. Carbon isotope evidence showed that pico- and nano-phytoplankton were not a direct carbon source for fish, but were important to zooplankton. δ15N mass balance estimates indicated that planktivorous fish obtained 48–85% of their diets from zooplankton. The ∼3‰ range of δ15N in gizzard shad reflected increasing dependence on zooplankton as fish grew whereas the positive relationship between total length and δ15N of largemouth bass reflected increasing predation on larger planktivorous fish with growth. The broad ranges of δ13C (−25·9 to −9·5‰) and δ15N (5·8 to 14·4‰) of blue tilapia were indicators of diet diversity. Two presumed omnivores (brown bullhead and white catfish) and piscivores (black crappie, largemouth bass and Florida gar) were found to depend on planktivorous fish. However, stable isotope data revealed no trophic links between blue tilapia, an abundant fish in the near-shore area, and piscivores.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 57 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum were collected in 23 and threadfin shad D. petenense were collected in 22 of the 60 Florida lakes sampled. Logistic regression equations were 94% effective for predicting gizzard shad occurrence from chlorophyll and lake surface area, and 84% effective for predicting threadfin shad occurrence from lake surface area and lake volume inhabited (PVI). Occurrence of both shad species was related positively to lake size. In lakes where gizzard shad or threadfin shad were collected, shad density and biomass of both shad species were related positively to chlorophyll. Gizzard shad populations were generally vulnerable to predation in lakes, with the per cent of gizzard shad ≤200mm LT values exceeding 60% with few exceptions. Effects of gizzard shad and threadfin shad on fish community dynamics may be confined to relatively large (〉100 ha) and fertile (chlorophyll 〉20–30μg l−1) Florida lakes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: We investigated the relationship between immunohistochemical estimates of proliferative activity and expression of bcl-2 protein and mutant p53 protein in 23 cases of soft tissue sarcoma. Furthermore, the reproducibility of estimates of proliferative activity was analysed and correlations between the variables and with mitotic score were investigated. Proliferative activity was assessed by use of monoclonal antibody MIB-1 and staining for iododeoxyuridine (IdUrd), and evaluated in multiple, random, systematically sampled fields of vision. MIB-1 indices were higher than those of IdUrd but for each case the two values were positively correlated (r = 0.78). The MIB-1 index correlated positively with mitotic score (2P 〈 0.001) and malignancy grade (2P = 0.001). The intra-observer reproducibility of the MIB-1 and IdUrd indices were excellent (r = 0.98 and r = 0.90, respectively). p53 expression was detected in 43% and strong bcl-2 expression was present in 57% of the studied cases. Expression of p53 and bcl-2 were not significantly correlated to proliferative activity or the histological features. We conclude, that the MIB-1 index is a reliable and reproducible estimate of proliferative activity and might improve the accuracy of conventional malignancy grading of soft tissue sarcomas. Furthermore, the results indicate that neither mutant p53 protein nor bcl-2 oncogene alone are sufficient to induce increased proliferation in these sarcomas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Schlagwort(e): Immunotherapy ; BCG ; Bovine vulval papilloma-carcinoma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Thirty cows from a pedigree Friesian dairy herd with bovine vulva papilloma and carcinoma were treated by intralesional injections of live bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). This treatment induced total regression of all of six carcinomas. Whilst, after treatment, limited regression was also observed in advanced papillomas, BCG has little or no effect on the early stages of papillomas. This is the first study of BCG therapy in this type of cancer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Immunotherapy – BCG – Bovine vulval papilloma-carcinoma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Thirty cows from a pedigree Friesian dairy herd with bovine vulva papilloma and carcinoma were treated by intralesional injections of live bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). This treatment induced total regression of all of six carcinomas. Whilst, after treatment, limited regression was also observed in advanced papillomas, BCG has little or no effect on the early stages of papillomas. This is the first study of BCG therapy in this type of cancer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 80 (1995), S. 199-208 
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Schlagwort(e): Mercury ; wet deposition ; precipitation ; trace elements ; regional transport ; trajectories
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: Abstract To assess the sources, transport and deposition of atmospheric mercury (Hg) in Michigan, a multi-site network was implemented in which Hg concentrations in event precipitation and ambient samples (vapor and participate phases) were determined. Results from the analysis of 2 years of event precipitation samples for Hg are reported here. The volume-weighted average Hg concentration in precipitation was 7.9, 10.8 and 10.2 ng/L for the Pellston, South Haven and Dexter sites, respectively. Yearly wet deposition of Hg for 1992–93 and 1993–94 was 5.8 and 5.5 μg/m2 at Pellston, 9.5 and 12.7 μg/m2 at South Haven and 8.7 and 9.1 μg/m at Dexter. A spatial gradient in both the Hg concentration and wet deposition was observed. Northern Michigan received almost half the deposition of Hg recorded at the southern Michigan sites. The concentration of Hg in precipitation exhibited a strong seasonal behavior with low values of 1.0 to 2.0 ng/L in winter and maximum values greater than 40 ng/L in summer. The spring, summer and autumn precipitation accounted for 89 to 91% of the total yearly Hg deposition. Mixed-layer back trajectories were calculated for each precipitation event to investigate the meteorological history and transport from potential Hg source regions. Elevated Hg concentrations were observed with air mass transport from the west, southwest, south, and southeast. At each of the sites precipitation events for which the Hg concentration was in the 90th and 10th percentile were-analyzed for trace elements by ICP-MS to investigate source impacts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 80 (1995), S. 353-362 
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Schlagwort(e): Mercury ; wet deposition ; regional transport ; particle phase mercury ; Lake Champlain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The “Great Waters” program, established in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, mandated that atmospheric deposition of hazardous air pollutants to Lake Champlain (including Hg) be assessed. An assessment of the magnitude and seasonal variation of atmospheric Hg deposition in the Lake Champlain basin was initiated in December 1992 with one year of event precipitation collection, as well as collection of vapor and particle phase Hg in ambient air. Samples were collected at the Vermont Monitoring Cooperative air monitoring site at the Proctor Maple Research Center in Underhill Center, VT. The average volume-weighted concentration for Hg in precipitation was 8.3 ng/L for the sampling year and the average amount of Hg deposited with each precipitation event was 0.069 μg/m2. The total amount of Hg deposited through precipitation during 1993 was 9.26 μg/m2/yr. A seasonal pattern for Hg in precipitation was evident, with increased concentrations and deposition during spring and summer months. Meteorological analysis indicated the highest levels of Hg in precipitation were associated with regional transport from the south regardless of season, and with transport from the west, southwest and northwest during spring and summer months. Concentrations of ambient vapor phase Hg were typical of rural locations and consistent across seasons. Ambient particulate Hg concentrations averaged 11 pg/m3 with highest concentrations during the winter months.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 612 (1992), S. 45-50 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Iodocuprates(I) ; solvated cations ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Synthesis and Structure Investigations of Iodocuprates(I). XV Iodocuprate(I) with Solvated Cations: [Li(CH3CN)4]1∞[Cu2I3] and [Mg{(CH3)2CO}6][Cu2I4][Li(CH3CN)4]1∞[Cu2I3] 1 and [Mg((CH3)2CO)6][Cu2I4] 2 were prepared by reactions of CuI with LiI in acetonitrile and of CuI with MgI2 in acetone. 1 crystallizes orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 552.7(2), b = 1258.8(8), c = 2516(1) pm, z = 4. [Li(CH3CN)4]+ cations are located between rod packings of CuI4 tetrahedra double chains 1∞ [(CuI2/2I2/4)2]- parallel to the axis. Short intermolecular anion/cation contacts were observed. The crystal structure of 2 (monoclinic, P21/n, a = 1840(2), b = 1059.2(2), c = 1879(2)pm, β = 112.94(4)°, z = 4) is built up by [Mg((CH3)2CO)6]2+ cations forming a simple hexagonal sphere packing. The binuclear anions [Cu2I4]2- occupy holes in the trigonal prismatic channels formed by the cations.
    Notizen: [Li(CH3CN)4]1∞[Cu2I3] 1 und [Mg((CH3)2CO)6][Cu2I4] 2 wurden durch Umsetzung von CuI mit LiI in Acetonitril bzw. von CuI mit MgI2 in Aceton dargestellt. 1 kristallisiert orthorhombisch, Pnma, a = 552,7(2), b = 1258,8(8), c = 2516(1) pm, z = 4. Zwischen Stabpackungen von CuI4-Tetraederdoppelketten 1∞[(CuI2/2I2/4)2]- parallel zur a-Achse sind [Li(CH3CN)4]+ -Kationen unter Ausbildung kurzer, intermolekularer Anionen-Kationen-Kontakte eingelagert. In der Kristallstruktur von 2 (monoklin, P21/n, a = 1840(2), b = 1059,2(2), c = 1879(2) pm, β = 112,94(4)°, z = 4) sind [Mg((CH3)2CO)6]2+ -Kationen in der Art einer hexagonal einfachen Kugelpackung angeordnet. In die dabei gebildeten, trigonal prismatischen Kanäle sind die zweikernigen Anionen [Cu2I4]2- eingebaut.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 587 (1990), S. 23-28 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Syntheses and Structure Analyses of Iodocuprates (I). XI. Crystal Structure of Tl4Cu2I6Tl4Cu2I6 was prepared by melting TlI and CuI or by hydrothermal synthesis in concentratet aqueous HI solution. The crystal structure analysis of Tl4Cu2I6 (orthorhombic, Pnnm, a = 919.6(1), b = 955.2(2), c = 933.6(2) pm, Z = 2) shows that the compound contains dinuclear anions [Cu2I6]4- which are built up by edge sharing CuI4-tetrahedra. The coordination of TlI with I- is analogous to the yellow TlI.
    Notizen: Tetrathallium-di-μ-iodo-bis(diiodocuprat(I)) Tl4Cu2I6 kann durch Umsetzung von CuI mit TlI in der Schmelze oder durch Hydrothermalsynthese in konzentrierter, wäßriger HI hergestellt werden. Die Kristallstrukturaufklärung von Tl4Cu2I6 (orthorhombisch, Pnnm, a = 919,6(1), b = 955,2(2), c = 933,6(2) pm, Z = 2) ergab, daß die Verbindung zweikernige Anionen [Cu2I6]4- enthält, bei denen zwei CuI4-Tetraeder über eine gemeinsame Kante verknüpft sind. Die Koordination des TlI mit I- entspricht der im gelben Thalliumiodid.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 308-312 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Iodoargentates ; crystal structure ; dithallium triiodoargentate ; sodium diiodoargentate trihydrate ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Crystal Structure Investigations of Tl2AgI3 und NaAgI2 · 3 H2OTl2AgI3 was synthesized by the reaction of TlI with AgI in aqueous HI (25%) in a pressure vessel. The compound crystallizes in the rhombohedral space group R3; a = 1044,3(2); c = 1993,5(3)pm; Z = 9. The crystal structure contains trinuclear anions [Ag3I8]5- and [ITl6]5+ octahedra. The anions are composed of two AgI4-tetrahedra which are connected to an AgI6 octahedron via common faces.Single crystals of NaAgI2 · 3 H2O were formed by reaction of NaI with AgI in aqueous solution. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with lattice parameters a = 711,2(2); b = 939,8(3); c = 2462,2(4) pm; Z = 8. The crystal structure is built up by polymeric layers ∞2[AgI3/3I½1/2-] of corner sharing AgI4 tetrahedra (GaOCl type) and ∞1[Na(H2O)4/2(H2O)I½1/2+] octahedra chains.
    Notizen: Tl2AgI3 wurde durch Umsetzung von TlI mit AgI in wäßriger HI (25%) in einem Aufschlußautoklaven kristallin erhalten. Es kristallisiert in der rhomboedrischen Raumgruppe R3; a = 1044,3(2); c = 1993,5(3) pm; Z = 9. Die Kristallstruktur ist aus dreikernigen Anionen [Ag3I8]5- und [ITl6]5+-Oktaedern aufgebaut. Die Anionen bestehen aus zwei AgI4-Tetraedern, die über gemeinsame Flächen an ein AgI6-Oktaeder gebunden sind.Die Verbindung NaAgI2 · 3 H2O wurde aus wäßriger Lösung durch Umsetzung von NaI mit AgI einkristallin gewonnen. Die orthorhombische Raumgruppe Pbca hat die Zellparameter a = 711,2(2); b = 939,8(3); c = 2462,2(4) pm; Z = 8. Die Kristallstruktur ist durch polymere Schichten ∞2[AgI3/3I½1/2-] aus eckenverknüpften AgI4-Tetraedern (GaOCl-Typ) und ∞1[Na(H2O)4/2(H2O)I1/2+]-Oktaederketten gekennzeichnet.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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