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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 97 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Uterine activity was quantified in women with a previous caesarean scar and a slow progress of labour who needed oxytocin augmentation. Of the 63 women 49 (78%) progressed well (mean cervical dilatation rate of 1·5 cm/h) and were delivered vaginally. Fourteen women had slow progress of labour (0·3 cm/h) and were delivered by caesarean section despite adequate and similar augmented uterine activity to that in the women who were delivered vaginally. Those who were delivered by caesarean section had a significantly higher mean maximum dose of oxytocin and a longer period of augmentation. All caesarean sections were for cephalopelvic disproportion and the mean birthweight of babies born by caesarean section (3598 g) was significantly higher than that of babies born vaginally (3230g). Satisfactory rate of cervical dilatation in the presence of optimal uterine activity is predictive of favourable outcome when oxytocin is used for dysfunctional labour after previous caesarean section.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Fetal vibroacoustic stimulation in fetuses with suspicious or ominous fetal heart rate traces in labour was followed by acid-base balance determination on fetal scalp blood within 30 min of the test. The mean fetal scalp blood pH values were significantly higher in fetuses that showed reactive responses with fetal heart rate acceleration compared with those who had no response or responded with a deceleration to the vibroacoustic stimulation (pH 7·30 and 7·22 respectively). However, acidotic scalp blood pH values (7·16 and 7·18) were found in two fetuses which had shown reactive responses both to vibroacoustic stimulation and pain stimuli with scalp blood sampling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of the selective β2-receptor stimulator terbutaline (0·25 to 0·5 mg given intravenously) on myometrial activity, local uterine blood flow, and lower abdominal pain were examined during the first day of menstruation in 11 women with severe primary dysmenorrhoea. All had maximum intrauterine pressures between 200 and 350 mm Hg. During uterine contractions of high amplitude or long duration, the local endometrial blood flow decreased markedly, and the patients experienced the most intense pain. Terbutaline inhibited the myometrial activity, increased the blood flow, and relieved the pain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The value of controlling oxytocin titration in induction of labour by a preset uterine activity, assessed as active contraction area, was examined in a randomized study in 60 nulliparae and 54 multiparae. Each parity group was divided into two groups according to the cervical score (〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:14700328:BJO242:les" location="les.gif"/〉5 and 〉5) and within those four groups the women were randomly allocated to oxytocin titration against a preset frequency of 6–7 uterine contractions every 15 min, or to a preset uterine activity equivalent to the 75th centile for spontaneous labour. The length of labour was slightly, but not significantly, longer in the frequency group. The mode of delivery, Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min and cord artery blood pH values were similar with the two modes of oxytocin titration.The mean maximum dose rate of oxytocin infusion was not significantly different except in the nulliparous group with a poor cervical score. The given mean total dose of oxytocin was similar in the different groups when controlled for parity and cervical score. The results suggest that oxytocin titration to achieve uterine activity values equivalent to the 75th centile of those observed in spontaneous labour does not confer any advantage compared with the traditional practice of titrating the oxytocin infusion to achieve a preset frequency of uterine contractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The attitude of the fetal head was determined in 445 women with breech presentations. Thirty-three women (7.4 per cent) were found to have a fetus with the head in various degrees of hyperextension. Of these 26 were born vaginally and seven by Caesarean section. At follow-up (2 to 4 years) five of the vaginally born infants (22 per cent) had neurological sequelae referable to spinal, supraspinal and cerebellar injuries but all infants born by Caesarean section were normal. The results emphasise the value of an abdominal X-ray examination of all women with breech presentations. Caesarean section is recommended if the fetal head is hyperextended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Uterine activity was measured in three groups of labouring women who previously had a caesarean section (CS): group A included women with a previous elective CS before labour or in the early latent phase of labour and no previous vaginal delivery; group B included women with a CS in the active phase of labour and no previous vaginal delivery; group C included women with a CS and a vaginal delivery either before or after the abdominal delivery. The active contraction area profiles in the three groups were compared with those of matched control groups of nulliparae and multiparac without a uterine scar. Group A had a uterine activity profile similar to that in control nulliparae and significantly higher than that in control multiparae. The uterine activity in group B was less than that in matched nulliparae but was similar to that in matched multiparae. Group C had significantly less uterine activity than matched nulliparae but a similar profile to that in the matched multiparae. Progress of labour into the active phase in the previous pregnancy reduces the uterine activity profile in subsequent labour. Women who had had a vaginal delivery either before or after the CS (group C) exhibited uterine activity profiles similar to multiparae, suggesting that an intact scar did not affect the uterine function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 93 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 86 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of the calcium antagonist, nifedipine, on uterine activity induced by prostaglandins F2α (PGFZ2α) and E2 (PGE2) were studied in women undergoingtherapeutic midtrimester abortion, and in patients with a missed abortion in the 16th to 27th week of pregnancy. In the five subjects receiving intra-amniotic PGF2α (25 to 40 mg) for midtrimester abortion, nifedipine (30 mg orally) decreased uterine activity from a mean of 372 to 203 Montevideo Units. The effect on the intensity of the contractions was pronounced; frequency and basal tone were little affected. In patients with missed abortion, uterine contractions were induced by extra-amniotic application of PGE2 (0.5 to 1.5 mg) in a viscous gel. The activity was often more irregular than that in the women receiving intra-amniotic PGF2α. However, nifedipine (30 mg orally) had a marked inhibitory effect on the uterine contractions. It is concluded that nifedipine can be used for treatment of uterine hyperactivity induced by prostaglandins. Combined treatment with β2-adrenoceptor stimulants might be considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 82 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of the beta receptor stimulator, terbutaline, on uterine activity induced by intra-amniotic injection of prostaglandin F2αor hypertonic saline was investigated in 20 patients undergoing therapeutic abortion in the second trimester. Intrauterine pressure was recorded, and the basal tone, intensity and frequency of contractions and “total” activity (expressed in Montevideo Units or MU), were measured. Uterine activity was higher in the prostaglandin group (mean value 393 MU) than in the hypertonic saline group (mean value 238 MU). However, terbutaline, infused at a rate of 5 to 20 μg/minute, decreased the activity by approximately the same absolute amount in the two groups to a mean value of 214 MU in the prostaglandin group and to 68 MU in the saline group. In some patients of the saline group, terbutaline completely inhibited uterine contractions. Basal tone, which was high in the prostaglandin group (mean value 28 mm Hg) decreased to a mean value of 17 mm Hg during terbutaline infusion. In the saline group the mean value for basal tone decreased from 10.5 to 7.5 mm Hg. It is concluded that uterine activity, induced by intra-amniotic injection of prostaglandin F2αor hypertonic saline, can be inhibited by terbutaline. The mechanisms of action for prostaglandins and hypertonic saline are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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