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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition mechanism of hydrogenated hard-carbon films in a CH4 rf discharge plasma (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 43-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To examine the mechanism of film deposition in a planar rf CH4 discharge plasma, measurements were made of the spatial distributions of the deposition rate and optical emission intensity along the discharge axis between parallel electrodes. Optical-absorption properties of the deposited carbon films were also measured over both the infrared and visible regions. To measure the spatial deposition rates, the substrate surface was elevated from the cathode electrode with the use of quartz glass plates. It was found that the spatial properties of films, which were deposited in both the ion-sheath and bulk-plasma regions, differ markedly from each other. The carbon films obtained from within the ion-sheath region were found to be extremely hard, while those obtained in the bulk-plasma region were polymerlike soft films. This disparity was thought to be due to the difference in the kinetic energy of the ions bombarding the substrate surface; that is, the substrate surface potential could be changed by elevating the substrate surface. These results were incorporated in the discussion of the deposition mechanism, with emphasis on the contribution of ion bombardment to the film-deposition process. It was tentatively concluded that the film-deposition rate was predominantly dependent on the product of the ion kinetic energy and ion flux density that reached the substrate surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352145
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic structure and optoelectronic properties of transparent p-type conducting CuAlO2 (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 4159-4163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electrical and optical properties of CuAlO2, a p-type conducting transparent oxide, were examined for the thin films prepared by the pulsed laser deposition technique. The indirect and direct allowed optical band gaps were evaluated to be ∼1.8 and ∼3.5 eV, respectively. The conductivity at 300 K was ∼3×10−1 S cm−1 and its temperature dependence is of the thermal-activation type (activation energy (approximate)0.2 eV) at temperatures 〉220 K but is of the variable-range hopping type (log σ∝T−1/4) at 〈220 K. It was inferred that an admixed state of Cu 3d and O 2p primarily constitutes the upper valence band, which controls transport of positive holes, from a combined information on ultraviolet photoemission spectrum with x-ray photoemission spectrum. An energy band calculation by full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method substantiated the experimental findings. The present results gave a solid basis for our working hypothesis [Nature (London) 389, 939 (1997)] for chemical design of p-type conducting transparent oxides. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1308103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathologic Exploration of Intra-Hisian Conduction Disturbances (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 13 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pathology of Intra-Hisian Block. Introduction: The length of the His bundle and the precise location of injury responsible for split His potentials have not been fully established in patients with intra–Hisian block. We conducted an autopsy study comparing histologic findings in intra-Hisian block versus control hearts. Methods and Results: We studied hearts from 4 intra-Hisian block patients (age 66 to 93 years, mean 79.5) and hearts from 14 patients without AV conduction abnormalities (control). All intra-Hisian block patients underwent electrophysiologic evaluation; 3 patients demonstrated intra-Hisian block and 1 showed no His potential. Autopsies were performed when each patient died. After the heart was fixed in formaldehyde, the AV septal junctional area was removed en bloc and serially sectioned into 7-μm thick slices. For study purposes, we considered the three segments of the His bundle separately: the penetrating bundle, the nonbranching bundle, and the branching bundle. The actual length of each segment was calculated from the number of respective serial sections, and the lesion was reconstructed within the conduction axis. Intra-Hisian block hearts were heavier than control hearts (mean weight 389 vs 301 g; P 〈 0.05). The lesion was situated in the nonbranching bundle in 3 hearts and in the penetrating bundle in 1 heart. Mean compact node length was 3.8 mm in intra-Hisian block hearts and 3.3 mm in control hearts. The penetrating bundle was 2.1 and 2.1 mm, the nonbranching bundle was 3.5 and 1.9 mm, and the branching bundle was 4.5 and 4.6 mm in intra-Hisian block and control hearts, respectively. Conclusion: Most lesions were observed in the nonbranching bundle adjacent to the junction between the central fibrous body and ventricular septum. This segment was longer in intra-Hisian block hearts than in control hearts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00257.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone Marrow Observed in Radiofrequency Ablation Scar Tissue (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 16 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2005.40636.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of stress in chemical vapor deposition tungsten silicide film (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 4194-4199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stress in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) tungsten silicide film was studied by changing the flow ratio of SiH4 and WF6, deposition temperature, and annealing temperature. It was revealed that the stress is tensile on the order of 109 dyn/cm2. Stress is not significantly influenced by the flow rate of SiH4, but it is greatly influenced by the composition ratio of Si and W. As the film becomes Si rich, the stress is reduced remarkably, and after annealing its value peaks at 500 °C. This behavior was analyzed using an x-ray diffractometer and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Annealing behavior of the stress can not be explained solely by the Nakjima–Kinoshita model which indicates that increase of tensile stress is caused by grain size increase, but it can be fully explained by adding to the model an expression which takes the grain structure and orientation into account. A tensile stress increase accompanies reaction between the tungsten silicide film and Si substrate at a high temperature of 1100 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335552
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REDUCED HIGH SERUM HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR LEVELS AFTER SUCCESSFUL CARDIOVERSION IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is considered to be a potent marker of vascular endothelial injury. The present study was designed to examine serum HGF levels in atrial fibrillation and after successful direct current (DC) cardioversion.2. We measured serum HGF levels before and 7 days and 1 month after DC cardioversion in 39 patients with atrial fibrillation in whom sinus rhythm was maintained for at least 7 days after DC cardioversion and in 30 age- and sex-matched normal control subjects with sinus rhythm. We also measured acetylcholine-induced changes in forearm blood flow (FBF) using venous occlusive plethysmography in 10 patients.3. Serum HGF levels were significantly higher in the atrial fibrillation patients (both lone atrial fibrillation and with underlying heart disease) than in the controls (0.16 ± 0.07 vs 0.10 ± 0.04 ng/mL; P 〈 0.001). Seven days after successful DC cardioversion, the patients' serum HGF levels had decreased significantly (0.16 ± 0.07 vs 0.12 ± 0.06 ng/mL; P 〈 0.05) and in the 24 patients maintaining sinus rhythm 1 month after DC cardioversion, serum HGF levels decreased to control values (0.10 ± 0.08 ng/mL at 1 month). Serum HGF levels of the 15 patients who had relapsed into atrial fibrillation 1 month after DC cardioversion tended to decrease 7 days after DC cardioversion, but increased again 1 month after DC cardioversion. Percentage changes in FBF between baseline and the highest dose of acetylcholine before and after DC cardioversion were 180 ± 98 and 323 ± 196%, respectively (P = 0.0051). The rate of increase in FBF at the highest dose of acetylcholine between before and after DC cardioversion correlated negatively with the rate of decrease in serum HGF levels between before and after DC cardioversion (r = −0.837; P = 0.0025).4. This study is the first to demonstrate that serum HGF levels increase in atrial fibrillation and decrease after successful DC cardioversion. This may reflect the fact that atrial fibrillation induces vascular endothelial injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.03970.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitric Oxide-Mediated Vasodilatory Effect Of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide In Forearm Vessels Of Healthy Humans (2002)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the vasorelaxant effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is, in part, endothelium dependent in humans.2. We used veno-occlusive plethysmography to measure forearm blood flow (FBF) during intra-arterial infusions of ANP (4, 8, 16, 32 pmol/min per dL forearm tissue volume) before and after the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA; 100 μmol) in seven normal healthy subjects.3. Atrial natriuretic peptide caused a dose-dependent increase in FBF both before and after L-NMMA and significantly reduced the plasma concentration of angiotensin (Ang) II. Administration of L-NMMA significantly diminished the increase in FBF in response to ANP infusion (P 〈 0.05).4. These results suggest that the forearm vasodilatative response to ANP is modulated, in part, by an endothelium-derived NO-mediated mechanism associated with a decrease in AngII caused by ANP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03597.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Troponin T In The Coronary Sinus And Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Related Myocardial Injury (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Myocardial injury has been shown to be associated with successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The present study was designed to determine whether uncomplicated successful PTCA results in myocardial injury by measuring coronary sinus (CS) cardiac troponin T (cTnT).2. We measured cTnT in the CS and the femoral vein (FV) in 16 patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent uncomplicated PTCA for stenotic lesions of the left anterior descending artery. Blood samples were drawn from both the CS and FV before and immediately after PTCA and every 4 h for the next 12 h.3. All patients had chest pain and electrocardiographic ST segment elevation or depression during balloon inflation and higher peak elevation of cTnT in the CS than in the FV (0.054±0.059 vs 0.036±0.022 ng/mL; P 〈 0.05). However, all CS cTnT levels were within the normal range over the 12 h period.4. The fact that CS cTnT measurements showed no evidence of uncomplicated PTCA-related myocardial injury led us to conclude that uncomplicated successful PTCA does not cause myocardial injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03196.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Koch's Triangle Sized Up: Anatomical Landmarks in Perspective of Catheter Ablation Procedures (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Koch's triangle contains the compact part of the atrioventricular node and is anatomically delineated by the Eustachian ridge, the membranous septum, and the insertion of the tricuspid valve. In-feriorly, Koch's triangle ends at the site of the OS of the coronary sinus and, in part, is continuous with the sub-Eustachian pouch. Catheter ablation procedures for several types of reentrant tachycardias are based on identifying these anatomical landmarks. Variability in the dimensions of Koch's triangle thus may be clinically relevant. We examined 50 hearts. Anatomical landmarks measured were the Eustachian ridge, the tricuspid valve, the overall length between the membranous septum and the coronary sinus, the width of the coronary sinus, the Eustachian ridge in its roof and the distance to the tricuspid valve, and that of the sub-Eustachian pouch. Individual variations were marked. The mean values (± SD) were: Eustachian ridge 29.4 ± 5.3 mm. tricuspid valve 28.9 ± 4.5 mm, coronary sinus 10.8 ± 2.2 mm, Eustachian ridge 3.7 ± 2.3 mm, space underneath coronary sinus 8.6 ± 3.4 mm, and sub-Eustachian pouch 26.8 ± 3.3 mm. The overall length varied between 15 and 38 mm, with a mean of 26.3 ± 4.5. In conclusion, Koch's triangle shows considerable individual variations in size. Given the fact that the absolute figures for the range in size of the compact atrioventricular node is much less than that of Koch's triangle, these variations have implications for catheter ablation procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00242.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent trends of industrial catalysts for resid hydroprocessing in Japan (1998)
    Springer
    Catalysis surveys from Japan 2 (1998), S. 87-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8803
    Keywords: hydrodesulfurization ; hydrodemetallation ; hydroconversion ; hydrocracking ; hydroprocessing ; hydrotreating ; alumina ; asphaltene ; sepiolite ; zeolite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract To meet the gradual changes in petroleum demand, in particular a reduced demand for heavy fuel oil, advanced technology for resid hydroprocessing is now extremely necessary. The catalyst technology for resid hydroprocessing in Japan, especially fixed bed type of hydrodesulfurization and hydroconversion, is reviewed in this article.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019018206430
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