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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zeta-chain-associated protein-70 molecule is essential for the proliferation and the final maturation of dendritic epidermal T cells (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 14 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  Adult murine epidermis contains members of the epithelial γδ T-cell family called dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs). Their development and maturation have been the subjects of investigations, but the details are still unclear. T-cell receptor (TCR) zeta-chain-associated protein-70 (ZAP-70), one of the protein tyrosine kinases required for TCR signaling, plays a pivotal role in the development of αβ T cells. In mice lacking ZAP-70, thymic development of αβ T cells was completely arrested at the immature CD4+CD8+ TCRlow stage. Here, we examined whether or not the development and maturation of DETCs were altered in ZAP-70-deficient mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of epidermal sheets revealed that the number of DETCs was reduced and their characteristic dendrites were lost or markedly shortened in ZAP-70–/– mice. In flow cytometric analyses, the expression levels of γδ TCR and Thy-1.2 on the ZAP-70–/– DETCs were lower than those on ZAP-70+/– DETCs. The expression of a very early activation antigen, CD69, was not detected on ZAP-70–/– DETCs, whereas CD69 was expressed on ZAP-70+/– DETCs. Furthermore, ZAP-70–/– DETCs showed markedly reduced proliferation and no IL-2 gene expression in response to anti-CD3ε or concanavalin A stimulation. These results suggest that ZAP-70 is essential for TCR signaling which induces the proliferation and the final maturation of DETCs in the epidermis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00264.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dermal connective tissue metabolism in photoageing (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Australasian journal of dermatology 39 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-0960
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The term photoageing describes the clinical and histological cutaneous changes that are the consequence of repeated chronic sun exposures and are qualitatively different from those observed in chronological ageing. The connective tissue of the skin is composed mainly of collagen, glycosaminoglycans and elastin and, thus, alterations of these components in photoageing are briefly reviewed in the present article. Collagen changes in photoageing are partly explained by crosslinks as well as the unbalanced regulation of collagen production and breakdown. Some visible skin changes can be induced by the consequence of dermal glycosaminoglycans, because the total amount, as well as the composition of the main disaccharide units, is significantly altered in the exposed sites of both aged people and photoaged mice. As for the mechanism of solar elastosis, increased elastin mRNA levels resulting from transcriptional up-regulation of the gene have been reported. Taken together, all components of the dermal connective tissue are affected by chronic actinic damage; however, further in vitro investigation is required to unmask the exact events in photoageing. With regard to this, our novel three-dimensional culture system should be of great help because it mimics the in vivo condition by sell producing the extracellular matrices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-0960.1998.tb01235.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewisx in colorectal cancer metastasis (1997)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 40 (1997), S. 420-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colorectal cancer ; Prognostic factor ; Metastasis ; Sialyl Lewis x antigen ; Sialyl Lewis a antigen ; Fucosyltransferase ; MUC1 ; MUC2
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Recognition of metastatic tumor cells with distinct biochemical phenotypes predominant in the primary tumors should be useful not only for establishment of new therapeutic approaches but also for identification of highrisk or low-risk patients for relapse. We examined whether carbohydrate antigens, sialyl Lewisx (sLex) and sialyl Lewisa (sLea) are involved in colorectal cancer metastasis. METHODS: Metastatic abilities of human colon cancer cell variants that were selected for their high or low cell surface levels of sLex (KM12-HX and KM12-LX, respectively) were analyzed. Also, immunohistochemical expressions of sLex and sLea in 159 primary colorectal cancers were examined to determine the clinical significance of increased expression of these antigens. RESULTS: KM12-HX cells adhered more readily to tumor necrosis factor-α activated endothelial cells than did KM12-LX cells. Increased adhesion of KM12-HX cells to activated endothelial cells was inhibited by antibodies against E-selectin and sLex and by modification of cell surface carbohydrates. KM12-HX cells showed more invasive ability in vitro and more metastatic potential in the liver of nude mice than KM12-LX cells. Although no difference was seen in the expression of six messenger ribonucleic acids corresponding to progression or metastasis of colorectal cancer, expression of fucosyltransferase was found to be responsible for the higher expression of sLex in KM12-HX cells. Clinical records of patients showed that disease-free survival rate of patients with sLex-positive tumors was significantly poorer than that of those with sLex-negative tumors. Cox's multivariate analysis revealed that the sLex status was an independent predictive factor for disease recurrence (P = 0.004), depth of invasion (P = 0.0005), and histologic type〉 (P = 0.037), but sLea status, age, gender, tumor location, N stage, and vessel invasion were not. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of sLex could be involved in establishment of colorectal cancer metastasis. It appears that examining sLex expression may serve as a potent marker of the recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258386
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extended surgery—Left upper abdominal exenteration plus Appleby's method—For type 4 gastric carcinoma (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 4 (1997), S. 209-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Scirrhous gastric cancer ; Extended surgery ; Left upper abdominal exenteration ; Appleby's method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The prognosis after surgical treatment for type 4 gastric cancer, including linitis plastica, remains poor. The most frequent recurrence mode is retroperitoneal involvement. To remove the tumor and microinvasion surrounding the stomach, extended surgery, left upper abdominal exenteration plus the Appleby's method (LUAE + Apl), has been performed for type 4 cancers since 1983. Patients and Methods: A total of 54 patients with type 4 cancer underwent extended surgery (LUAE + Apl) over the past 11 years. In the LUAE + Apl surgical procedure, the whole stomach, pancreas body and tail, spleen, gallbladder, transverse colon, and left adrenal were removed en bloc. The results of this treatment are reported and the most beneficial application of this procedure (group A) is evaluated and compared with findings in similar patients who underwent common surgery between 1973 and 1983 (group B). Results: As postoperative complications, pancreatic fistula (30%; control 19%), liver dysfunction (15%; 14%), anastomosis failure (6%; 9%), and infection (4%; 1%) were observed (NS). In group A, one patient died of liver dysfunction and another of multiple organ failure due to major pancreatic fistula. In stage III, the 5-year survival rate of group A (40%) was better than that of group B (20%; p〈0.05). In stage IV, the 5-year survival rate of group A (5%; 3% in group B) was not improved. Conclusion: LUAE + Apl improved the survival of patients with scirrhous cancer in stage III, but it was not effective for those in stage IV. To improve the survival of patients in stage IV, a new concept of treatment and supportive therapy needs to be used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02306612
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total Gastrectomy With Dissection of Lymph Nodes Along the Splenic Artery: A Pancreas-Preserving Method (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 7 (2000), S. 669-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Stomach cancer ; Pancreatosplenectomy ; Lymph nodes along the splenic artery ; Pancreas-preserving dissection ; Splenectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: In Japan, the tail and body of the pancreas are generally removed for dissection of lymph nodes along the splenic artery. A new pancreas-preserving method was developed to decrease the postoperative complications due to pancreatic resection. Patients and Methods: Between 1981 and 1989, 110 patients were registered in a randomized controlled trial, which included total gastrectomy plus dissection of lymph node along the splenic artery, either with (55 patients: Group A) or without (55: Group B) pancreas tail resection. In Group B, the splenic artery and spleen were removed and the pancreas was preserved. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of sex, age, location, microscopic classification, or disease stage. The postoperative complications and survival rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The average number of dissected nodes along the splenic artery was 4.6 and 4.1 for Groups A and B, respectively. The amounts of blood loss during the operation were 994 ml and 904 ml for groups A and B, respectively. Anastomosis failure and/or pancreatic fistula occurred in nine patients in Group A (16%) and seven in Group B (13%). One year after the operation, a glucose tolerance test showed diabetes in 6% and impaired glucose tolerance in 33% of patients in group A, while these findings were normal in group B. The 5-year survival rates were 80% and 76.7% for groups A and B, respectively. Conclusions: The pancreas-preserving method described here was superior to the more common pancreas resecting method with regard to surgical risk and postoperative glucose tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10434-000-0669-6
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II Study of Limited Surgery for Early Gastric Cancer: Segmental Gastric Resection (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 6 (1999), S. 166-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Early gastric cancer ; Limited operation ; Nerve preservation ; Segmental resection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Endoscopic resection for treatment of early gastric cancer (EGC) is widely performed. Recently, however, surgeons began performing a limited operation for EGC when endoscopic resection was not indicated. This report discusses the surgical technique and the results of the limited operation, which is generally referred to as “segmental resection” (SR). Methods: Since 1990, a total of 50 patients with intramucosal invasive EGC of the middle stomach underwent SR. The procedure included a limited gastrectomy, limited lymph node dissection, and preservation of the vagal nerve. We examined the surgical risk, postoperative complications, and patient survival rates and compared the results for the SR-treated patients (group A) with results for patients with EGC who underwent subtotal gastrectomy and systemic lymph node dissection (group B). Results: Blood loss was less in group A (239±180 ml) than in group B (342±176 ml) (P〈.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was also lower in group A (2.0%) than in group B (14.0%) (P〈.05). The incidence of postoperative cholelithiasis was lower in group A (4.0%) than in group B (18.0%) (P〈.05). All patients in both groups are alive without recurrence. Conclusions: Compared with distal gastrectomy, SR for EGC of the middle stomach decreased the surgical risk and postoperative complications without increasing the recurrence rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10434-999-0166-5
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased endothelial cell retraction and tumor cell invasion by soluble factors derived from pancreatic cancer cells (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 4 (1997), S. 361-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Invasion ; Metastasis ; Endothelial cell retraction ; Pancreatic cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Tumor cells induce endothelial cell retraction before invasion. In pancreatic cancer cells, the factors affecting endothelial cell retraction are not well-understood. Methods: The activities of the endothelial cell retraction in conditioned media (CM) derived from three human pancreatic cancer cell lines, PSN-1, MiaPaca-2, and Capan-1, were measured for the amount of intercellular junctional transport of FITC dextran through an endothelial cell monolayer in a transwell cell culture system. Results: The CM derived from the three pancreatic cancer cells induced endothelial cell retraction. The endothelial cell retraction activity in the CM from PSN-1 cells was significantly higher than those from MiaPaca-2 and Capan-1 cells. The CM from PSN-1 cells enhanced both the adhesion and the invasion of MiaPaca-2 and Capan-1 cells. The factors with endothelial cell retraction activity in the CM from PSN-1 cells were characterized as heat-stable, trypsin-sensitive glycoproteins ranging from 10,000 to 50,000 in molecular weight, and were found both in heparinbound and unbound fractions. Conclusions: PSN-1 cells produced and secreted at least two factors inducing the endothelial cell retraction. The factors could play an important role in the establishment of invasion and metastasis of PSN-1 cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02303588
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limited surgery for early gastric cancer in cardia (1998)
    Springer
    Annals of surgical oncology 5 (1998), S. 338-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Keywords: Early gastric cancer ; Cardia cancer ; Limited operation ; Fundectomy ; Total gastrectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Because there are some difficulties with the diagnosis of invasion or the endoscopic resection technique, almost all gastric tumors are resected surgically. Surgeons now are performing a limited operation for early gastric cancer of the upper stomach (EGCUS) without lymph node metastasis. This paper discusses and evaluates the surgical technique and the results of the limited operation for EGCUS. Patients and Methods: Since 1988, a total of 34 patients with EGCUS, diagnosed as intramucosal invasion, have undergone a limited operation—fundectomy—which includes a limited proximal gastrectomy, a limited lymph node dissection, and a procedure preserving the vagal nerve. The surgical risk, postoperative complications, and survival rates of the fundectomy patients (group A) were compared with those of patients undergoing a total gastrectomy for EGCUS (group B). Results: Blood loss was lower in group A (300±193 mL) than in group B (555±316 mL) (P〈.05). The incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula also was lower in group A (0%) than in group B (15.0%) (P〈.05). All patients in both groups (except one who died of a cerebral infarction) are alive without recurrence. Conclusion: Compared to the results of a total gastrectomy, performance of a limited fundectomy for EGCUS decreased surgical risk and postoperative complications without decreasing the survival rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02303497
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The risk of second malignancy after adjuvant chemotherapy for stomach cancer (1999)
    Springer
    Gastric cancer 2 (1999), S. 206-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3305
    Keywords: Key words: second malignancy, adjuvant chemotherapy, stomach cancer, 5-fluorouracil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. Although many trials have been conducted to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for patients with stomach cancer, the benefits of ACT remain unclear. Moreover, some authors have reported that ACT increased the incidence of second malignancy. The risk of second malignancy was evaluated in patients who underwent treatment for stomach cancer in the past 20 years at Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. Methods. The study population consisted of 1925 patients who underwent gastrectomies for stomach cancer between the years 1978 and 1992 and who received follow-up examinations to check for second malignancies. They included 1114 patients who underwent surgery only (group A) and 811 who underwent surgery and received chemotherapy (group B). The observed incidence of second malignancy (O) was compared with the expected incidence (E), calculated by the person-year method, using data from the Cancer Registry in Osaka. Results. The average follow-up period was 7.99 years. The total number of patients with a second malignancy was 127 (men, 97; women, 30); 72 patients had the second malignancy in digestive organs; 27 in respiratory organs; and 28 in other organs. The relative risks of a second malignancy in group A and B patients were 1.05 and 1.02 (differences between the two groups were not significant). The relative risks of a second malignancy in patients who received ACT with 5-fluorouracil, Tegafur and Uracil, and FT207 were 0.79, 1.01, and 1.06, respectively (differences between the groups were not significant). Conclusion. The risk of second malignancy after chemotherapy for stomach cancer was not high in comparison with the expected incidence. Adjuvant chemotherapy did not increase the risk of a second malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101200050064
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple gastrinoma successfully resected with the aid of intraoperative arterial secretin injection test (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery 3 (1996), S. 181-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: multiple gastrinoma ; selective arterial secretin injection (SASI) test ; microgastrinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Since gastrinoma is likely to develop in multiple sites, we should pay special attention to the removal of all daughter tumors, as well as the main tumor, during surgery for this disease. In a 24-year-old woman with pituitary prolactinoma, multiple gastrinomas were detected in a limited area of the pancreaticoduodenal region by preoperative imaging techniques, selective arterial secretin injection (SASI) test, and intraoperative inspection using ultrasonography. A pancreatoduodenectomy was performed, and it was intraoperatively confirmed that the serum gastrin concentration in the portal vein had decreased from 753 to 83 pg/ml (normal,〈120pg/ml). However, intraoperative SASI test for the remnant pancreas showed a positive response, which prompted us to perform a histological examination of frozen sections obtained from the body and tail of the pancreas, despite the normal appearance. Many islet cell microtumors were discovered, and the remnant pancreas was completely removed. Postoperativelly, all of the tumors were immunohistochemically proven to be microgastrinomas. The patient is still disease-free, 2 years after the surgery, with a serum gastrin level of less than 30pg/ml. This report stresses the role of the intraoperative SASI test in preventing residual microgastrinomas before closure of the abdomen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02350931
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