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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistence of contact allergy among Danish adults: an 8-year follow-up study (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Contact dermatitis 45 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In 1990, a random sample of 567 persons of the 15–69-year-old population living in the Western part of Copenhagen County, Denmark, was patch tested in a cross-sectional study. In 1998, a follow-up study was performed. Out of 540 invited, 365 (68%) were re-patch tested. In the follow-up study, the persistence of allergic contact sensitivity, defined as 1 or more positive patch tests in both surveys, was 71% (37 out of 52 subjects). Nickel allergy persisted in 79% (19 out of 24 subjects), while 60% (21 out of 35 subjects) had a positive patch test reaction to 1 or more allergens, other than nickel, in both surveys. The lowest persistence was 50% (5 out of 10 subjects) and this was found for patch test reactivity to 1 or more of the cosmetic ingredients included in the patch test series. 8 years after the baseline study had demonstrated allergic contact sensitivity, 71% of the subjects still had at least 1 positive patch test. Nickel allergy persisted in 79%. Allergen avoidance should probably be lifelong to prevent elicitation of contact dermatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.450606.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T Helper Lymphocytes Recognize the VL Domain of the Isologous Mouse Myeloma Protein 315 (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 10 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The localization of a major determinant on an isologous myeloma protein (M315) which stimulates BALB/c helper T cells was investigated. Augmentation of the adoptive secondary antibody response to NIP-M315 and the idiotype of M315 (ld315) was used as an indicator of helper effects. Spleen cells primed with the light chain of M315 (L315) and its V-domain (VL315) were highly efficient helpers; priming with the fragment containing the two V-domains of M315 (Fv315) induced a somewhat weaker helper effect than L315 or VL315. The helper effect was abolished or markedly reduced by treating the primed cells with rabbit anti-brain theta + C. Cells primed with the heavy chain of M315 (H315) effected weak but significant help. The V-domain of H315 (VH315) was incapable of eliciting cells with detectable helper effect. The data indicate that the VL315 embodies a major determinant for T helper lymphocytes. This determinant is expressed on the free VL315 as well as on the complete M315. In contrast, previous studies have shown that BALB/c antibodies produced against Id315 recognize antigenic sites that are only displayed on associated (VL315 VH315) domains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1979.tb01357.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pets in the home and the development of pet allergy in adulthood. The Copenhagen Allergy Study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the association between exposure to cat and dog in the home and the development (incidence) of IgE sensitization to cat and dog.Methods: Participants in a population-based study of 15–69-year-olds in 1990 were invited to a follow-up in 1998. Serum IgE antibodies against common inhalant allergens was assessed in 734 subjects (participation rate 69.0%) on two occasions 8 years apart. Information about current or previous keeping of cats and dogs in the home was obtained in a questionnaire at baseline.Results: A cat in the home currently was significantly associated with the development of IgE sentisization to cat (adjusted odds ratio 8.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–42.7). Moreover, an atopic predisposition in terms of IgE sensitization to allergens other than cat at baseline was an independent risk factor for the development of IgE sensitization to cat. A dog in the home was not significantly associated with the development of IgE sensitization to dog.Conclusions: In this adult population, exposure to a cat in the home increased the risk of developing IgE sensitization to cat. More prospective data are needed on this issue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.23639.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The link between allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma: A prospective population-based study. The Copenhagen Allergy Study (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: It has been hypothesized that allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma are manifestations of the same disease entity. We aimed to investigate the relationship between allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma.Methods: Participants in a population-based study of 15–69-year-olds in 1990 were invited to a follow-up in 1998. A total of 734 subjects were examined on two occasions eight years apart. Allergic rhinitis to pollen was defined as a history of nasal symptoms on exposure to pollens and IgE specific to pollen. Allergic asthma to pollen was defined as a history of lower airway symptoms on exposure to pollens and IgE specific to pollen. Similarly, diagnoses of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma to animals or mite were defined.Results: At follow-up, all subjects with allergic asthma to pollen (n = 52) had in addition allergic rhinitis to pollen. In the longitudinal analysis, there were a total of 28 new (incident) cases of allergic asthma to pollen. They all had allergic rhinitis to pollen at baseline, or had developed allergic rhinitis to pollen at follow-up. Accordingly, allergic rhinitis to animals and mite were ubiquitous in subjects with allergic asthma to animals and mite, respectively.Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis that allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma are manifestations of the same disease entity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23664.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunization with the Light Chain and the VL Domain of the Isologous Myeloma Protein 315 Inhibits Growth of Mouse Plasmacytoma MOPC315 (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 11 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Prior immunization of BALB/c mice with free light chains from myeloma proein 315 (VL315) and its variable domain (VL3l5) inhibited the growth of subcutaneously injected MOPC315 tumour cells. The growth suppression observed after immunization with L315 was equivalant to that which resulted from immunization with the complete M315. VL315 and non-polymerized L315 did not elicit specific antibodies. Polymerized L315; induced both suppression of MOPC315 growth and antibodies specific for free L315; however, these anybodies did not rect with the complete M315, nor were they absorbed by MOPC315 tumour cells. the data indicated that the suppression of tumour growth was mediated by specifically sensitized cells acting in the absence of antibodies against M3l5 or L315. Immunization with the variable domain of the heavy chain from M315 (VH315) had no effect on the growth of MOPC315, the M315 fragment and subunits that induced growth suppression were thus identical with those capable of inducing T helper cells in BALB/c mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1980.tb00205.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of water velocity on photosynthesis and dark respiration in submerged stream macrophytes (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 16 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of flow velocities on dark respiration and net photosynthesis of eight submerged stream macrophytes were examined in a laboratory oxygen chamber. The shoots/leaves were exposed to saturating free-CO2 concentrations and were attached basally so that they could move in the flowing water. Net photosynthesis declined by 34–61% as flow velocity increased from 1 to 8.6cm s−1, while dark respiration increased 2.4-fold over the same range. The increase in dark respiration could only account for between 19 and 67% of the decrease in net photosynthesis. The relationship between flow velocity (U) and net photosynthesis (P) was described by: P=b×Ua. The exponent, a, varied from -0.20 to –0.48 and showed a negative correlation to the surface: volume (SA: V) ratio of the plants, i.e. species with high SA: V ratio were more sensitive to flow. In contrast, net photosynthesis of plants firmly attached to a supporting frame was not significantly affected by increasing flow velocity. This result indicates that the physical stress imposed on the plants by agitation or stretching in the flowing water is a key factor for the observed response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00875.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CD40 is Necessary for Activation of Naïve T Cells by a Dendritic Cell Line In Vivo but not In Vitro (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The importance of CD40–CD40L interactions during CD4+ T-cell activation has been extensively investigated over the years; however, it still remains questionable whether the interaction is a prerequisite for dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antigen-specific priming in vivo. Naïve CD4+ T cells require two signals for proper activation and induction of differentiation: signal 1 is provided by peptide antigens in the context of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, while signal 2 is delivered by costimulatory molecules such as CD80 or CD86 present on the antigen-presenting cell (APC). It is well known that the expression of CD80/CD86 is upregulated after interaction between CD40 on APCs and CD40L expressed by at least partly activated T cells. We used a DC line, JawsII, to compare the importance of CD40 expression and downstream signalling in vitro and in vivo. JawsII cells represent pre-immature bone marrow-derived DCs expressing low levels of MHC molecules, low levels of B7 molecules and no CD40. We have previously shown that JawsII cells, despite the lack of CD40 expression, are capable of priming naïve allogeneic T cells in vitro. In correlation with the current literature, we present data showing that constitutive expression of CD40 significantly increases the priming capacity of JawsII cells in vitro. In addition, we show that CD40 expression is required for JawsII cell-dependent T-cell priming in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01390.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of an Immortalized APC Cell Line with Both Cytokines and LPS Ensures Effective T-Cell Activation In Vitro (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 56 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are crucial for the generation of a functional immune response to pathogens. Furthermore, there is abundant evidence for their importance in primary T-cell activation, B-cell maturation and maintenance of an ongoing immune response. In the present study, we have analysed phenotypic characteristics and functionality of a p53-deficient APC cell line (JawsII) derived from mouse bone marrow culture. We show that unstimulated JawsII cells express low surface levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and costimulatory molecules, both of which can be upregulated upon treatment with cytokines in vitro. Cytokine stimulation also leads to an enhanced T-cell activation capacity but has only little effect on cytokine release by the JawsII cells themselves. On the contrary, stimulation of the JawsII cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to the production and secretion of high amounts of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) but no increase in the surface levels of MHC and costimulatory molecules, and has only little effect on the T-cell activation capacity. Our data suggest that the effects observed upon treatment with cytokines or LPSs are complementary, and that both stimuli are needed for mediating a strong and efficient JawsII cell-dependent T-cell activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01166.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of BALB/c Anti-Idiotypic Antibodies Against the BALB/c Myeloma Protein 315 Does Not Require an Intact Ligand-Binding Site (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 6 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine whether the ligand-binding site of the BALB/c myeloma 315 is essential for the anti-idiotypic response in syngeneic animals, 17 BALB/c mice were immunized with M315 that had been affinity-labeled with bromo-acetyl-DNP-L-lysine (BADL). Essentially all the active sites of M315 were blocked by the affinity label. Fourteen mice produced antibodies that reacted with an idiotypic determinant localized in the Fv fragment of M315, but this idiotype was not part of the DNP-lysine-binding site, and it was absent from L315 and H315 chains. Two groups of BALB/c mice were immunized with nonaffitinity-labeled M315, to determine whether the same idiotype was recognized with this immunogen. All animals in the group that received the most prolonged immunization produced antibodies that could be divided in two populations: about 75% were directed against the site-associated idiotype, and the rest reacted with the nonsite idiotype. The other group produced antibodies exclusively specific for the site. Thus, the site-associated idiotype of M315 is not essential for the antibody response of BALB/c mice against M315, and M315 carries at least two different idiotypes that can be recognized by B cells of syngeneic animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1977.tb00399.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship of alcohol consumption to total immunoglobulin E and the development of immunoglobulin E sensitization: the Copenhagen Allergy Study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Several studies in patient populations have reported a positive association between alcohol consumption and serum total IgE. Furthermore, we have previously reported a positive association between alcohol consumption and the prevalence of skin prick test (SPT positivity) to inhalant allergens in a population-based cross-sectional study.Objective To investigate the relationship of alcohol consumption to levels of serum total IgE and the development of IgE sensitization to inhalant allergens.Methods In 1990, self-reported consumption of alcohol, serum total IgE, SPT positivity and specific IgE positivity to inhalant allergens were assessed in 1112 subjects, aged 15–69 years, participating in a population-based cross-sectional study in Copenhagen, Denmark. In 1998, they were invited to a follow-up and 734 were re-examined (participation rate 69.0%). Adjustment for potential confounders was performed by using multivariable regression analyses.Results In non-atopic (specific IgE negative) subjects there was a positive association between alcohol consumption and the concentration of total IgE (P = 0.001). During the follow-up period, 45 and 33 subjects developed SPT positivity and specific IgE positivity, respectively. There was no significant association between alcohol consumption and the development of SPT positivity or specific IgE positivity. However, the risk of developing SPT positivity tended to increase with increasing consumption of alcohol (P = 0.055).Conclusions This epidemiological study confirms that alcohol consumption has an influence on levels of serum total IgE. A significant association between alcohol consumption and the development of IgE sensitization was not established. However, there seems to be a lack epidemiological data on this issue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01515.x
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