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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN THE THIRD WORLD An edited version of a discussion which took place at the Technical Meeting of the Society on 13th December, 1977. (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 9 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: A panel of speakers, knowledgeable in the problems of photogrammetry in the Third World, led a discussion which considered the place of sophisticated photogrammetric equipment in the Third World, problems of technician and management training, the desire for self reliance, and the needs of map revision.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméUne confrontation entre photogrammètres sur le sujet photogrammétrie et tiers-monde; équipement, instruction des techniciens, problèmes d'organisation, désir d'autonomie, révision des cartes.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungEin Forum von Kennern der Probleme der Dritten Welt führte eine Diskussion über den Platz moderner Geräteausrüstungen in diesen Ländern, über Probleme der Ausbildung von Technikern und Führungskadern und erörterte den Wunsch nach Selbstbestätigung und die Notwendigkeit zur Laufendhaltung von Karten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1978.tb00446.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymes of Cerebral GABA Metabolism and Synaptosomal GABA Uptake in Acute Liver Failure in the Rabbit: Evidence for Decreased Cerebral GABA-Transaminase Activity (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 42 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Measurements of the activities of the two key enzymes in cerebral GABA metabolism—glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and GABA-transaminase (GABA-T)—were performed in normal rabbits and in rabbits with hepatic encephalopathy due to galactosamine-induced liver failure. Furthermore the uptake of GABA by synaptosomes was studied. Hepatic encephalopathy was associated with a marked decrease in the activity of GAB A-T. This decrease in activity was already apparent in galactosamine-treated rabbits before the onset of hepatic encephalopathy. Sera and serum ultrafiltrates of rabbits with hepatic encephalopathy but not of normal rabbits or of rabbits with uremic encephalopathy were shown to inhibit GABA-T activity in vitro. Cerebral GAD activity and synaptosomal GABA uptake in rabbits with hepatic encephalopathy and in untreated animals were not different. These later findings indicate that hepatic encephalopathy is not associated with alterations of presynaptic GABA nerve terminals in the central nervous system. The demonstration of a decrease in cortical GABA-T activity provides indirect evidence for decreased GABA turnover in the brains of rabbits with hepatic encephalopathy and thus is compatible with augmented GABA-ergic inhibitory neurotransmission contributing to the neural inhibition of hepatic encephalopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb02816.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is there an optimal therapeutic regimen for antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis (autoimmune cholangitis)? (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Testing for antimitochondrial antibodies is the most useful laboratory procedure in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis; nevertheless, 5–10% of patients with typical features of primary biliary cirrhosis do not have detectable antimitochondrial antibodies, their condition being referred to as antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis or ‘autoimmune cholangitis’. Uncertainty exists whether antimitochondrial antibody-positive and -negative primary biliary cirrhosis represent distinct entities.We reviewed studies that compared: (i) the clinical, laboratory and histological characteristics of antimitochondrial antibody-positive and -negative primary biliary cirrhosis; (ii) the response to treatment of both conditions; and (iii) the response of autoimmune cholangitis to ursodeoxycholic acid and immunosuppressive therapy. Antimitochondrial antibody-positive and -negative primary biliary cirrhosis were characterized by similar clinical, laboratory and histological abnormalities, clinical course and survival.Antimitochondrial antibody status did not seem to affect the response to ursodeoxycholic acid. At present, the efficacy of therapies for autoimmune cholangitis has not been established in controlled trials. Of 52 patients with autoimmune cholangitis treated with ursodeoxycholic acid in 13 uncontrolled studies, 83% had serum biochemical improvement. Also, a favourable effect of immunosuppressive drugs occurred in 57% of 54 patients with autoimmune cholangitis in 17 uncontrolled studies. Each of these trials included very few patients and most evaluated the effects of treatment on surrogate markers of disease only.No marker that consistently distinguished patients who would respond favourably to ursodeoxycholic acid or immunosuppression was apparent. Consequently, treatment is, at present, empirical. However, ursodeoxycholic acid may be given when histology reveals bile duct lesions, whereas immunosuppressive therapy should probably be reserved for patients exhibiting interface hepatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01381.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serological identification of HL-A-linked human ‘Ia-type’ antigens (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 650-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] By analogy with the mouse, human la antigens have been defined by mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) inhibition and by serological tests on HL-A identical unrelated individuals2"5. We describe here some new approaches to the ready identification of sera against la-type antigens in man which make use of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256650a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The β 2 -microglobulin gene is on chromosome 15 and not in the HL-A region (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 254 (1975), S. 267-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The genes controlling the HL-A determinants form part of a complex genetic region associated with immune functions including transplantation rejection, mixed lymphocyte culture stimulation, graft versus host response, cell mediated lympholysis, immune response and some complement functions (see ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/254267a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-ovalbumin monoclonal antibodies interact with their antigen in internal membranes of Xenopus oocytes (1982)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 300 (1982), S. 71-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To study the interaction of antibody and antigen we made use of Xenopus oocytes. These cells will faithfully export secretory proteins after injection of the encoding mRNAs7'8. Additionally both assembly and secretion of a mouse immuno-globulin, MOPC 21, have been shown to occur normally in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/300071a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of immunomodulating drugs on adjuvant-induced arthritis in Lewis rats (1989)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 27 (1989), S. 344-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cyclosporine A (CSA) and methotrexate (MTX) as potential immunomodulators in a nonestablished adjuvant arthritis (AA) model. Non-injected hind paw volumes were reduced when AA rats were treated for 18 dayswith CSA (100% at 10 mg/kg) or MTX (100% at 0.1 mg/kg). Body weights of drug treated AA rats were increased above untreated AA rats and were similar to non-arthritic controls. AA rats show elevated T helper (W3/25+)/T suppressor (OX 8+) cell ratios (2.0 vs. 3.1,p〈0.01). The immunomodulators tested all returned these elevated ratios to control non-arthritic levels. Similarly, these drugs returned the reduced mitogen responses and elevated blood granulocyte numbers toward normal non-arthritic control values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01972818
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesoderm induction in the future tail region of Xenopus (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 441-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Mesoderm ; Tail ; Xenopus ; Interspecific grafts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have used interspecific grafts between Xenopus borealis and Xenopus laevis to study the signalling system that produces tail mesoderm. Early gastrula ectoderm grafted into the posterior neural plate region of neurulae responds to a mesodermal inducing signal in this region and forms mainly tail somites; this signal persists until at least the early tail bud stage. Ventral ectoderm grafted into the posterior neural plate loses its competence to respond to this signal after stage 10 1/2. We have established the specification of anterior and posterior neural plate ectoderm. In ectodermal sandwiches or when grafted into unusual positions, anterior regions gave rise to mainly nervous system and posterior regions to large amounts of muscle, together with some nervous system. Thus it was impossible to assess the competence of posterior neural plate ectoderm to form further mesoderm and hence to establish if mesodermal induction continues during neurulation in unmanipulated embryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398996
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recommendations for the registration of new chemical entities used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 247-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298877
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flosequinan in chronic heart failure: how is exercise capacity improved? (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 51 (1996), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Flosequinan ; Heart failure; ACE inhibitor ; vasodilatation ; exercise capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and digoxin have become “standard” triple therapy for many patients with chronic cardiac failure. Flosequinan increases exercise duration and improves symptoms when added to standard triple therapy. Despite intensive study, the clinical pharmacology of flosequinan remains uncertain. Setting: The University Hospital of Wales, a Regional Cardiac Centre. Patients: Twenty four patients with chronic heart failure who remained symptomatic despite standard therapy including ACE inhibitors Methods: A double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group study of 100 mg daily of flosequinan. We measured changes in exercise duration using cardiorespiratory exercise testing and changes in large artery distensibility using Doppler ultrasound. Results: Exercise duration after 8 weeks flosequinan treatment was significantly greater than following placebo treatment. The flosequinan-related increase in exercise duration (+14%) was associated with a significant reduction in VE/VCO2 slope (−16%). Brachial-radial pulse wave velocities were unaltered by flosequinan treatment. Conclusions: Our results confirm that flosequinan improves exercise duration in patients with chronic heart failure. They suggest that this observed beneficial effect is independent of any change in large artery distensibility and that in the presence of ACE inhibitors, this improvement may be independent of any vasodilating action of flosequinan. Although this study confirms the beneficial symptommatic effects of flosequinan in chronic cardiac failure, clinical trials have subsequently demonstrated an overall increase in mortality in patients treated with 100 mg flosequinan daily. This has resulted in the withdrawl of flosequinan from routine clinical use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050173
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