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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 27 (1993), S. 2466-2471 
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 26 (1992), S. 782-788 
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 28 (1994), S. 586-591 
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Suspension cultures of Datura innoxia cells were pulse-labeled with [35S]cysteine, then exposed to Cd to determine whether there is a direct precursor-product relationship amongst the different forms of the Cd-induced polypeptides, poly(γ-glutamylcysteinyl)glycines [(γEC)nG, n=2 to 5]. Degradation of the polypeptides and possible regeneration of the [35S]-labeled glutathione and cysteine pools were also examined. After 2 h of exposure to [35S]cysteine, about 70% of the [35S]cysteine in the soluble fraction of the cell was incorporated into [35S]glutathione before exposure of the cells to Cd. One h after Cd exposure, most of the cellular [35S]glutathione was depleted and label was incorporated into (γEC)nG. Analysis of [35S](γEC)nG by reverse phase HPLC showed no direct precursor-product relationship between the synthesis of the shorter and longer chain forms. However, the rate of synthesis of the different polypeptides was linear for 32 h after Cd exposure. There was no evidence of degradation of [35S](γEC)nG nor was it excreted into the medium within this period. From these results it is suggested that in the presence of Cd, a large pool of (γEC)nG is unavailable for elongation to (γEC)n+1G.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cadmium ; Datura innoxia ; gene expression ; heat shock ; tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of Cd on gene expression in suspension cultures of twoDatura innoxia cell lines with differing Cd tolerance was studied.In vivo labeling experiments using [3H] leucine showed that Cd induced the synthesis of a similar range of proteins in both cell lines at a concentration which will kill the sensitive but not the tolerant cells. Corresponding changes in levels of translatable mRNA were also observed. The induction of the synthesis of proteins by Cd was transient since Cd-tolerant cells growing continuously in 250 μM CdCl2 contained a similar set ofin vitro translation products to cells growing in the absence of Cd. Although Cd had a similar effect on gene expression in both cell lines, Cd-tolerant cells possess two abundant mRNAs which are constitutively produced. These mRNAs encode proteins of low molecular weight (about 11 kDa) and are either absent or present at a low level in Cd-sensitive cells. The functions of these proteins are not known but they may be involved in the tolerance mechanism. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ofin vitro translation products showed that many of the Cd-induced proteins are also induced by heat shock. A 42°C heat shock resulted in agreater range and more intense induction of translatable mRNAs than 4 h exposure to 250 μM CdCl2. However a subset of mRNAs were induced specifically by Cd while other mRNAs were heat shock-specific. There was no difference in the ability of the two cell lines to tolerate heat shock. This was also reflected by the same pattern of major proteins induced by heat shock in the two cell lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: biosynthesis of cadystin ; cadmium tolerance ; Class III metallothionein ; cysteine ; Datura innoxia ; glutathione ; iron accumulation ; phytochelatin ; poly (γ-glutamylcysteinyl)-glycine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Metal-tolerant Datura innoxia cells synthesize large amounts of cadystin, [poly(γ-glutamylcysteinyl) glycines, (γ-EC)nG, n=2–5], a class of metal-binding polypeptides, when exposed to Cd. These polypeptides have a high affinity for Cd (II) and certain other metal ions and are thought to play a role in metal tolerance in higher plants. Cells rapidly synthesize these metal-binding polypeptides when exposed to Cd and cellular concentrations of glutathione and cysteine, precursors for the synthesis of these compounds, are initially depleted then rapidly replenished. The time-frame of de novo polypeptide, glutathione and cysteine biosynthesis suggests that this pathway is, at least initially, regulated at the enzyme level. Significant amounts of Fe are associated with Cd: polypeptide complexes isolated from D. innoxia. Exposure of cultures to Cd results in an increased Fe accumulation by the cells. All the additional Fe found in the soluble portion of cell extracts is associated with the Cd: polypeptide complexes. The physiological significance of the synthesis of these polypeptides and their precursors and its relevance to Cd tolerance and metal homeostasis are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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