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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biologically erodable microspheres as potential oral drug delivery systems (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 386 (1997), S. 410-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Although hydrophilic polymers and hydrogels containing car-boxyl groups have traditionally been considered to be the best biological adhesives1"5, fast-degrading hydrophobic polymer micro-spheres containing surface carboxylic acid groups display the same properties7'8. Indeed, in a comparative ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386410a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On Prochlorothrix (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 338 (1989), S. 303-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIRâáá€In his News and Views article1, David Penny noted the conflicting results of two comparative biochemical studies of Prochlorothrix and other photosynthetic prokaryotes âáဠa study by Turner et al.2 on the 16S ribosomal RNA subunit and a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/338303b0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-walled polymer microspheres for controlled drug release (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 367 (1994), S. 258-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Microspheres containing several shells of different polymers can be produced by pan coating15, but this does not guarantee uniformly thick layers, which can have disastrous consequences for controlled release. In addition, the process adds a manufacturing step, with attendant quality-control ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/367258a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokine immunotherapy of cancer with controlled release biodegradable microspheres in a human tumor xenograft/SCID mouse model (1998)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 46 (1998), S. 21-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Cancer immunotherapy ; Cytokines ; Biodegradable microspheres ; SCID mice ; Human tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A novel biodegradable poly(lactic acid) microsphere formulation was evaluated for in vivo cytokine immunotherapy of cancer in a human tumor xenograft/severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model. Co-injection of interleukin-2 (IL-2)-loaded microspheres with tumor cells into a subcutaneous site resulted in the complete suppression of tumor engraftment in 80% of animals. In contrast, bovine-serum-albumin(BSA)-loaded particles or bolus injections of poly(ethylene glycol)/IL-2 were ineffective in preventing tumor growth. The antitumor effect of IL-2 released by the microspheres was shown to be mediated by the mouse natural killer cells. This is the first evidence that the rejection of human tumor xenografts can be provoked by the sustained in vivo delivery of IL-2 from biodegradable microspheres. The use of poly(lactic acid) microspheres to deliver cytokines to the tumor environment could provide a safer and simpler alternative to gene therapy protocols in the treatment of cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620050455
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Rhodopseudomonas viridis photosynthetic membrane: arrangement in situ (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 142 (1985), S. 333-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Photosynthesis ; Membrane structure ; Electron microscopy ; Photosynthetic bacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The organization of photosynthetic membranes in the cytoplasm of the photosynthetic bacterium Rh. viridis has been examined by several techniques for electron microscopy. Thin sections of membrane stacks show that the regular lattice of membrane subunits reported in other studies can be observed in thin section. Tilting of sections in the electron microscope shows that the regular lattices of several membranes overlap in a way that suggests they are in register with each other. This observation can be confirmed by freeze-fracture images in which a regular arrangement of membrane lattices can be observed, each perfectly aligned. Analysis of the spacings of membrane pairs shows that the photosynthetic membranes of Rh. viridis are very closely apposed. The mean diameter of two membranes is 160A, and the average space between two such membranes is only 42A. When a recently developed atomic level model of Rh. viridis reaction center is superimposed against these spacings, each reaction center extends from the surface of its respective membrane far enough to make contact with an apposing membrane. The limited free space between membranes and regular alignment of lattices has a number of implications for how this membrane is organized to carry out the process of energy transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491899
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heliobacterium chlorum: cell organization and structure (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 146 (1986), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Heliobacterium chlorum ; Membrane structure ; Freeze-fracture electron microscopy ; Cell wall structure ; Photosynthetic apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The basic cellular organization of Heliobacterium chlorum is described using the freeze-etching technique. Internal cell membranes have not been observed in most cells, leading to the conclusion that the photosynthetic apparatus of these organisms must be localized in the cell membrane of the bacterium. The two fracture faces of the cell membrane are markedly different. The cytoplasmic (PF) face is covered with densely packed particles averaging 8 nm in diameter, while the exoplasmic (EF) face contains far fewer particles, averaging approximately 10 nm in diameter. Although a few differentiated regions were noted within these fracture faces, the overall appearance of the cell membrane was remarkably uniform. The Heliobacterium chlorum cell wall is a strikingly regular structure, composed of repeating subunits arranged in a rectangular pattern at a spacing of 11 nm in either direction. We have isolated cell wall fragments by brief sonication in distilled water, and visualized the cell wall structure by negative staining as well as deep-etching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402335
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One-step preparation of double-walled microspheresThe polyanhydrides were a gift from NOVA. This work was supported by a grant from the Whitaker Foundation. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 684-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19940060916
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