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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallographic and fluorescence studies of the interaction of haloalkane dehalogenase with halide ions. Studies with halide compounds reveal a halide binding site in the active site (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 32 (1993), S. 9031-9037 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00086a008
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Site-Directed Mutagenesis and Oxygen Isotope Incorporation Studies of the Nucleophilic Aspartate of Haloalkane Dehalogenase (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 33 (1994), S. 1242-1247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00171a026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and characterization of a surface-binding protein from Lactobacillus fermentum RC-14 that inhibits adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis 1131 (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 190 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Lactobacilli have been shown to be important in the maintenance of the healthy urogenital flora. One strain, Lactobacillus fermentum RC-14, releases surface-active components which can inhibit adhesion of uropathogenic bacteria. Using a quantitative method for determining inhibition of adhesion, a protein with high anti-adhesive properties against Enterococcus faecalis 1131 was purified. The N-terminal sequence of the 29-kDa protein was identical to that of a collagen-binding protein from Lactobacillus reuteri NCIB 11951, and exhibited close homology with a basic surface protein from L. fermentum BR11. The results suggest that this anti-adhesive cell surface protein of Lactobacillus could protect against uropathogens by preventing their adhesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09282.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient recovery of environmental DNA for expression cloning by indirect extraction methods (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 44 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using direct and cell extraction-based (indirect) isolation methods, DNA was obtained from environmental samples with largely differing characteristics (loam soil, sand soil, sediment, activated sludge, and compost) and evaluated with respect to the comprised bacterial diversity and its suitability for expression cloning in Escherichia coli. Indirect DNA extraction methods yielded 10 to 100-fold lower amounts of DNA than direct procedures, but the bacterial diversity of DNA recovered by indirect means was distinctly higher as shown by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, much lower amounts of eukaryotic DNA were co-extracted if cell extraction-based methods were used (〈8% of eukaryotic DNA by indirect methods versus 61–93% by direct lysis protocols). Considering the higher purity, i.e. higher cloning efficiency of DNA isolated by indirect methods, similar numbers of clones carrying prokaryotic inserts could be produced by either strategy. Gene banks prepared from directly extracted DNA, however, are expected to contain large portions of clones with eukaryotic inserts, whereas those constructed from indirectly isolated DNA should mainly contain inserts of bacterial origin. As eukaryotic genetic information is generally not expressed in bacterial host organisms but increases the library size, our findings suggest that the use of indirect DNA isolation methods allows the construction of environmental gene banks of superior quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(02)00462-2
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of trans-1,2-dichloroethene by mixed and pure cultures of methanotrophic bacteria (1988)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 29 (1988), S. 392-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Out of seven chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons tested, only trans-1,2-dichloroethene was relatively non-toxic for a mixed methanotrophic culture. The compound was degraded at a rate of 0.4 μmol/mg protein·h-1 and liberation of inorganic chloride was observed. Trans-2,3-dichlorooxirane was formed as an intermediate which was converted further only by chemical transformation with a half life of 31 h. From the consortium, a pure culture was isolated and found to be capable of degradation of trans-1,2-dichloroethene when grown in the presence of methane or methanol. The ability of cometabolic degradation of this compound was not specific for this isolate, since Methylomonas methanica NCIB11130 and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b also showed degradation of trans-1,2-dichloroethene when grown with methane as sole carbon source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265825
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbiological aspects of the removal of chlorinated hydrocarbons from air (1993)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 4 (1993), S. 261-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: chlorinated hydrocarbons ; biodegradation ; biotransformation ; cometabolism ; gaseous emissions ; waste gas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Chlorinated hydrocarbons are widely used synthetic chemicals that are frequently present in industrial emissions. Bacterial degradation has been demonstrated for several components of this class of compounds. Structural features that affect the degradability include the number of chlorine atoms and the presence of oxygen substituents. Biological removal from waste streams of compounds that serve as a growth substrate can relatively easily be achieved. Substrates with more chlorine substituents can be converted cometabolically by oxidative routes. The microbiological principles that influence the biodegradability of chlorinated hydrocarbons are described. A number of factors that will determine the performance of microorganisms in systems for waste gas treatment is discussed. Pilot plant evaluations, including economics, of a biological trickling filter for the treatment of dichloromethane containing waste gas indicate that at least for this compound biological treatment is cost effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695974
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of carbon tetrachloride under sulfate reducing conditions (1997)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 8 (1997), S. 429-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: anaerobic biotransformation ; carbon tetrachloride ; electron donor ; sulfate reduction ; transformation products ; toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The removal of carbon tetrachloride under sulfate reducing conditions was studied in an an aerobic packed-bed reactor. Carbon tetrachloride, up to a concentration of 30 μM, was completely converted. Chloroform and dichloromethane were the main transformation products, but part of the carbon tetrachloride was also completely dechlorinated to unknown products. Gram-positive sulfate-reducing bacteria were involved in the reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride to chloroform and dichloromethane since both molybdate, an inhibitor of sulfate reduction, and vancomycin, an inhibitor of gram-positive bacteria completely inhibited carbon tetrachloride transformation. Carbon tetrachloride transformation by these bacteria was a cometabolic process and depended on the input of an electron donor and electron acceptor (sulfate). The rate of carbon tetrachloride transformation by sulfate reducing bacteria depended on the type of electron donor present. A transformation rate of 5.1 nmol·ml-1·h-1 was found with ethanol as electron donor. At carbon tetrachloride concentrations higher than18 μM, sulfate reduction and reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride decreased and complete inhibition was observed at a carbon tetrachloride concentration of 56.6 μM. It is not clear what type of microorganisms were involved in the observed partial complete dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride. Sulfate reducing bacteria probably did not play a role since inhibition of these bacteria with molybdate had no effect on the complete dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008262225760
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics and biochemistry of 1,2-dichloroethane degradation (1994)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 5 (1994), S. 249-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: chlorinated hydrocarbons ; biodegradation ; 1,2-dichloroethane ; alkanes ; Xanthobacter ; dehalogenase ; adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) is a synthetic compound that is not known to be formed naturally. Nevertheless, several pure microbial cultures are able to use it as a sole carbon source for growth. Degradation of 1,2-DCE proceeds via 2-chloroethanol, chloroacetaldehyde and chloroacetate to glycolate. The genes encoding the enzymes responsible for the conversion of 1,2-DCE to glycolic acid have been isolated. The haloalkane dehalogenase and an aldehyde dehydrogenase are plasmid encoded. Two other enzymes, the alcohol dehydrogenase and the haloacid dehalogenase, are chromosomally encoded. Sequence analysis indicates that the haloacid dehalogenase belongs to the L-specific 2-chloroproprionic acid dehalogenases. From the three-dimensional structure and sequence similarities, the haloalkane dehalogenase appears to be a member of the α/β hydrolase fold hydrolytic enzymes, of which several are involved in the degradation of aromatic and aliphatic xenobiotic compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696463
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence analysis of the upstream region ofdhlB, the gene encoding haloalkanoic acid dehalogenase ofXanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 (1995)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 6 (1995), S. 257-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: Biodegradation ; haloacetate ; σ54-dependent regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The DNA sequence upstream of thedhlB gene encoding the haloalkanoic acid dehalogenase ofXanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 was determined and contained an open reading frame, designateddhlC, which encoded a protein with a significant similarity with the family of Na+-dependent symport proteins. ThedhlC gene was subcloned under control of a T7 promoter, and found to encode a polypeptide of 45 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Upstream ofdhlC, a −24/−12 promoter sequence was found. Further upstream, in the opposite direction of transcription, another open reading frame, designateddhlR, with homology with the family of σ54-dependent transcriptional activator proteins was detected. ThedhlR gene was cloned and expressed under the control of a T7 promoter and encoded a polypeptide of 51 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The genetic organization of thedhlB region suggested that the expression ofdhlC anddhlB was controlled by the product ofdhlR and σ54 which may explain the observed overexpression of the haloalkanoic acid dehalogenase under starvation conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00700465
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of chlorinated and non-chlorinated aromatic solvents in soil suspensions by pure bacterial cultures (1989)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 30 (1989), S. 211-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Several strains that utilize aromatic solvents were isolated and tested for their ability to degrade chlorinated and non-chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons. The effect of inoculation with pure bacterial cultures on the degradation of benzene, toluene, o-, m- and p-xylene, chlorobenzene o-dichlorobenzene and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene in soil slurries was studied. The compounds for which organisms were added were rapidly degraded. Without inoculation, however, degradation of benzene, toluene, m- and p-xylene and chlorobenzene was slow, while o-xylene and o-dichlorobenzene were only slightly degraded. The results showed that degradation was due to growth of the inoculated cells using the aromatic compounds as sources of carbon and energy. Addition of activated sludge did not stimulate degradation. The degradation rate of aromatic solvents by the added bacteria in soil slurries was similar or higher than that observed in liquid cultures of the same organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264013
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