Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 363 (1976), S. 205-210 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Rat kidney ; Interlobular arteries ; Intrarenal veins ; Hydrostatic pressures ; Autoregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pressure conditions at the distal end of the interlobular arteries and in the interlobular veins were investigated from the pressures obtained in superficial small arteries and veins, accidentally found on the kidney surface, during the subsequent blockade of the blood stream in the down-stream and up-stream direction, respectively. The results suggested a hydrostatic pressure in the distal end of the interlobular arteries of about 85 mm Hg under normotensive conditions-a pressure which remained fairly constant when the perfusion pressure in the renal artery was decreased within the autoregulation range. The results indicate a considerable pressure drop of about 40 mm Hg along the interlobular arteries. During hypotension this pressure drop decreased, implying a decreased resistance in the interlobular arteries, i.e.a typical autoregulative response. The pressure in the interlobular veins amounted to about 5 mm Hg, which is a few mm Hg higher than that in the renal vein and about 7 mm lower than that in the peritubular capillary network. The results suggest a flow resistance located somewhere between the peritubular capillaries and the intrarenal veins. This resistance is not influenced by vasoactive substances but it is decreased when the systemic venous pressure is raised above 10 mm Hg. The resistance seems to act in the direction of protecting the peritubular capillaries from minor changes in the central venous pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Renal nerves ; Hydrostatic pressure ; Renal hemodynamics ; Glomerular filtration ; Fluid reabsorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In anaesthetized 300 g rats, the influence of sympathetic nerve activity on the renal hemodynamics, glomerular filtration and fluid reabsorption was studied with direct stimulation at frequencies of 2 Hz and 5 Hz. The single nephron plasma flow at control conditions was 164 nl/min decreasing to 138 nl/min during 2 Hz and 68 nl/min during 5 Hz, reaching complete glomerular ischemia at about 10 Hz. At 2 Hz, the pressure drop over the two arterioles remained essentially unchanged, indicating an equal response to sympathetic discharge. At higher frequencies the afferent tone showed a more marked increase. The glomerular ultrafiltration decreased in parallel to the blood flow. The filtration fraction remained thereby constant at about 0.33. The fractional proximal fluid reabsorption up to the puncture site in early distal tubules showed a clear increase; the Tf/P-Inulin increasing from 6.0 to 7.1 and 7.2 for 2 Hz and 5 Hz, respectively. The absolute reabsorption decreased, however, and indeed not far from the decrement in glomerular filtration. It is concluded that sympathetic nerve activity acts in the direction of fluid conservation, by reducing the glomerular filtration and increasing the fractional reabsorption. The hemodynamic effects will play the dominant role even at 2 Hz stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Rat experiments ; Autoregulation ; Single glomerular filtration rate ; Tubulo-glomerular feedback control ; Rattenexperimente ; Autoregulation ; Filtrationsrate im Einzelglomerulus ; Kontrolle des tubuloglomerulären Feedback
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Phänomen der Autoregulation der Nierendurchblutung und des Glomerulumfiltrats lassen sich zur Zeit am besten mit myogenen Mechanismen und mit Hilfe des tubuloglomerulären Feedbackmechanismus erklären. Es wurden Untersuchungen an jungen Ratten durchgeführt, um die Bedeutung des tubuloglomerulären Feedbacks bei der Autoregulation in Nephronen der Nierenrinde und des Nierenmarkes weiter aufzuklären. Hierzu wurde die Mikropunktionstechnik am Einzelnephron an der Oberfläche der Niere und an der Nierenpapille verwendet, um sowohl den Druck im Glomerulum als auch die Einzelnephronfiltrationsrate (SN-GFR) zu messen. Außerdem verwendeten wir zur Bestimmung der SN-GFR in einer anderen Versuchsserie die modifizierte Hanssen-Technik, d.h. Bestimmung der SN-GFR nach Bolusinjektion eines Farbindikators und Dissektion des Einzelnephrons. Weiterhin entwickelten wir eine Fernseh-Videotechnik zur Bestimmung der spontanen Harnflußrate an intakten Henle'schen Schleifen in vivo. SN-GFR Messungen der beiden Nephronpopulationen ergaben bei Blockade des Harnflusses an der Macula densa 29.6 nl·min−1·g−1 Nierengewicht für die oberflächlichen Nephrone und 84.1 für die tiefen Nephrone, wenn man diese mit der Mikropunktionstechnik bestimmt. Der Nettofiltrationsdruck an oberflächlichen Nephronen wurde mit 19 und an tiefen mit 47 mm Hg bestimmt, ebenfalls bei blockiertem Harnfluß zur Macula densa. Die modifizierte Hanssentechnik dagegen ergab für die SN-GFR der oberflächlichen Nephrone 25,8 nl·min−1·g−1 Nierengewicht und für die tiefen 27,7. Diese Werte entsprechen dem Zustand des intakten, physiologischen Harnflusses an der Macula densa. Die SN-GFR war bei intaktem Harnstrom an der Macula densa (Hanssentechnik) gut autoreguliert, während sie das nicht war bei blockiertem Harnstrom an der Macula densa (Mikropunktionstechnik). Die Videotechnik ergab in der Henle'schen Schleife einen spontanen Volumenfluß von 7,3 nl·min−1·g−1 und dieser stieg bei Blockierung des Flusses zur Macula densa auf 19,2 nl·min−1·g−1 an. Unsere Versuche zeigen, daß hauptsächlich der tubuloglomeruläre Feedback zur Autoregulation der Einzelnephronfiltrationsrate bei jungen, normal hydrierten Ratten beiträgt. Der tubuloglomeruläre Feedback ist vor allem in den tiefen Nephronen von Bedeutung und muß bei Untersuchungen an Henle'schen Schleifen von tiefen Nephronen berücksichtigt werden.
    Notes: Summary The intrinsic myogenic hypothesis and the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism (TGF) give the presently most cherished explanation to the autoregulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. A series of experiments was performed on young, normohydrated rats in order to evaluate the importance of TGF as an autoregulatory factor of the single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) in superficial and juxtamedullary nephron populations. Micropuncture techniques were applied to tubular structures of the renal surface and on the papilla for the measurement of hydrostatic pressures and SNGFR. The SNGFR was also measured with a modified Hanssen technique. A TV-technique was used to record the urine free flow rate in the loop of Henle. The net driving forces for glomerular filtration at the afferent end of the glomerular capillaries were estimated to be 19 and 47 mm Hg for superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons respectively, when the urine flow at the macula densa was zero. The SNGFR of the two nephron populations amounted to 29.6 and 84.1 nl·min−1·g−1 K.W., as measured with the micropuncture technique. With a modified Hanssen technique the corresponding values were 25.8 and 27.7 nl·min−1. g−1 K.W. (kidney weight). The SNGFR was found to be well autoregulated when the urine flow at the macula densa was intact, but not when the urine flow was interrupted. The flow rate in the loop of Henle was in free flow conditions 7.3 nl·min−1·g−1 K.W. which shall be compared with 19.2 nl·min−1·g−1 K.W. when the urine flow to the macula densa was zero. We conclude that SNGFR is mainly autoregulated by the TGF-mechanism in young, normohydrated rats at lower arterial pressures. In normal conditions TGF is highly activated for juxtamedullary nephrons, but not for the superficial ones. The high urine flow rate in the loop of Henle at reduced flow rates at the macula densa may invalidate the use of loop blockade in studies of water and solute transfer across the loop walls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 1077-1082 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renal failure ; Blood flow ; Micropuncture ; Free radicals ; Scavengers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Oxygen radicals in postischaemic damages in the kidney: M. Wolgast, A. Bayati, O. Hellberg, Ö. Källskog, K. Nygren and G. Öjteg, Inst. of Physiology and Medical Biophysics, University of Uppsala, Sweden; Ischemic acute renal failure is characterized by a severe depression of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), isosthenuria and deficient potassium secretion, whereas the total renal blood flow may remain largely intact. As to these symptoms, it would seem established that the depression of GFR results from an ischaemia-induced augmented aging and hence rejection of tubular cells, which thence blocks the tubular lumen. As expected this blockade can be prevented by osmotic diuretics. The isosthenuria and the deficient potassium excretion, on the other hand, results probably from a medullary ischaemia, the latter due to the action by oxygen-derived free radicals in the sense the subsequent damage to the capillary membrane leads to a massive extravasation of plasma and consequent intracapillary trapping of red cells. In line with this idea, superoxide-dismutase (SOD) or Allopurinol may ameliorate these changes. In the recovery phase of postischaemic renal failure, the most prominent feature is the blocking of the ascending loop of Henle with Tamm/Horsfall-protein which, if not washed-out during the first week, leads to a complete degeneration of the nephron. Unfortunately, the process would seem to be unaffected by treatment with e.g. osmotic diuretics and SOD or Allopurinol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...