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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ANTIOXIDATIVE FLAVONOID GLYCOSIDES FROM QUINOA SEEDS (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD) (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food lipids 8 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4522
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Six flavonol glycosides have been isolated from quinoa seeds (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) via normal phase and reverse phase column chromatography. On the basis of spectral data, their structures were established as kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl(1′–2″)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (1), kaempferol 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1″–2″)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl(1′–2″)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1″–6″)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (3), kaempferol 3-O-(2,6-di-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), quercetin 3-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl (1′–2″)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1″–6″)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (5) and quercetin 3-O-(2,6-di-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (6). Among them, compounds 1, 4 and 6 were the main flavonoid glycosides found in quinoa seeds and compounds 2, 5, and 6 were isolated from this plant for the first time. All six compounds exhibited antioxidant
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.2001.tb00182.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    APPLICATION of LASER DOPPLER ANEMOMETRY to MEASURE VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION INSIDE the SCREW CHANNEL of A TWIN-SCREW EXTRUDER (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food process engineering 19 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4530
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Velocity measurements inside the screw channels of a co-rotating, self-wiping twin-screw extruder (ZSK-30) have been carried out using the noninvasive technique of Laser Doppler Anemometry. A two-dimensional Argon-ion laser Doppler system was used to measure tangential and axial velocity components in one of the screws, away from the intermeshing zone. Heavy corn syrup with naturally occurring particles was used in the extrusion experiments. the measured tangential velocity distribution agreed with the expected distribution for a Newtonian fluid. Measurements also indicated that near the screw root and away from the flights, shear rates were substantially lower as compared to the shear rates near the barrel. the results indicated that this technique is suitable for making velocity measurements in a twin-screw extruder using model fluids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.1996.tb00386.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A NEW APPROACH TO MODELING AND CONTROL OF A FOOD EXTRUSION PROCESS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND AN EXPERT SYSTEM (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food process engineering 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4530
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The paper presents a new approach to the modeling of the start-up part of a food extrusion process. A neural network model is proposed and its parameters are determined. Simulation results with real data are also presented. The inputs and outputs of the model are among those used by the human operator during the start-up process for control. An intelligent controller structure that uses an expert system and “delta-variations” to modify inputs is also proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.2001.tb00529.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    COORDINATE SYSTEM INDEPENDENCE of SHEAR RATE DURING ISOTHERMAL SINGLE-SCREW EXTRUSION of A NEWTONIAN FLUID (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food process engineering 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4530
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The analysis of fluid flow in a single screw extruder channel is presented by treating the screw as stationary and rotating the barrel in the opposite direction. It is shown that the calculated shear rates at the barrel and at the screw, during extrusion of a Newtonian fluid under isothermal conditions, do not depend on the choice of formulation, i.e., barrel moving or screw moving. It is also shown that they are independent of choice of coordinate system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.1995.tb00354.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Velocity field in a twin-screw extruder (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 32 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Velocity measurements inside the screw channels of a co-rotating, self-wiping, twin-screw extruder were carried out. A laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) system was used to measure tangential and axial velocity components in the translational region of one of the screws of a twin-screw extruder. The velocity measurements were carried out using heavy corn syrup at different screw speeds and for two forwards conveying elements differing in their pitch. It was found that velocity profiles in the translational region were substantially affected by the pitch of the screw element, however, screw speed (30–90 r.p.m.) did not have a significant effect on the shape of the velocity profiles. The range of velocity values in a 14 mm pitch screw element was wider than that in a 28 mm pitch screw element. Experimentally measured velocity profiles were compared with predictions of a one-dimensional model, which showed that the model underpredicted the velocity values, for the 14 mm pitch element.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.1997.00403.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MEASUREMENT OF VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION IN THE BRABENDER FARINOGRAPH AS A MODEL MIXER, USING LASER-DOPPLER ANEMOMETRY (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food process engineering 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4530
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The nonintrusive technique of Laser-Doppler Anemometry was used to characterize flow velocity distribution in the Brabender Farinograph, which is often used to mix rheologically diverse food materials. A two-dimensional Argonion laser Doppler system was used to obtain local velocity data at selected locations in this complex mixer. Three components of velocity were obtained as a function of time and spatial location for model fluids with characteristic rheological properties. The results revealed that the velocity distribution in the Farinograph changes with the time-relative motion of the blades and with fluid rheology. Velocity values at locations close to the blades were much higher for the non-Newtonian fluids than for the Newtonian fluid studied. The prevalence of static zones at regions away from the blades was noticeable, particularly in the non-Newtonian fluids. These findings indicate that Laser Doppler Anemo metry is a valuable tool in the design and analysis of complex mixing processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.1999.tb00498.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FLOW FIELD IN A HOT AIR JET IMPINGEMENT OVEN - PART I: A SINGLE IMPINGING JET (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food processing and preservation 23 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4549
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The axial and radial velocity components of a single jet impinging on a flat surface were measured in a commercial jet impingement oven using a laser Doppler anemometer. the measured velocity profiles had characteristics of a classical turbulent jet in its potential core region implying a local maximum for the rate of heat transfer directly under the jet center. Temperature variation at selected locations in the jet impingement oven was measured. the measured temperature field indicated that for a given set temperature of the oven, the variation of temperature within the oven cavity was dependent upon the location. Maximum of 15C variation was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.1999.tb00381.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FLOW FIELD IN A HOT AIR JET IMPINGEMENT OVEN — PART 11: MULTIPLE IMPINGEMENT JETS (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food processing and preservation 23 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4549
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The axial velocity component of three and four jet arrays impinging on a flat plate have been measured using a laser Doppler anemometer. the axial velocity profiles for all jets were found to demonstrate characteristics of a turbulent jet in its potential core region. Between neighboring jets, reversal of the airflow occurred. At measurements closer to the flat plate, the reverse flow velocity values were found to be about 50% of the maximum jet velocity. the results indicated that the products passing under multiple jets may experience uneven heating rates, depending upon the product size and jet orifice spacing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.1999.tb00382.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of velocity profiles in reverse-screw elements of a twin-screw extruder (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 2424-2431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A laser Doppler anemometer was used to measure velocity components for the flow of a Newtonian fluid in a reversing section of a pilot-scale corotating twin-screw extruder. Measurements were made at a fixed axial position in the intermeshing (nip) region and the translational region (áway from the nip). Tangential and axial velocity profiles reached a maximum in the middle of the screw channel, indicating pressure flow. Leakage flow through the gaps between screw flights and backflow toward the hopper were observed only in the nip region. No reversal of flow was detected in the translational region. Measured velocity profiles showed substantially higher shear rates in the reversing section of the screw as compared to those in the forward-conveying section.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690431006
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer in twin-screw extruders for non-Newtonian materials (1995)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 1213-1221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new simplified approach has been proposed for the numerical simulation of the thermal transport in corotating, tangential, and self-wiping twin-screw extruders. It is assumed that the flow domain in a twin-screw extruder can be divided into (i) the translation region (T-region), which represents a flow similar to that in a single-screw channel and (ii) the intermeshing region (I-region), which is located between the two screws. The two regions are simulated separately and then coupled for each screw section to model the overall transport in tangential and self-wiping twin-screw extruders. A finite difference method is employed for the developing flow and temperature fields in the T-region, in order to minimize the computing effort, while a finite element method is employed for determining the interchannel flow mixing and the thermal transport in the I-region. Results are obtained in terms of temperature, velocity, and pressure variations along the screw channels and mixing between the two screws.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760351504
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