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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of ultrafine aluminum and aluminum nitride particles by plasma–alloy reaction and their microstructure and morphology (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 4025-4029 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The preparation condition, microstructure, and morphology of ultrafine Al and AlN particles were examined by a combined technique of nitrogen plasma–aluminum reaction and spray deposition as well as by metallographic techniques. The Al and AlN particles have the morphologies of sphere and hexagonal plate, respectively, and the particle size is 5 to 200 nm for Al and 20 to 120 nm for AlN. The volume ratio of AlN to Al increases continuously with an increase of the mixing gas ratio of nitrogen to argon and the total pressure of nitrogen and reaches about 25% in a nitrogen atmosphere with a pressure of 93 kPa. The composite Al–AlN particles are also observed and have an orientation relationship of (111)Al//(001)AlN, [101¯]Al//[110]AlN, and [12¯1]Al//[11¯0]AlN, in which the lattice misfit is as small as 6.4%, 8.6%, and 8.6%, respectively. The formation of the composite particles is presumed to result from the collision and incorporation of Al particles with the AlN plate adhered to Al particles. The Al and AlN particles produced by the present method are concluded to be small and homogeneous enough to be used as raw materials for the production of nanoscale composites and compositionally gradient materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350825
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of compositionally gradient Al-AlN films by reactive sputtering and their mechanical and electrical properties (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 3278-3282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The application of reactive sputtering in a mixed gas of argon (Ar) and nitrogen (N2) to Al metal resulted in the formation of compositionally gradient film consisting of Al and AlN phases. By changing the mixing gas ratio of N2 to N2+Ar so as to be 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 in a total gas pressure of 1 Pa, the resulting phase changes in the order of Al, Al+AlN, AlN+Al, and AlN and the thickness of each phase is 14, 23, 18, and 8 μm, respectively, after sputtering for 3.6, 5.4, 7.2, and 10.8 ks, respectively. The Al concentration along the sample thickness changes from 100% to about 50% with an increase of mixing ratio from 0 to 0.2. The lattice parameters of Al and AlN phases remain constant along the sample thickness. The Knoop hardness and the electrical resistivity increase steeply from 100 to 3900 and from 3×10−8 Ω m to an infinite value, respectively, with the phase transition from Al to AlN through Al+AlN and AlN+Al. The load leading to an exfoliation among the layers was measured to be 16 N. Thus, the sputtered Al-AlN film is concluded to possess functionally gradient characteristics resulting from the compositional and structural gradients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350975
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the CD44 adhesion molecule in primary and metastatic gynecologic malignancies and their cell lines (1995)
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 5 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: CD44 is a cell-surface molecule that has been shown to have several splicing isoforms. In various human tumors, such as primary colon and breast tumors, and their metastases, alterations of CD44 isoform expression have been reported. The present study was performed to investigate CD44 alternative transcript splicing in gynecologic malignancies. We performed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of CD44 splice variant expression on mRNA transcripts from ovarian carcinomas (six primary and 15 metastatic tumors) from 21 patients and from cervical carcinomas (25 primary and two metastatic tumors) from 25 patients. We also performed this analysis on five different ovarian carcinoma cell lines established from ascitic fluid and primary tumors, and two cervical carcinoma cell lines. We included eight normal female genital tissue specimens and one additional placenta specimen in our RT-PCR analysis for comparison with CD44 expression of carcinomas. The CD44H isoform was amplified in all of the specimens. None of eight normal tissue specimens, including myometrium and ovary, expressed CD44R1 transcripts. But the CD44R1 transcript was expressed in 2/6 (33.3%) primary ovarian carcinomas and in 7/15 (46.6%) metastatic ovarian carcinomas. In cervical carcinoma, 13/25 (52.0%) primary tumors and 2/2 (100.0%) metastatic tumors expressed CD44R1. The CD44R1 transcript was expressed increasingly during ovarian and cervical tumor progression (P = 0.026 and P = 0.002, respectively). In conclusion, the frequency of CD44R1 transcript expression increased during ovarian and cervical carcinoma progression, and analysis of CD44 splice variants may be useful in detecting primary and metastatic gynecologic malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1995.05030193.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p53 gene mutation is rare in human cervical carcinomas with positive HPV sequences (1994)
    238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    International journal of gynecological cancer 4 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chromosome 17p allelic losses and concurrent p53 mutations have been demonstrated in various human cancers. We therefore investigated the presence of chromosome 17p allelic loss and possible concurrent p53 mutation in 29 Korean cases of cervical carcinoma by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) over the region from exon 4 to exon 9 of the p53 gene. We also examined the expression of p53 in paraffin tissues by immunohistochemical staining and determined the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences in the same tissues by multitype PCR analysis to correlate them to the allelic loss on chromosome 17p13 and p53 mutation. In the analysis of 29 cases, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was observed in eight (40%) cases out of 20 informative cases and p53 mutation was observed in only one case (3.4%) at exon 5. So in the majority of cases with LOH on 17p in this series, mutation of p53 gene appeared to be rare. But we obtained three cases (10.3%) of positive immunoreactivity from 29 cases. Those cases may carry mutations outside of the regions examined by PCR-SSCP. HPV DNA was detected in 27 of 29 cases (93.1%). HPV types 8, 11, 16, and 18 were detected in the samples we tested, while only two (7.4%) out of 27 HPV positive cases exhibited overexpression for p53 without any demonstrable p53 mutation upon PCR-SSCP. These results suggest that HPV infection may play a role in inactivating wild-type p53 protein in cervical carcinomas. In conclusion, mutation and overexpression of p53 gene appear to be rare, particularly in cases of cervical carcinoma associated with positive HPV sequence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1994.04060371.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of very high permeability, low coercivity, and high electrical resistivity in Fe87Zr7B5Ag1 amorphous alloy (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 5298-5302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of an Fe87Zr7B5Ag1 (at. %) amorphous alloy, which contains an additional insoluble element (Ag) in a small amount, have been investigated as a function of annealing temperatures in order to know its potential applicability as a core material used at high-frequency. As a result, a new excellent soft magnetic material with very high resistivity was developed. The amorphous alloy annealed at a relatively low temperature of Ta=300 °C exhibited a very high initial permeability μi of 146 000 at 1 kHz and 2 mOe, resistivity ρRT of 4.5 μΩ m, and very low coercivity Hc of 20 mOe, respectively. The values obtained are the best ones among various kinds of Fe-based soft amorphous materials reported up to now. Furthermore, the amorphous ribbon heat treated at Ta=300 °C still retained good ductility enough to endure 180° bending, which is very important from the viewpoint of processing for mass production. The phenomenon of good soft magnetic properties presumably arises from the homogenous formation of very fine α-Fe clusters in an amorphous matrix, which can be deduced from the increase of resistivity, and the reduction of magnetostriction caused by the dissolution of Zr and B into the α-Fe cluster. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359284
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multilayered structure and anisotropic electrical properties of (SiO2)100−x(Pb0.6Bi0.4)x alloys prepared by a combined technique of mechanical alloying and hot pressing (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1052-1054 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Compacted (SiO2)100−x(Pb0.6Bi0.4)x (x=20–80 at. %) materials, prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) of amorphous SiO2, fcc Pb, and rhombohedral hexagonal Bi followed by hot pressing of the MA powder at 473 K for 1.8 ks under an applied stress of 250 MPa, were found to have a unique layered structure consisting of amorphous SiO2 and hexagonal close-packed (hcp) ε(Pb-Bi) phases which developed along the direction perpendicular to the uniaxial applied load. The thickness and interlayer distance of the layered ε (Pb-Bi) phase are about 1.5 and 7 μm, respectively, for (SiO2)50Pb30Bi20. Furthermore, the multilayered compacts exhibited a strong anisotropy of electrical resistivity and superconducting properties when their properties are measured along the directions parallel or perpendicular to the layer. Electrical resistivity at 300 K, superconducting critical temperature (Tc), and upper critical magnetic field (Hc2) at 4.2 K are 10.5 μΩ m, 8.5 K, and 2.29 T, respectively, for the parallel direction and 950 μΩ m, 6.9 K, and 0.24 T, respectively, for the perpendicular direction. The strong anisotropy of electrical resistivity and superconducting properties is presumably due to a significant difference in the linkage of electrical path between the parallel and perpendicular directions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104279
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear Bragg reflector based on saturable absorption (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1095-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The first observation of nonlinear reflection from a Bragg reflector composed of Ga0.8 Al0.2As/AlAs layers due to the band filling effect was measured by the pump probe method. The nonlinearity was primarily due to saturable absorption. Optically induced reflectivity changes of as much as 38% were measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100768
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical bistability and nonlinear switching due to increasing absorption in single-crystal ZnSe waveguides (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 475-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Optical nonlinear switching and bistability due to increasing absorption have been observed in single-crystal ZnSe waveguides with contrast ratios of 16/1 and switching times of 10 μs at 15 mW of argon laser light. Switching energy is improved over the bulk by a factor of 200.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98398
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blue light generation by resonator-enhanced frequency doubling of an extended-cavity diode laser (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 525-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Frequency doubling of diode laser radiation was achieved by operating an AR-coated diode laser in an extended laser cavity which contained a monolithic potassium niobate frequency doubling resonator as an intracavity element. Extended cavity operation ensured that the diode laser would oscillate only at frequencies that were resonant with the intracavity resonator. A diffraction grating was used to ensure single mode oscillation at the wavelength needed for noncritically phase-matched second harmonic generation. At 100 mA of injection current to the GaAlAs diode laser, 14 mW of 429 nm light were produced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112286
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced Subtilisin Production with Spore Mutants of Bacillus subtilis and Their Characterization (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 750 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb19994.x
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