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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-resolved confocal fluorescence microscopy of porphyrins for phototherapy (1996)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 11 (1996), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Fluorescence ; Time-resolved confocal microscopy ; Porphyrins ; Fluorescence polarization ; Photodynamic therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The application of a novel time-resolved confocal fluorescence microspectrometer to studies of the distribution and speciation of porphyrin photosensitizers in rat C6 cerebral glioma cells is described. The instrument combines a mode-locked argon ion laser excitation source with time-correlated single photon counting fluorescence detection and has sub-micron spatial and sub-nanosecond temporal resolution. The porphyrins studied were haematoporphyrin derivative (HpD), haematoporphyrin IX (HP), porphyrinc (Pc) and the tetrakiscarborane carboxylate ester of 2,4-(α,β-dihydroxyethyl) deuteroporphyrin IX (BOPP). From the heterogeneous emission observed in vitro, assignments and spatial location of various porphyrin species are proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02134914
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rare gas constraints on the history of Boulder 1, Station 2, Apollo 17 (1975)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 14 (1975), S. 407-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Rare gas isotopic analyses have been performed on both pile-irradiated and unirradiated samples from Boulder 1, Station 2. Two samples from rock 72255, the Civet Cat clast and a sample of adjacent breccia, have concordant40Ar-39 Ar ages of 3.99±0.03 b.y. and 4.01±0.03 b.y., respectively. Several samples from rock 72275 have complex thermal release patterns with no datable features, but an intermediate-temperature plateau from the dark rim material of the Marble Cake clast yields an age of 3.99±0.03 b.y. - indistinguishable from the age of rock 72255. We regard these ages as upper limits on the time of the Serenitatis basin-forming event. The absence of fossil solar-wind trapped gases in the breccia samples implies that a prior existence for the boulder as near-surface regolith material can be regarded as extremely unlikely. Instead, the small trapped rare-gas components have isotopic and elemental compositions diagnostic of the terrestrial-type trapped component which has previously been identified in several Apollo 16 breccias and in rock 14321. Excess fission Xe is found in all Boulder 1 samples in approximately 1:1 proportions with Xe from spontaneous fission of238U. This excess fission Xe is attributed to spontaneous fission of244Puin situ. Cosmic-ray exposure ages for samples from rocks 72215 and 72255 are concordant, with mean81Kr-Kr exposure ages of 41.4±1.4 m.y. and 44.1±3.3 m.y., respectively. However a distinctly different81Kr-Kr exposure age of 52.5±1.4 m.y. is obtained for samples from rock 72275. A two-stage exposure model is developed to account for this discordance and for the remaining cosmogenic rare-gas data. The first stage was initiated at least 55 m.y. ago, probably as a result of the excavation of the boulder source-crop. A discrete change in shielding depths ∼ 35 m.y. ago probably corresponds to the dislodgement of Boulder 1 from the South Massif and emplacement in its present position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00569674
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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