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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1999), S. 601-605 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The elucidation of proteins involved in biomaterial-modulated macrophage behavior is critical for the improvement of material performance and the initial exploration of material design capable of manipulating macrophage function for tissue engineering. In this paper, several in vitro and in vivo techniques are presented to demonstrate means of delineating a part of the complex molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction between biomaterial and macrophage adhesion and phenotypic development. The following conclusions were reached: (1) using radioimmunoassay, complement component C3 was found to be critical in mediating human macrophage adhesion on polyurethanes. (2) The presence of a diphenolic antioxidant additive in polyurethanes increased the propensity for complement upregulation but did not affect adherent macrophage density. (3) The subcutaneous cage-implant system was utilized to delineate interleukin-4 participation in the fusion of adherent macrophages to form foreign body giant cells in vivo in mice. The injection of purified interleukin-4 neutralizing antibody into the implanted cages significantly decreased the giant cell density; conversely, the giant cell density was significantly increased by the injection of recombinant interleukin-4 when compared with the controls. (4) The RGD and PHSRN amino acid sequences of the central cell binding domain and the PRRARV sequence of the C-terminal heparin binding domain of human plasma fibronectin were utilized to study the structure-functional relationship of protein in mediating macrophage behavior. Polyethyleneglycol-based networks grafted with the RGD-containing peptide supported higher adherent human macrophage density than surfaces grafted with other peptides. The formation of foreign body giant cell was highly dependent on the relative orientation between PHSRN and RGD domains located in a single peptide. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 28 (1994), S. 635-646 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Examination of the cellular components in the inflammatory exudate, which infiltrates subcutaneous cages, can be used to monitor the progress of an inflammatory response to an implanted material. Of particular interest is the study of monocyte/ macrophage infiltration into the implanted cages containing biomaterials, as macrophages may initiate a wide spectrum of responses upon interaction with a foreign material. In this study, the authors propose a technique using subcutaneous tissue cages in conjunction with cytofluorimetric analysis of exudate leukocytes to evaluate the monocyte/macrophage cell activation in response to different materials. The studies reported here used several materials. The studies reported here used several materials (thermoplastic and elastomeric polymers) as the challenging agent, to demonstrate whether polymers, chemically different from each other, could differentially activate macrophages to carry out their proinflammatory role more effectively. The materials tested included: poly(etherurethane ureas) (PEUU A'), poly(etherurethane ureas) with a surface active additive, Methacrol®, (PEUUC'), polymethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyetherimide, (PEI), and polyetheretherketone, (PEEK). For all the tested materials, the maximum numbers of exudate cells and of Ia-positive macrophages were found on day 7, although the entity of the cell increase was associated with the material used for the implant. Similarly, the percentage of Ia-positive macrophages varied according to the specific polymer present in the cages after 7 days. By day 14, the percentage of Ia-positive macrophages decreased with individual exudates showing 19-32% Ia-positive cells depending on the different type of material. Only in the case of PDMS did the percentage of Ia-positive macrophages remain the same as compared with control empty cage macrophages. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: High molecular weight poly(vinyl chloride) and aliphatic polyurethane (Tecoflex)-based ion selective membranes, with normal and reduced amounts of plasticizer, as well as without plasticizer, were tested with respect to their analytical properties, their biocompatibility, and cellular responses. The analytical properties of the membranes did not change significantly within a wide range of polymer to plasticizer rations. However, the membranes with reduced plasticizer content had better adhesive properties, less anion interference, extended life time, and better biocompatibility. Using the cage implant system, the results showed that an increase of plasticizer weight percent in Tecoflex membranes correlated positively with the increase in host inflammatory response up to 14 days of implantation. The results also demonstrated that both PVC and Tecoflex-based ion-selective membranes with the most common membrane composition (1:2 polymer to plasticizer ratio) exhibited a similar acute inflammatory response, but the PVC-based membrane elicited a reduced chronic inflammatory response when compared with the Tecoflex-based membrane. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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