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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hot Ductility of Certain Microalloyed Steels under Simulated Continuous Casting Conditions (1998)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 284-286 (June 1998), p. 477-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/03/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.284-286.477.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recrystallization Kinetics of Microalloyed Steels Determined by Two Mechanical Testing Techniques (1998)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 284-286 (June 1998), p. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/03/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.284-286.119.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation of the New Regression Model for the Static Recrystallisation of Hot-Deformed Austenite in Special Steels (2004)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 467-470 (Oct. 2004), p. 335-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A linear regression model consisting of the weighted sums of certain alloying elements has recently been developed to predict the activation energy (Qrex) and kinetics of static recrystallisation (SRX) for hot-deformed austenite based on stress relaxation test results for over 40 different carbon steels. The validity of the model has been further assessed here by determining the Qrex and the kinetics of SRX of certain high-Nb bearing steels, extra-low and low carbon Nb-Mo bainitic and high-Si dual phase and TRIP steels, and Nb-Ti grades with the varying N content. The validity of the model is shown to be fairly good for the Nb-Ti, Nb-Mo and Cr-Mo grades. The approach of maximum effective concentration of Nb and Si and the weight factor for Cr enable reasonable fit for DP, TRIP and Nb-Cr steels, as well. Possible influences of C and N on Qrex and the kinetics of SRX were checked, but none was observed in microalloyed steels
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/09/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.467-470.335.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatigue Properties of Steels with Ultrasonic Attrition Treated Surface Layers (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 604-605 (Oct. 2008), p. 239-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Severely deformed surface layers have been created by ultrasonic attrition technique on four steel sheets to investigate their influence on fatigue behaviour. A low-carbon (0.05%) ferritic steel and a medium-carbon (0.47%) normalized ferritic-pearlitic steel were selected to study the effect of carbon content on fatigue properties of carbon steels. Two stainless steels, Type 316L and Type 301LN, were also tested to study the influence of stability of the austenitic structure. Microstructural features were characterized by hardness measurements, X-ray diffraction and optical and electron microscopy. Fatigue properties were determined in flexural bending in the range 104 to 107 cycles. Crack nucleation and propagation stages were followed. In the attrition treatment thin severely deformed surface layers were found to form. Highly increased hardness was measured in these layers, especially for stainless steels, where also strain-induced martensite was formed. Drastic improvement in fatigue resistance was observed for all steels due to the surface nanocrystallization treatment
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/20/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.604-605.239.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermomechanical Strengthening of Nitrogen-Bearing Austenitic Stainless Steels (2003)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 426-432 (Aug. 2003), p. 987-992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/07/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.426-432.987.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Physical Simulation for Developing New Steel Types (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 575-578 (Apr. 2008), p. 1002-1007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Processing of a large number of novel steel types, such as DP, TRIP, CP and TWIP, andhigh-strength low-carbon bainitic and martensitic DQ-T steels, have been developed based onphysical simulation and modelling studies. Among stainless steels, guidelines for processing ofultra-fine grained austenitic stainless steels have been created. Physical simulation has been used byemploying a Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulator to reveal the phenomena occurring in the hotrolling stage (the flow resistance, recrystallization kinetics and microstructure evolution), and in thecooling stage (CCT diagrams) for carbon steels and in short-term annealing of cold rolledmetastable austenitic steels. Connecting these data with microstructures examined in optical andelectron microscopes and resultant mechanical properties have improved the understanding oncomplex phenomena occurring in the processing of these steels and the role of numerous processvariables in the optimization of enhanced mechanical properties
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.575-578.1002.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling the Deformation and Annealing Processes: Physical and Regression Approaches (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 550 (July 2007), p. 583-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The flow stress behaviour of ferrite under abruptly reduced strain rate has been modelledby employing the relatively simple approach of the Bergström’s model for plastic deformation ofmetals. This physical model considers the rate of change of dislocation density as a difference ofthe rate of dislocation immobilisation and remobilization, estimated as a function of a recoveryparameter. The concept of average rest time of immobilized dislocations prior to remobilization hasbeen suitably employed to estimate the transient times and the enhancement of recovery rates afterthe strain rate change. The transient friction stress was estimated by using equations given in theliterature and some mathematical factors concerning the estimated dislocation densities and the netrates of dislocation immobilization at the high and low strain rates.The present authors have also developed a new unique regression model that is able to predictthe static recrystallisation kinetics of most of the common carbon steel grades (includingmicroalloyed steels). A linear regression equation was established to predict the activation energyof static recrystallisation for hot-worked austenite as sum effects of potent solute elements. Further,the power of grain size in the equation was found to be a strong grain-size dependent variable. Themodel was later validated for several special steel grades, as well as including the consideration foran upper limit for Nb and Si in retarding recrystallisation
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/16/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.550.583.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Processing of Submicron Grained Microstructures and Enhanced Mechanical Properties by Cold-Rolling and Reversion Annealing of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steels (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 539-543 (Mar. 2007), p. 4875-4880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effects of chemical composition, cold rolling and subsequent annealing parameterson the reversion of strain-induced martensite to austenite were investigated in three experimentalMn and Si-free Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steels and two commercial Type 301 and Type 301LNgrades by optical and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements.Hardness and tensile tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties achieved. Incold rolling, completely martensitic structure could be obtained in the experimental heats, but onlypartially in 301 and 301LN grades at reasonable reductions. Upon annealing, in 301LN thereversion took place by the nucleation and growth mechanism, and submicron austenite grainswere formed within a few seconds at temperatures above 700°C. In the other steels, reversion tookplace by the shear mechanism, and ultra-fine grains were formed by the recrystallization ofaustenite at temperatures of 900°C or above. Partial reversion resulted in an excellent combinationof yield strength and elongation in 301LN, and also in 301 such ones were attained in the revertedstructure even before any profound formation of submicron grains
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/15/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.539-543.4875.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Processing Low and Ultra-Low Carbon Bainitic Steels with Excellent Property Combinations (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 500-501 (Nov. 2005), p. 535-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Six experimental low and ultra-low carbon C-Mn-Mo-Nb-B and one conventional TMCP steel heats have been prepared to study the effects of chemical composition and hot deformation on the microstructure and the strength-toughness properties. In physical simulation tests, it was found that the deformation of austenite below the non-recrystallization temperature enhances the formation of higher-temperature bainitic morphologies and polygonal ferrite. On the other hand, hardness exhibits relatively low sensitivity to the degree of deformation below Tnr, whereas the deformation results in a distinct refinement in the microstructures, as determined by SEM-EBSD measurements, suggesting an improvement in the impact toughness. Simultaneous alloying with Mo-Nb-B seemed to be most efficient to provide high hardness and strength. Hot rolling trials indicated that the yield strength in the range 500-700 MPa with the excellent toughness down to –80 °C can be achieved in low carbon (≈ 0.03%) bainitic grades
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/11/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.500-501.535.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Processing and Stability of Ultrafine Grained Structures in Some Microalloy Steels (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 500-501 (Nov. 2005), p. 363-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The dynamic strain-induced transformation (DSIT) of ferrite from austenite in intense deformation at temperatures close to Ar3 were applied to one C-Mn steel and several Nb and Nb-Ti microalloy steels to obtain an ultrafine ferrite grain size. As another route the static recrystallisation of severely cold-rolled martensite (SRM) was utilized. It was found that in the DSIT route a fine prior austenite grain size was crucial to form ferrite with the grain size of 1-3 µm with a considerable fraction of a secondary phase, carbide aggregate/pearlite or martensite. Grain sizesachieved were somewhat finer in steels with a higher microalloying content. In the SRM route, the ferrite grain size of 1-1.5 µm was obtained by using the cold rolling of 80-90% reduction. Thermal stability of the ultrafine-grained structures, especially those from the DSIT route, was found to be excellent. In electron or laser beam welding of 1-2.5 mm sheets neither any coarse-grained zone existed in the heat-affected zone, nor did form any softened zone
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/11/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.500-501.363.pdf
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