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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ES52, an enkephalinase inhibitor, on responses of ventrobasal thalamic neurons in rat
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 5 (1984), S. 1159-1165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Enkephalinase inhibitor ; Noxious and non-noxious stimuli ; Ventrobasal thalamic neurons
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(84)90182-7
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modifications of the opioid system reactivity in Freund's adjuvant induced-arthritic and carrageenin-injected rats, models or chronic and acute inflammatory pain: behavioural and electrophysiological studies (1988)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 23 (1988), S. 27-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01967175
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuronal response thresholds to and encoding of thermal stimuli during carrageenin-hyperalgesic-inflammation in the ventro-basal thalamus of the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 66 (1987), S. 421-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: VB neurones ; Carrageenin-inflammation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study analyzed neuronal encoding and response thresholds to thermal stimuli at the ventro-basal (V.B.) thalamus level during a hyperalgesic inflammation induced by intra-plantar injection of carrageenin in the rat. The threshold and the encoding capacity of the cells were studied during two phases of the inflammatory process, namely the “acute” phase (the first two hours following the injection), and “sub-acute” phase 24 h after). In this second phase the hyperalgesia was verified using a behavioral nociceptive test, just prior to the recording session. Only VB neurones with a receptive field that included the injected paw were considered. In the acute phase, neurones exclusively driven by noxious stimuli were studied before and during the first two hours following the induction of the inflammatory oedema. In the sub-acute phase two groups of neurones which, on the basis of our previous studies, were presumably involved in the transmission of messages giving rise to the hyperalgesia could be separated: a group of neurones which were driven by intense mechanical stimuli and another group driven by moderate mechanical stimulation applied to the inflamed joints and/or the surrounding cutaneous areas. In the “acute” phase there was a dramatic lowering (by about 4° C) of the response threshold of the neurones when the thermal stimulus was applied to the injected paw, although their threshold to the mechanical stimulus was still high. A linear encoding of the bath temperature used as a stimulus was observed for both the injected and the non-injected paws. For a few neurones, a leftward shift of the stimulus-response curve was found for the inflamed limb. In the “sub-acute” phase, neurones with high thresholds to the mechanical indentations still exhibited a low response threshold to the thermal stimulation, not only from the injected but also from the non-injected paw. The other group of neurones responded with relatively low thresholds to the both stimulus modalities. By contrast to the acute phase, the two groups of neurones exhibited only a weak ability to encode the stimulus intensity especially when the stimulus was applied to the inflamed paw. Both peripheral and central mechanisms are likely to be involved in the modifications of response threshold and encoding capacity at the VB thalamus level seen in these conditions of hyperalgesic inflammation. The differential time course of the responses to a liminal or to a supra-liminal temperature during the inflammation, are discussed in reference to some of the mismatches occuring in clinical situations of hyperalgesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00243316
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial nociceptive sensitization in carrageenin-induced rat paw inflammation is dependent on amine autacoid mechanisms: electrophysiological and behavioural evidence obtained with a quaternary antihistamine, thiazinamium (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 65 (1987), S. 343-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Carrageenin ; Inflammatory pain ; Histamine ; Serotonin ; Quaternary ; Antagonist ; Thiazinamium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the ability of a quaternary antihistamine, thiazinamium, to inhibit the nociceptive sensitization that occurs early, during the first hour, following intraplantar injection of the polysaccharide carrageenin in the rat. Parallel studies were performed with an electrophysiological model (changes in responsiveness of ventro-basal thalamic cells driven by noxious stimulation of the paws), and a behavioural test (changes in threshold stimulus necessary to elicit vocalization by gradually increased pressure to the paws). When thiazinamium was given intravenously 10 min before carrageenin, no sensitization due to inflammation was found in either test. By contrast, when thiazinamium was administered 20 min after carrageenin, there was a clear sensitization in both tests that did not differ from that found in animals not treated with the antagonist. Paw oedema was also slightly decreased by pretreatment with thiazinamium. These results suggests that early inflammatory sensitization of peripheral nociceptors is mainly dependent on an initial release of histamine (and/or serotonin, since thiazinamium could also have some antiserotoninergic activity).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236307
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thresholds and encoding of neuronal responses to mechanical stimuli in the ventro-basal thalamus during carrageenin-induced hyperalgesic inflammation in the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 68 (1987), S. 311-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Carrageenin hyperalgesia ; Rat ; Ventro-basal thalamic neurones ; Responses to mechanical stimuli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuronal response thresholds and the encoding of mechanical stimulus intensity in the ventro-basal (VB) thalamus was analyzed in anaesthetized rats before and during the first two hours following induction of hyperalgesic inflammation. This inflammation was induced by the intra-plantar injection of carrageenin in the hindpaw contralateral to the recorded neurones. Only neurones exclusively driven by noxious stimuli and with a receptiv field on or including the injected paw were considered. In this early phase of the inflammatory process, there was no significant modification of the response threshold to the mechanical stimulus (indentation of about 300μm). This suggests the involvement of additional neuronal population(s) to account for the decrease in the vocalisation threshold to pressure observed in the freely moving animal at this time of the inflammation, A liner encoding of the indentation depth was observed before and after the carrageenin injection although the slope of the stimulus response-curve was steeper after the injection. The data emphasize that the carrageenin-sensitization acts differentially on the liminal and supra-liminal responses of the same neurone to a skin indentation, since in the first hour following the initiation of the inflammation the sensitization is essentially observed for responses obtained with stimulus intensity largely above the threshold value. With regard to previous observations using thermal stimulation, the results also illustrate that the carrageenin induced sensitization of responses differs depending on the stimulus intensity and modality used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248797
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioural and electrophysiological studies on the paradoxical antinociceptive effects of an extremely low dose of naloxone in an animal model of acute and localized inflammation (1988)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 73 (1988), S. 402-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Carrageenin ; Hyperalgesic inflammation ; Rats ; Low dose naloxone ; Behavioural test ; VB thalamic neurones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have previously described the paradoxical antinociceptive effect of low doses of an opiate antagonist, naloxone, in rats suffering from chronic arthritis induced by Freund's adjuvant. In the present work, the appearance of this naloxone sensitivity was studied, using a model of inflammatory hyperalgesia with a more rapid onset, namely carrageenin-induced rat paw edema. In these animals, an extremely low dose of naloxone (3 μg/kg i.v.), induced a clear antinociceptive effect (as gauged by the vocalisation threshold to paw pressure), which was observed for both the edematous and the contralateral hind-paw. Small and transient 1 h after carrageenin injection, this effect increased progressively 4 h and 24 h later, reaching a level comparable to that observed with morphine 1 mg/kg i.v. in normal rats, at 24 h. Electrophysiological studies performed in parallel, confirmed the behavioural data so that 24 h after the injection of carrageenin, naloxone (3 μg/kg i.v.) reduced the VB thalamic neuronal responses elicited by stimulation of the inflamed paw by 50%. Hypothesis concerning the mechanisms of the paradoxical action of naloxone in models of inflammatory hyperalgesia are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248233
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