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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 227 (1982), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Somatosensory evoked potentials ; Visual evoked potentials ; Multiple sclerosis ; Fever
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir studierten die somatosensorisch evozierten Potentiale (SSEP) sowie die visuell evozierten Potentiale (VEP) bei 19 Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose und 17 Kontrollpersonen. Die somatosensorisch und visuell evozierten Potentiale wurden in beiden Gruppen unter dem Einfluß von Fieber als auch zwei bis drei Tage nach dem Abklingen des Fiebers untersucht. Die Latenzzeit der Komponenten N20 und P114 wurde als pathologisch bewertet, wenn ihre Werte 2,5 Standardabweichungen über dem Mittelwert von Normalpersonen lagen. Der entsprechende Maßstab für die Bewertung der Höhe der Komponenten N20 und P114 war eine Höheminderung über 50%. Wir fanden, daß Fieber bei den Kontrollpersonen keinen wesentlichen Einfluß auf SSEP und VEP hatte. Bei den MS-Patienten haben wir wesentlich mehr Abnormitäten der SSEP und VEP während des Fiebers (26 SSEP und 33 VEP) als nach dem Abklingen des Fiebers (19 SSEP und 27 VEP). Darüber hinaus war der Mittelwert der Latenzzeit der Komponenten N20 und P114 bei den MS-Patienten während des Fiebers höher (N20=29,5±5,2 ms; P114=143±18,1 ms) als nach dessen Abklingen (N20=26,6±3,5 ms; P114=134±16,8 ms). Abgesehen davon war die Höhe der Komponenten N20 und P114 während des Fiebers wesentlich kleiner als nach dem Abklingen des Fiebers. Diese Unterschiede sind statistisch signifikant. Ferner fanden wir während des Fiebers bei zwei Patienten eine Verminderung der Erregungsleitungsgeschwindigkeit im N. medianus zwischen Handgelenk und Erbschen Punkt.
    Notes: Summary The somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were studied in 19 patients with multiple sclerosis; 17 controls were studied during fever (38.0°–39.7°C) and 2–3 days following return to normal temperature. The latencies of components N20 and P114 were measured and specified as abnormal when their value exceeded the standard deviation of the controls by 2.5 times. The corresponding criterion for the evaluation of the amplitude of components N20 and P114 was a reduction in amplitude of more than 50%. In the controls fever did not cause significant changes in evoked potentials. On the other hand, patients with multiple sclerosis showed abnormalities in evoked potentials during fever in a greater number of recordings (26 of SEPs and 33 of VEBs) than after return to normal temperature (19 and 27 respectively). In addition, the average latency of components N20 and P114 was clearly greater in the patients during fever (N20=29.5±5.2 ms and P114=143±18.1 ms) than after return to normal temperature (N20=6.6±3.5 ms and P114=134±16 ms). The amplitude of components N20 and P114 in patients during fever was clearly smaller than after return to normal temperature. These differences were statistically significant. Finally, in two patients, a decrease was found, during fever, in the conduction velocity of the peripheral somatosensory pathway from the median nerve to the wrist at Erb's point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 231 (1984), S. 188-193 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: CT-Vascular malformations ; Subarachnoid haemorrhage ; Panangiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 72 patients with spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage and vascular malformation, 27 of 49 arterial aneurysms were diagnosed by CT (the smallest one of 4 mm diameter being stalked), as were all (18) of the arteriovenous aneurysms (angiomas), but of the venous malformations (5) only 2 (aneurysms of the vein of Galen) were so diagnosed. In the 25 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage, in whom vascular malformation had not been diagnosed through angiography or CT, CT showed the position and extent of the parenchymatous lesion or the existence of blood in the subarachnoid space or ventricules. Finally, in 15 patients with subjective or neuropsychiatric disturbances, 9 arterial and 6 arteriovenous aneurysms were diagnosed by CT and were verified by angiography, which would probably not have been performed if CT had not been performed. Thus it is clear that vascular malformations are often diagnosed by CT. In many cases information is revealed which would not be suspected with angiography, while in other cases angiography is more selective and accurate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 231 (1982), S. 547-554 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Temporal slow activity ; Old age ; Circulatory disturbances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this work and the question which it will attempt to answer is to what extent temporal slow activity comprises a purely functional finding in old age and to which, if any, organic cerebral lesions it is related. For this reason 2,035 in-patients, 60–92 years old, were divided into four groups on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria: a) asymptomatic patients without neurological or C. T. findings (502); b) asymptomatic patients with neurological and/or C. T. findings (103); c) patients with clinical semeiology due to cerebrovascular accidents (1,230); and d) patients with clinical semeiology due to organic cerebral lesions other than vascular (200). Recording frequency of temporal slow activity was evaluated in the total number of patients 26.8%, while in each group separately the values were 19.5%, 26.2%, 30.2%, and 24% respectively. The more frequent appearance of temporal slow activity on the left side (65.7%), its more frequent recording in patients with transient ischemic attacks (25.7%) in comparison with the remaining patients of the same groups without similar accidents (18.3%), its more frequent bilateral recording (60.8%), its lower correlation with the locations of the organic cerebral lesions (34.2%) and the more frequent appearance of generalized angiopathy in patients with temporal slow activity (79.4%) in comparison with the remaining patients without temporal slow activity (55%) support the view of the dependence of this electrographic element on the circulatory disturbances of the brain, which are frequently subclinical. This view is further supported by the results of the study of 26 asymptomatic patients of the first group with temporal slow activity, of whom 34% suffered vascular accidents over a period of 10 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Stem cell transplantation ; multiple sclerosis ; autoimmune disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Based on the good results of experimental transplantation in animal models of multiple sclerosis and of other autoimmune diseases, we have treated 24 patients suffering from chronic progressive multiple sclerosis with high-dose chemotherapy (BEAM regimen) followed by autologous blood stem cell rescue and antithymocyte globulin. Blood stem cells were mobilised with cyclophosphamide at 4g/m2 and G- (or GM-) CSF. In 9 cases, additional CD34+ cell-selection of the graft was performed. Here we update previously published results of this novel treatment, mainly with regard to clinical efficacy, as the median follow-up time has reached 40 months (range, 21–51). Infections were the principal toxicity early after the procedure, with death of a patient from aspergillosis 65 days post stem cell infusion. No serious late events occurred apart from a case of autoimmune thyroiditis that developed 11 months after transplant in a patient who had received a CD34+ cell-depleted graft. Mild and transient neurotoxicity was observed in 10 patients (42%), most probably associated with fever and infections. Eighteen patients (18/23; 78%) responded to the treatment, i.e., they were improved or stabilized, while five patients progressed, of which 4 had primary progressive disease. Of those improved or stabilised (18), 9 patients have maintained stable condition whereas 9 developed relapses or they slowly resumed progression, although their disability scores have not gotten worse than they were before transplantation. The probability of progression-free survival (compared to entry status) at 3 years is 92% for patients with secondary progressive disease and 39% for the primary progressive type. CD34+ cell-selection did not seem to yield better results except for a delay in progression or in relapse after transplantation. These results appear better than those achieved by any other treatment of progressive multiple sclerosis, including beta-interferon, but they need to be confirmed by other open or controlled studies in view of the well-known difficulty of judging objectively the effect of a treatment in patients with this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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