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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The etiologic agent(s) that was responsible for the 1981 toxic oil syndrome [TOS] epidemic in Spain has not been identified. Liquid chromatography combined with atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry was used for the analysis of oils associated with TOS. Analyses focused on measuring 3-(N-phenylamino)-1,2-propanediol [PAP], the 3-oleyl ester of PAP [MEPAP], and the 1,2-di-oleyl ester of PAP [DEPAP]. DEPAP and MEPAP were found more frequently and at higher concentrations in TOS case-associated oils than in control oils with odds ratios of 13.7 (95% CI 5.0–38) and 21.9 (95% 6.1–78), respectively. Other fatty acid esters of PAP are also likely to be present in the TOS case-associated oils. More significantly, DEPAP and MEPAP were found in aniline-denatured rapeseed oil refined at ITH, the oil refining company with the clearest link to TOS cases, yet these PAP esters were not detected in unrefined aniline-denatured samples of rapeseed oil delivered to ITH. These results show that the esters of PAP were products of the ITH refining process and were not formed spontaneously during storage. PAP esters were not detected in samples of other aniline-denatured rapeseed oils that were refined elsewhere, and which were not associated with illness. These findings provide strong support for the hypothesis that one or more of the fatty acid esters of PAP were the etiologic agents for TOS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Serotonin bewirkt bei Injektion in den linken Vorhof von Hunden einen hypertensiven Chemoreflex. Um das Muster der nervalen Übermittlung zu klären, wurden bei 8 narkotisierten Hunden mit offenem Thorax Ableitungen von thorakalen sympathischen (efferenten) Nerven vorgenommen. Serotonin (200 μg) verursacht massive sympathische Entladungen während der Hypertension und Bradykardie, die für den Chemoreflex charakteristisch sind. Nach der initialen sympathischen Entladung kam es regelmäßig zu einer postexzitatorischen Depression auf ein Niveau, das eindeutig unter Kontrollbedingungen lag. Diese postexzitatorische Depression begann im Mittel 11 s nach der Serotoninjektion und durchschnittlich 6,6 s nach der neuralen Spitzenentladung. Sie dauerte im Mittel 140 s und erreichte initial maximale Werte mit allmählichem Rückgang. Komplette Blockierung der hypertensiven Reaktion durch kombinierte Verabreichung von Phentolamin. Propranolol und Nitroglycerin konnte die nervalen Vorgänge nicht beseitigen einschließlich der postexzitatorischen Depression (mit Ausnahme eines Hundes). Wir schließen daraus, daß die postexzitatorische Depression thorakaler sympathischer Efferenzen nicht ausschließlich durch die sekundäre Beteiligung eines Barorezeptormechanismus vermittelt werden kann. Sie gehört wahrscheinlich zum Wesen des kardiogenen hypertensiven Chemoreflexes.
    Notes: Summary Serotonin injected in the left atrium activates a cardiogenic hypertensive chemoreflex in dogs. To elucidate patterns of the neural traffic, records were obtained from thoracic sympathetic efferent nerves (either the anterior ansa of the left stellate ganglion or the T4 input to the left stellate) in 8 anesthetized dogs with chests open. Serotonin (200 μg, left atrium) caused a massive sympathetic discharge during the hypertension and bradycardia characteristic of the chemoreflex. Following the initial sympathetic discharge, there was a consistent post-excitatory depression of neural traffic, to a level significantly less than control discharge (two-tailed p≤.05). This post-excitatory depression began 11±5.4 (S.D.) seconds after injection of serotonin and 6.6±5.3 seconds after the peak neural discharge. It lasted 140±94 seconds, being maximal initially with gradual recovery. Complete block of the hypertension by the combined administration of phentolamine, propranolol, and nitroglycerin failed to abolish the efferent neural events, including postexcitatory depression, in all but one dog. We conclude that post-excitatory depression in thoracic sympathetic efferent neural traffic cannot be mediated exclusively through the secondary engagement of a baroreceptor mechanism and that it most likely is an integral part of the cardiogenic hypertensive chemoreflex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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