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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of interventional cardiology 7 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study is to evaluate long-term clinical and angiographic follow-up results after placement of the Palmaz-Schatz stent and angiographic follow-up results of repeat interventions for stent restenosis. From June 1990 to September 1993, the Palmaz-Schatz stent was placed in 411 patients, 427 lesions. Follow-up angiography was performed in 307 lesions at 3–6 months and in 189 lesions at 1 year. Palmaz-Schatz scent implantation resulted in 97.2% procedure success and 94.6% clinical success. Stent thrombosis was observed in 2.2%. Angiographic restenosis rate was 16.3% at 3–6 months study. At 1 year study, “new” restenosis occurred only in 2.3%. Minimal lumen diameter did not change between 6 months and 1 year (2.32 ± 0.51 mm vs 2.30 ± 0.54 mm). With the mean follow-up interval of 22 ± 9 months, cardiac event-free survival was achieved in 74.3%. Among 50 lesions with restenosis, stem restenosis occurred diffusely in 15 lesions (30%), focally inside the stent in 22 lesions (44%) and focally at the scent border in 13 lesions (26%). Repeat interventions were performed in 35 lesions. Restenosis at 3 months after repeat intervention was demonstrated in 9 (32.1%) out of 28 lesions restudied. Restenosis rate after repeat intervention for diffuse stent restenosis was significantly higher than that for focal instent restenosis (75% vs 7.7%). Palmaz-Schatz stent implantation was associated with a high initial success rate and a low late restenosis rate. Luminal renarrowing did not occur beyond 6 months up to 1 year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 2160-2163 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Soft x-ray absorption spectra and spectral sensitivity of x-ray resists are studied by using synchrotron radiation. Spectral sensitivity is successfully evaluated from the fragment yield change of the decomposed resists by changing incident x-ray wavelengths. This evaluation method is newly developed here. Using this technique, x-ray wavelength dependency for the decomposition efficiency of polymer resists poly(2-methylpentene-1-sulfone) and their decomposition characteristics are clarified. These are very important for development of more sensitive x-ray resists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 354-356 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Flattened diamond crystals were synthesized by the oxy-acetyle flame method under high O2/C2H2 gas ratio conditions (≥0.95). The morphology of the flattened diamond crystals is characterized as follows: the ratio of the size of the top face and the height is 5:1 or more and all the faces are {111} faces. The twin boundaries are formed many times parallel to the top face. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicate that the flattened diamond crystals exhibit a good crystalline morphology. The motive force of lateral growth is caused by a re-entrant corner effect which results from the formation of twin boundaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Topics in macroeconomics 6.2006, 1, art6 
    ISSN: 1534-5998
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In this paper, we empirically examine the portfolio-rebalancing effects stemming from the policy of "quantitative monetary easing" recently undertaken by the Bank of Japan when the nominal short-term interest rate was virtually at zero. Portfolio-rebalancing effects resulting from the open market purchase of long-term government bonds under this policy have been statistically significant. Our results also show that the portfolio-rebalancing effects were beneficial in that they reduced risk premiums on assets with counter-cyclical returns, such as government and high-grade corporate bonds. But, they may have generated the adverse effects of increasing risk premiums on assets with pro-cyclical returns, such as equities and low-grade corporate bonds. These results are consistent with a CAPM framework in which business-cycle risk importantly affects risk premiums. Our estimates capture only some of the effects of quantitative easing and thus do not imply that the complete set of effects were adverse on net for Japan's economy. However, our analysis counsels caution in accepting the view that, ceteris paribus, a massive large-scale purchase of long-term government bonds by a central bank provides unambiguously positive net benefits to financial markets at zero short-term interest rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 306 (1983), S. 709-712 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We have previously shown that linker histone (H1 and H5) induced chromatin condensation, as measured by electron microscopy, is directly proportional to the sedimentation rate5. Here we have used the sedimentation rate of chromatin as the primary measure of its higher order folding. Our ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Unsteady state changes in ion concentration, liquid conductivity and electric current via different pathways in a bipolar packed-bed electrode cell were investigated by using the electrochemical reduction of Cu(II) ions. Ferrite pellets were used as particle electrodes and were packed in layers separated by plastic spacers. The electrode reaction rate was controlled by the diffusion of Cu(II) ions. The faradaic current passing through the pellets decreased with time, while the bypass current through the liquid bulk phase increased with time because of the production of hydrogen ions. The faradaic and bypass currents and the overall current efficiency were well simulated by a proposed reactor model. The overall current efficiency unavoidably decreased with time when the electrolyte was recirculated. However, the employment of trickle flow reduced the liquid hold-up in the bed and consequently reduced the bypass current. The overall current efficiency in the trickle-bed electrode cell was 20–30% higher than that in the flooded packed-bed electrode cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 190 (1989), S. 2693-2701 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Chemically and thermally stable thin films of polyphthalocyanine were prepared by a simple evaporation-polymerization method. The rectifying characteristics of metal/semiconductor/metal (MSM) type sandwich devices with the film were studied. A Schottky type device metal (Cu, Al, Ti)/polyphthalocyanine/Cu shows reproducible rectifying characteristics when Ti is selected as a counter electrode. The reproducibility is improved by pre-oxidation treatment of the surface of Cu substrate. Best electric parameters for the device are as follows: rectifying ratio = 14; threshold potential difference = 0,61 V; saturation current = 2,5 · 10-6 A · cm-2; barrier height = 0,75 eV; diode ideality parameter = 4,23. Doping of five kinds of quinones [p-benzoquinone (p-BQ), tetrabromo-p-benzoquinone (p-TBBQ) tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (p-TCBQ) tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone (o-TCBQ) 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ)] and 2,5-cyclohexadien-1,4-diylidenedimalodinitrile (TNCR) in thin films of polyphthalocyanine affected electrocharacteristics in some cases. The diode ideality parameter decreases to 2,17 at 0,90 · 10-6 mol · cm-1 of p-TBBQ, and the rectifying ratio increases to about fourteen times by doping p-TBBQ and p-TCBQ. The doped device shows a rectifying response up to 1 kHz.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1042-7163
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,9-Dithia substituents in dibenzothiophenes are in close proximity, being within the van der Waals S-S contact contact distance (3.70 Å) [1], and hence, these two sulfur atoms affect each other by strong through-space interaction. Cyclic and acyclic dibenzothiophene derivatives bearing two sulfur atoms at the 1,9-positions, such as dibenzothiophene[1,9-fgh][1,5]dithionin (5) and 1,9-bis(methylthio)dibenzothiophene (1a) and their monosulfoxides 2a and 6 were treated with concd sulfuric acid as an oxidizing or deoxygenating reagent to produce the corresponding dithia dications 7 and 3a. The dithia dications 3a and 7 in concd sulfuric acid gave the monosulfoxides upon treatment with water. On the other hand, a rapid monodealkylation reaction proceeded in the case of 1,9-bis(ethylthio)dibenzothiophene (1b) and 1,9-bis(isopropylthio)dibenzothiophene (1c) and their monosulfoxides, on dissolution in concd sulfuric acid, afforded high yields of the sequentially dimerized disulfides 4b and 4c after treatment with water. The structure of the dimerized disulfide 4c was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis, and the following results were obtained: orthorhombic, P212121, a = 10.892(1) Å, b = 11.284(2) Å, c = 22.719(3) Å, V = 2792.1(5) Å3, Z = 4, ρ = 1.377 g/cm3, μ(MoKa) = 5.09 cm-1, R = 0.030 (Rw = 0.030). In this structure, the four sulfur atoms attached at the 1,9- and 1′,9′-positions of compound 4c are located in an approximately linear arrangement, and the two dibenzothiophene rings are separated by an average intraplanar ring distance of 3.58(8) Å. Furthermore, thermolysis and photolysis of compounds 1a-c were performed, and their reactivities were compared. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1042-7163
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,9-Bis(methylthio)dibenzothiophene (1a) was treated with one equivalent of bromine and pyridine in the presence of l-menthol and then with aqueous sodium hydroxide to give optically active 1-(methylsulfinyl)-9-(methylthio)dibenzothiophene (2a) enriched by the S isomer (ee: 57%). The configuration of optically pure sulfoxide (2a) was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis to be the S configuration at the sulfinyl sulfur atom. On the other hand, 1-(methyl-l-menthoxysulfonio)-9-(methylthio)dibenzothiophene tetrafluoroborate (4a) was isolated as an intermediate of this asymmetric oxidation in an optically pure form, as yellow crystals. The absolute configuration of this sulfonium salt (4a) was verified by X-ray crystallographic analysis as the R configuration. Optically pure sulfonium salt (4a) also gave partially optically active sulfoxide (2a) with net inversion on its hydrolysis. It was suggested that the hydrolysis reaction of the sulfonium salt (4a) accordingly proceeds, not only via a sulfurane having a simple SN2 type of geometry but also by a front side attack ofhydroxide anion, with respect to the l-menthoxy group, on sulfur, and the sequential elimination of the l-menthoxy group from the tetracoordinated intermediate. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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