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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 238 (2000), S. 631-641 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Background: This prospective, non-controlled pilot study investigates the practicability of IPE translocation and functional outcome in ARMD patients. Removal of submacular choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is usually associated with RPE damage and poor visual prognosis. Homologous RPE transplants fail to preserve macular function, possibly due to immune rejection. Instead of homologous RPE, we suggest translocating autologous iris pigment epithelium (IPE), building on earlier evidence from animal and in vitro investigations that IPE can substitute RPE functions in the experimental animal. Immunological cell rejection is avoided. Methods: Four eyes with well- defined and eight eyes with ill- defined subfoveal CNV were submitted to operation and followed up for a minimum of 6 months. IPE cells were harvested from a peripheral iridectomy. A vitrectomy was performed. Submacular membranes were removed, and isolated IPE cells were injected into the subretinal space. Examinations included ETDRS visual acuity, fluorescein angiography, and SLO microperimetry. Results: All patients underwent successful surgical removal of CNV and subretinal IPE injection. Compared to preoperative visual acuity (20/400–20/100) no significant change was observed after 6 months (20/320–16/80). A change of more than two ETDRS chart lines was defined as significant. One eye with preoperative ill-defined CNV developed a recurrence, leading to reduced visual acuity. In all patients, postoperative fluorescence angiography revealed early hyperfluorescence (window defect) in the surgically denuded area. Central fixation was demonstrated in 50% of eyes. Conclusions: Preliminary data suggests that IPE translocation in submacular surgery for ARMD can preserve but not improve preoperative visual acuity over 6 months. Functional results are promising compared to submacular membrane extraction alone and RPE transplantation. Continued research on improvement of IPE translocation seems justified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 224 (1986), S. 34-37 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight eyes were examined histologically after silicone oil injection. Intraretinal deposits suggestive of silicone were not present in attached retinas, but were frequently observed in detached retinas when subretinal silicone occurred. This may possibly be due to defects in the horizontal conducting structures of the retina such as those occurring in persistent detachment with disorganization of the retina. Morphologically, the retina was essentially normal 3.5 years after the silicone injection. This observation contradicts the idea that silicone oil has a toxic effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 227 (1989), S. 60-66 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Macrophages are fully differentiated cells that do not synthesize an extracellular matrix and do not contract; they do, however, produce substances that modify the behavior and functions of other cells, particularly those involved in the inflammatory and immune responses. Since macrophages are a ubiquitous component of periretinal membranes, we sought to determine whether they modulate proliferation and/or migration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, functions that may be essential for the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Using an in vitro assay, we found that macrophage supernatant contains factors that stimulate proliferation and migration of cultured human RPE cells. Since interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a product of activated macrophages that modulates a number of cellular functions, we also examined its effect on RPE proliferation and migration. We found that IL-1 increased migration but did not affect proliferation, and thus could not duplicate the effect of macrophage supernatant. Injection of activated macrophages into the vitreous of rabbits which had a retinal hole stimulated RPE cell proliferation in the area of the retinal hole, where the RPE cells were exposed. These findings suggest the ability of macrophages to modulate functions of RPE cells that are thought to be critical for the development of PVR. Macrophages may thus be an important part of the vitreous environment that favors the development of PVR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 6 (1974), S. 499-512 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé En s'appuyant sur l'exemple de la décomposition des complexes cobalt-pyridine, en conditions non-isothermes et sous vide, on présente une méthode de détermination des paramètres cinétiques sans faire appel à des relations hypothétiques entre la vitesse de réaction et la concentration. Des différences appréciables apparaissent suivant que la décomposition s'effectue sous la pression atmosphérique ou sous vide. En supposant que la vitesse de décomposition soit déterminée par la désorption des molécules de pyridine liées superficiellement et en équilibre avec les molécules internes des cristallites, on peut décrire le processus cinétique quantitativement.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Am Beispiel der nichtisothermen Zersetzung von Kobalt-Pyridin-Komplexen im Hochvakuum wird eine Methode zur Ermittlung der kinetischen Parameter angegeben, bei der keine hypothetischen Annahmen zur Abhängigkeit der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit von der Konzentration notwendig sind. Es ergeben sich signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Hochvakuum- und Atmosphärenzersetzung. Mit der Annahme einer geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Desorption von oberflächengebundenen Pyridinmolekülen, die sich im Gleichgewicht mit Molekülen im Inneren der Kristallite befinden, kann der kinetische Verlauf quantitativ beschrieben werden.
    Notes: Abstract On the example of the non-isothermal decomposition of pyridine complexes of Co(II)Clunder high-vacuum conditions, a method is demonstrated for determining kinetic parameters without assumptions concerning the dependence of the rate of reaction on the concentration. There are significant differences between decomposition under high-vacuum and atmospheric conditions. Experimental results can be described quantitatively assuming a rate-controlling desorption of surface-bound pyridine molecules in equilibrium with molecules in the interior of the crystallites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 180 (1982), S. 271-276 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Prothrombin ; Liver disease ; Synthesis of prothrombin ; Carboxylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following ribosomal synthesis of the protein moiety of prothrombin, postribosomal carboxylation in the liver is necessary to obtain prothrombin ready for physiologic activation. Both decarboxyprothrombin and carboxyprothrombin can be determined by means of specific activators. Using synthetic substrates for thrombin, a micro-prothrombin assay suitable for functional determinations of decarboxy- and carboxy-prothrombin in liver biopsies was evolved. Decarboxyprothrombin was not found in plasma, independent of the kind of liver disease. Prothrombin determination in 31 liver samples showed no relation between the absolute concentrations of carboxyprothrombin and decarboxyprothrombin and the kind of disease. The carboxyprothrombin fraction of total prothrombin was correlated with the activity of histologically estimated fibrosis in the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 93 (1996), S. 645-646 
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 95 (1998), S. 732-733 
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 237 (1999), S. 920-927 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  · Purpose: Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist used in chemotherapy regimens. Additional therapeutic applications have been suggested based on effect as an immuno-modulating drug in systemic rheumatoid disease and associated uveitis. Since chronic inflammatory disease is often associated with a neovascular response, we investigated the use of MTX for treatment of corneal angiogenesis.· Methods: Neovascularizations were induced by fibroblast growth factor in a corneal pocket model. Vessels were examined biomicroscopically. MTX was applied topically to rabbit corneas in a concentration of 0.2 mg/day. MTX level was measured in aqueous humor and plasma. · Results: On day 9 the vascularized area was 12.0±6.9 mm2 in control eyes and significantly smaller, 2.2±1.86 mm2, in treated eyes. Treated animals showed no local side effects such as epithelial defects. Although therapeutic levels were measured in the aqueous humor, MTX could not be detected in the serum of treated animals.· Conclusion: The antiangiogenic mechanism of MTX might be due to inhibition of both macrophage invasion during early angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation. The high levels in the aqueous humor indicate a possible application of topical MTX for inflammations of the anterior segment of the eye.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A new keratoprosthesis was used during pars plana vitrectomy in order to test the optical quality, watertightness, short-term biocompatibility and handling of the new device. The implantability was also tested, given that this keratoprosthesis might in future be left in place for several months. This Aachen keratoprosthesis (Aachen-KPro) is developed to be used as permanent implant to restore vision in corneal blind patients. Patient and methods: The Aachen-KPro was used during pars plana vitrectomy in 10 patients with opaque corneas. In four cases, trauma precipitated the ocular disease. Eye burn was the cause of corneal and retinal disorders in another four cases. One patient had a history of congenital glaucoma with myopia, and one of uveitis with corneal dystrophy. After trephination of 6.5 mm in diameter, the Aachen-KPro, composed of soft silicone rubber, was temporarily placed in the trephination hole. After completion of the vitrectomy, the Aachen-KPro was replaced by a 7 mm corneal graft. Results: Intraoperative use of the Aachen-KPro allowed uncomplicated intraoperative handling, smooth adaptation to the corneal rim in the trephination hole, and an undistorted view of the central and peripheral retina. Leakage, even during scleral depression, could be avoided by individual suturing of the scleral rim. After a follow-up period of 1–10 months, the retina was still attached in all cases. The corneal graft was clear after surgery in four eyes, and edema was found in three cases. Amnion or conjunctiva was placed over three patients’ transplants. Conclusion: We report the first temporary implantations of a new keratoprosthesis in 10 patients. Its flexibility and good optical qualities allowed control of intraoperative procedures. The outcome and prognosis of the vitreoretinal surgery and keratoplasty were related to the primary diagnosis. The Aachen-KPro has shown advantages, especially in eyes where the anterior eye segment is severely damaged by eye burn or previous surgical interventions. In the future, prolonged use of the Aachen-KPro is planned for selected eyes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 237 (1999), S. 915-919 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  · Background: The aetiology of most cases of keratitis remains unclear because the causative agents respond to broad-spectrum antibiotics. Problems occur when they become resistant to local therapies. Further diagnostic measures such as corneal scrapings or biopsies are then necessary. In order to ensure early and gentle biopsy followed by effective diagnosis within 24 h, corneal biopsy specimens were obtained with a microtrephine. · Patients and methods: Microbiopsies were obtained from 28 patients suffering from corneal infiltrates or ulcerative keratitis. Different stainings were used to identify the pathogens. Photographs of the clinical healing process were taken immediately after biopsy and during the follow-up. · Results: One hundred and ten microbiopsies were performed. One hundred and eighteen specimens could be obtained. No perforation occurred. In 5 of 10 cases in which herpetic keratitis was predicted, herpes DNA could be confirmed. The other five cases were found to be caused by other microbes. In 15 of 18 cases, the bacterial pathogen could be confirmed by Gram’s stain diagnosis after microtrephination. Corneal smear was positive in only 7 of these cases. In 2 of 6 cases, predicted to be caused by fungi, lactophenol-blue staining of the microbiopsies showed positive results. Corneal smear was positive in only 1 of these 2 fungal cases. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. No worsening of the disease as a result of treatment could be observed. · Conclusions: The confirmation of microbial cause of keratitis is more effective using microbiopsy than with corneal smears. As a result of the effective treatment after biopsy diagnosis, the majority of cases of keratitis healed. Local therapy seems to have been optimised due to the unroofing of infection during biopsy as well. Therefore microbiopsy in combination with laboratory diagnosis may prove to be a very useful diagnostic and possibly therapeutic method in the clinical routine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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