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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method for the diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic-necrotizing pancreatitis using contrast-enhanced CT (1984)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 9 (1984), S. 27-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Acute pancreatitis ; Computed tomography ; Contrast media
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-eight consecutive patients with a first attack of alcohol-induced pancreatitis were studied using contrast-enhanced CT. The findings on CT were then related to the course of the disease. The patients with acute hemorrhagic-necrotizing pancreatitis showed significantly lower enhancement values of the pancreatic parenchyma than those with milder forms of the disease. The next 20 patients with severe pancreatitis were scanned using a slightly modified procedure. The enhancement values were calculated and plotted on the graphs for the 2 former groups. Two categories of pancreatic enhancement were found: “low enhancement” and “high enhancement.” In all 10 patients with “low-enhancement” values surgery revealed hemorrhagic-necrotizing pancreatitis. In the 10 patients with “highenhancement” values conservative treatment was continued, and the clinical course was nonfulminant in all of them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01887796
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes in the rat stomach (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 104 (1995), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Local production of catecholamines in the stomach of the rat was studied by immunohistochemical demonstration of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT), the enzymes catalyzing the formation of dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline, respectively. A rich innervation of TH- and DBH-immunoreactive nerve fibers was seen in the muscular layers and the myenteric plexus, in the submucosa and in the walls of submucosal blood vessels and in the lamina propria at the base of the epithelial layer. In addition, TH-, but not DBH-immunoreactive nerve fiber networks surrounding ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus were frequently observed, indicating dopaminergic preganglionic innervation of the myenteric plexus. In the oxyntic epithelium, single TH- and DBH-immunoreactive fibers extended in the strands of lamina propria as far as the middle portion of the gastric glands. A small population of single angulate cells in the oxyntic epithelium showed TH-, but not DBH-immunoreactivity. No specific PNMT immunoreactivity was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01464787
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rupture of splanchnic artery aneurysms (1986)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 10 (1986), S. 123-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les résultats du traitement chirurgical de 6 ruptures d'anévrysmes des artères splanchniques traités à l'Hôpital Central Universitaire d'Helsinki de 1964 à 1984 sont étudiés par les auteurs. Ils concernent la rupture anévrysmale de 3 artères spléniques, de 2 artères hépatiques, de 1 artère mésentérique. Le diagnostic ne fut porté qu'au moment de l'intervention d'urgence pratiquée en présence d'un état de choc sévère s'accompagnant de douleur et de distension abdominales. Cinq des 6 opérés ont survécu, dont une femme enceinte chez qui une césarienne fut pratiquée avec succès. Ces résultats plaident en faveur de l'action chirurgicale d'urgence.
    Abstract: Resumen Se analizan los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de la ruptura aguda de aneurismas de arterias esplćnicas en 6 pacientes manejados en el Hospital Central de la Universidad de Helsinki en el periodo 1964–1984. Se presentaron 3 pacientes con ruptura de aneurismas de la arteria esplénica, 2 de la hepática y 1 de la mesentérica superior. La condición clínica se mantuvo sin diagnóstico durante la fase preoperatoria, y el diagnóstico sólo fue hecho en el curso de la laparotomía, procedimiento que fue realizado por shock severo, dolor abdominal y distensión. Cinco de los 6 pacientes sobrevivieron, incluyendo una mujer embarazada, quien dio a luz un niño vivo mediante sección cesárea. Los resultados indican que el enfoque quirúrgico inicial agresivo indicado por la condición clínica del paciente ofrece una buena oportunidad de supervivencia en pacientes que presentan ruptura de aneurismas de las arterias esplácnicas.
    Notes: Abstract The results of surgical therapy for acute ruptured splanchnic artery aneurysms in 6 patients treated at Helsinki University Central Hospital from 1964 to 1984 were analyzed. There were 3 patients with ruptured splenic, 2 with ruptured hepatic and 1 with ruptured superior mesenteric artery aneurysms. The condition remained undiagnosed in all patients preoperatively, and the diagnosis was obtained only at emergency laparotomy performed for severe shock, abdominal pain, and distension. Five of the 6 patients survived, including a pregnant woman, who gave birth to a living baby by ceserean section. The results indicate that immediate, aggressive surgical approach dictated by the clinical condition of the patient affords good survival in patients suffering from acute rupture of splanchnic artery aneurysms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01656103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laminins, tenascin and type VII collagen in colorectal mucosa (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 28 (1996), S. 431-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of different laminin polypeptides, type VII collagen and tenascin has been studied in adult and foetal colorectal mucosa by using the indirect immunofluorescence technique. Immunoreactivity for laminin α1 chain was located to basement membranes of epithelia, muscularis mucosae, and blood vessels, respectively in different segments of adult colon and rectum. Laminin β1 and γ1 chains were additionally expressed in lamina propria. Laminin α2 chain was also found in lamina propria around the pericyptal fibrollasts. Immunoreactivity for laminin β2 chain was restricted to basement membranes in the muscularis mucosae and arteries. Laminin α3 and β3 chains, suggestive for laminin-5, were confined especially to surface epithelial basement membranes. Immunoreactivity for type VII collagen was confined to basement membrane of surface epithelium in a punctate manner, while that for tenascin was seen slightly more broadly in the basement membrane zone and also in the muscular layer. The distribution of laminin chains in 16-week-foetal colon mostly resembled that of corresponding adult tissue, although immunoreactivities for laminin α2 and β2 chains were lacking. Type VII collagen and the high molecular weight isoform of tenascin also absent from the foetal colon. The results show that the basement membrane of the surface epithelium of colon and rectum express the components of epithelial adhesion complex, laminin-5 (α3-β3-γ2) and type VII collagen, resembling in this respect small intestine and stomach while laminin-2 (α2-β1-γ1) appears to be associated with pericryptal fibroblasts, and laminin-1 (α1-β1-γ1) widely in most basement membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02331434
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of vagotomy on expression of neuropeptides and histamine in rat oxyntic mucosa (1994)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 39 (1994), S. 353-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: gastric mucosa ; vagotomy ; bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide ; calcitonin gene-related peptide ; galanin ; histamine ; 5-hydroxytryptamine ; somatostatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of vagotomy and pyloroplasty on the density of nerve fibers containing bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and galanin as well as histamine-, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-, and somatostatin-containing cells in the oxyntic mucosa of the rat stomach was studied. Ten days after vagotomy and pyloroplasty the density of histamine-containing cells in the oxyntic mucosa was increased by 70% (P〈0.05), and these cells were larger and showed more extensive cell processes than in control animals. The density of 5-HT-immunoreactive (IR) cells and somatostatin-IR cells were not affected. A marked decrease in the density of CGRP-IR nerve fibers and a slighter decrease in the density of GRP-IR nerve fibers was observed in the mucosal layer, while only a minor reduction of CGRP-IR fibers, and no reduction of GRP-IR fibers was seen in the muscular layer. The density of galanin-IR nerve fibers was not affected. The height of the oxyntic mucosa was reduced by about 25% (P〈0.05). Thus, a striking effect on the histamine-IR cells was seen, supporting the view that these cells are regulated by the vagus nerve. The study also indicates that a major portion of the CGRP-IR nerve fibers, and part of the GRP-IR nerve fibers, in the mucosal layer of the fundic region are of vagal origin or regulated by normal vagus nerve activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02090208
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substance P- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive innervation in normal and inflamed pouches after restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis (1996)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 41 (1996), S. 1658-1664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease ; neuropeptide ; immunohistochemistry ; ileal pouch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies suggest that the intestinal polypeptides substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) play a role in the bowel inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of SP and VIP immunoreactivities in the ileal pouch of the patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Thirty-six patients underwent clinical evaluation, endoscopy, and histological examinations. Samples were taken from normal ileum (N=9), ileum of UC patients (N=9), normal ileal pouch (N=9), and pouchitis (N=9). SP- and VIP-containing nerve fibers were visualized in sections processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. The number and intensity of SP and VIP immunoreactivities were subjected to quantitative scoring. On samples from all groups lamina propria contained fibers showing bright immunofluorescence for SP and VIP. The number and intensity of SP immunoreactive nerve fibers were markedly increased in pouchitis as compared to normal pouch (P〈0.005), to ileum of UC patients (P〈0.001), and to normal ileum (P〈0.05). The number and intensity of VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the lamina propria were markedly increased in pouchitis patients and in those having a normal pouch as compared to pooled values of ileum of UC patients and normal ileum (P〈0.05). The results suggest that SP, which may play a role in mediating inflammatory processes, is increased in pouchitis and that VIP, which may contribute to the regulation of intestinal motility, is increased in the pouch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02087921
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substance P—An underlying factor for pouchitis? (1996)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 41 (1996), S. 1665-1671 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease ; neuropeptide ; immunohistochemistry ; mast cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies suggest that substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and mast cells play a role in inflammatory processes of the bowel. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of SP and VIP immunoreactivities and to count mast cells in the ileal pouch of patients, who had pouchitis after restorative proctocolectomy performed for treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), and to compare the findings in the same patients after a follow-up period. Nine patients with pouchitis underwent clinical evaluation, endoscopy of the pouch, and histological examination, which were repeated after the follow-up period of 14 months on average. The number and intensity of SP- and VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were visualized by immunofluorescence microscopy and subjected to quantitative scoring, and the number of mast cells per unit area was counted. The results were compared to the histological findings and the clinical status. Lamina propria contained fibers showing bright immunofluorescence for SP and VIP. The mean fluorescence intensity score of SP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the lamina propria remained similar after the follow-up period (2.99±0.79 and 2.06±0.82, NS). SP-immunoreactive innervation correlated with the grade of acute (R 2=0.5396,P=0.0242) and chronic inflammation (R 2=0.4561,P=0.0459), while SP and VIP immunoreactivity, mast cell count, and histological changes did not correlate with the clinical status. The present study demonstrates an increase in the density of SP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in inflamed ileal pouch mucosa of clinically asymptomatic pouchitis patients. These results raise the possibility of therapeutic interference of SP-related processes in treatment of pouchitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02087922
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) in Healing Intestinal Anastomoses and Short Bowel Syndrome in Rats (1999)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 44 (1999), S. 1554-1564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: INTESTINE ; ANASTOMOSIS ; REPAIR ; SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME ; ADAPTATION
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Due to the proposed functions in soft tissuerepair, we evaluated the spatial and temporaldistribution of SPARC, a counteradhesive, matricellularglycoprotein in healing intestinal anastomoses and short bowel syndrome (SBS) in rats. Intestinalanastomoses were performed in the jejunum of male Wistarrats. SBS was induced by resecting 70% of the smallbowel. In situ hybridization was performed to localize SPARC mRNA and immunohistochemical studies forlocating the SPARC protein. The granulation tissue inthe anastomotic area exhibited immunoreactivity forSPARC at all time points. The level of expression was maximal at seven to nine days. Endothelialcells of capillaries, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasticcells, and macrophages, as well as mesothelial cells onthe serosal surface, were stained. The immunoreactivity was mostly intracellular. SPARC mRNAtranscripts were localized to the edges of theanastomotic area at days 1 and 4 and on the newly formedgranulation tissue later. The expression of SPARC mRNAwas maximal at seven days and decreased thereafter. Both innormal controls and in SBS, SPARC was expressed inendothelial cells of submucosal capillaries and insmooth muscle cells but not in epithelium. Based on the restricted temporal and spatialdistribution during the healing of intestinalanastomoses and in SBS we propose that SPARC plays asignificant role in intestinal repair andadaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026602708263
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of Na+-H+-antiport in restitution of isolated guinea pig gastric epithelium after superficial injury (1996)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 41 (1996), S. 2187-2194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: gastrointestinal epithelium ; restitution ; Na+-H+-antiport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In addition to its pHi regulatory function Na+-H+-antiport is also involved in volume regulation of epithelial cells, particularly in neutral conditions. It is also known that the antiport is activated after ligand binding following growth factor receptor activation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of the antiport in restitution of gastric mucosa and whether its activity is dependent on the type of superficial injury. Therefore the fundic epithelium of guinea pig stomach was perfused in an Ussing chamber in neutral conditions. Na+-H+- and Cl−-HCO 3 − -antiports were inhibited with 1.0 mM amiloride, 1.0 mM SITS, or with HCO 3 − removal and Na+-K+-2Cl2−-cotransporter with 0.3 M furosemide during 4 hr of restitution after superficial injury induced either by 1.25 M NaCl or by 1.0% Triton. Luminal exposure of the epithelium to amiloride had no effect on restitution but serosal application abolished the process completely. The inhibitory effect of amiloride was similar after both NaCl and Triton injury. The inhibition of Cl−-HCO 3 − -antiport with SITS interfered with the process as well, while HCO 3 − removal had no significant inhibitory effect, nor did the inhibition of Na+-K+-2Cl−-cotransporter. The morphologic findings were in accordance with the electrophysiologic measurements in each pair of tissues. It is concluded that the Na+-H+-antiport is essential for the epithelial cells during restitution even in neutral conditions, but a functional Cl−-HCO 3 − -antiport is also required. The activity of Na+-H+-antiport is sensitive to basolateral amiloride and is necessary regardless of the type of chemical injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02071399
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nerve Terminals Containing Neuropeptides Decrease in Number After Massive Proximal Small Bowel Resection in the Piglet (1998)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 43 (1998), S. 1102-1110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: NEUROPEPTIDES ; INTESTINAL ADAPTATION ; SMALL BOWEL RESECTION ; PIG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate possiblechanges in the neuropeptide innervation pattern of theremaining porcine ileum following 75% proximal resectionof the small intestine. Three-month-old piglets were operated on and two months postoperativelyfullthickness specimens of the proximal part of thedistal ileum wall were taken. Age-matched 3- and5-month-old unoperated piglets were used as controls. The number and intensity of VIP-, galanin-,enkephalin-, substance P-, and somatostatin-containingnerve fibers were estimated in sections processed forimmunofluorescence microscopy and subjected toquantitative scoring. The VIP-, galanin-, andenkephalin-immunoreactive fibers of the circular musclelayer and villi were also quantitated bycomputer-assisted morphometry. The number and intensityof VIP-immunoreactive fibers in the mucosa and circular muscle layermarkedly decreased after resection as compared to3-month-old and 5-month-old controls (P 〈 0.05). Thegalanin immunoreactivity index decreased significantly after resection in the circular muscle layer ascompared to both control groups (P 〈 0.05). Theincrease in the number of enkephalin-immunoreactivenerve fibers that normally occurred from 3 to 5 monthsof age was inhibited by the resection. We were notable to see any differences in somatostatin or substanceP immunoreactivity between the groups. The resultssuggest that massive resection induces significant changes in the neuropeptide-containinginnervation of the remaining small intestine. Thesefindings are compatible with altered motor activity andmucosa function in the remain intestine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018803423167
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