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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Special Introduction (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 18 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1998.tb00923.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Near-Miss Incident Management in the Chemical Process Industry (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing Inc.
    Risk analysis 23 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This article provides a systematic framework for the analysis and improvement of near-miss programs in the chemical process industries. Near-miss programs improve corporate environmental, health, and safety (EHS) performance through the identification and management of near misses. Based on more than 100 interviews at 20 chemical and pharmaceutical facilities, a seven-stage framework has been developed and is presented herein. The framework enables sites to analyze their own near-miss programs, identify weak management links, and implement systemwide improvements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1539-6924.00326
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compliance Strategies and Regulatory Effectiveness of Performance-Based Regulation of Chemical Accident Risks (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 18 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This paper investigates the role that performance-based regulations can play in linking a firm's environmental, health, and safety concerns with their corporate strategy. The specific focus is on the performance standards required by the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) which require firms that store or use certain chemicals to develop a Risk Management Plan (RMP) for reducing the likelihood and impact of accidents at their plants. Data from a series of case studies and interviews of executives in chemical firms reveal that proactive companies integrated many of the requirements of the CAAA into their management systems prior to the regulatory requirements. Most of these firms tend to be large ones. Small firms often lack the resources to implement these regulations and hence have tended to have a more difficult time with compliance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1998.tb00925.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accident Epidemiology and the U.S. Chemical Industry: Accident History and Worst-Case Data from RMP*Info (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Risk analysis 23 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This article reports on the data collected on one of the most ambitious government-sponsored environmental data acquisition projects of all time, the Risk Management Plan (RMP) data collected under section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. This RMP Rule 112(r) was triggered by the Bhopal accident in 1984 and led to the requirement that each qualifying facility develop and file with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency a Risk Management Plan (RMP) as well as accident history data for the five-year period preceding the filing of the RMP. These data were collected in 1999–2001 on more than 15,000 facilities in the United States that store or use listed toxic or flammable chemicals believed to be a hazard to the environment or to human health of facility employees or off-site residents of host communities. The resulting database, RMP*Info, has become a key resource for regulators and researchers concerned with the frequency and severity of accidents, and the underlying facility-specific factors that are statistically associated with accident and injury rates. This article analyzes which facilities actually filed under the Rule and presents results on accident frequencies and severities available from the RMP*Info database. This article also presents summaries of related results from RMP*Info on Offsite Consequence Analysis (OCA), an analytical estimate of the potential consequences of hypothetical worst-case and alternative accidental releases on the public and environment around the facility. The OCA data have become a key input in the evaluation of site security assessment and mitigation policies for both government planners as well as facility managers and their insurers. Following the survey of the RMP*Info data, we discuss the rich set of policy decisions that may be informed by research based on these data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1539-6924.00365
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Complementary Roles of Mitigation and Insurance in Managing Catastrophic Risks (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 19 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This paper examines the impact that insurance coupled with specific risk mitigation measures (RMMs) could have on reducing losses from hurricanes and earthquakes as well as improving the solvency position of insurers who provide coverage against these hazards. We first explore why relatively fewindividuals adopt cost-effective RMMs by reporting on the results of empirical studies and controlled laboratory studies. We then investigate the impact that an RMM has on both the expected losses and those from a worst case scenario in two model cities-Oakland (an earthquake-prone area) and Miami/Dade County (a hurricane-prone area) which were constructed respectively with the assistance of two modeling firms. The paper then explores three programs for forging a meaningful public-private sector partner- ship: well-enforced building codes, insurance premium reductions linked with long-term loans, and lower deductibles on insurance policies tied to mitigation. We conclude by briefly examining four issues for future research on linking mitigation with insurance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1999.tb00442.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Informational Regulation of Environmental Risks (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 18 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This paper examines the law and economics of informational regulation (IR) of environmental risks. Informational regulation here means regulation which provides to affected stakeholders information on the operations of regulated entities, usually with the expectation that such stakeholders will then exert pressure on these entities to comply with regulations in a manner which serves the interests of stakeholders. As such, IR reinforces and augments direct regulatory monitoring and enforcement through third-party monitoring and incentives. The paper provides two contrasting frameworks, from law and economics, to analyze the costs and benefits likely to arise from IR and concludes with a discussion of the appropriate scope of IR as a substitute for and complement of traditional environmental regulation and law.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1998.tb00927.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Complementary Roles of Mitigation and Insurance in Managing Catastrophic Risks (1999)
    Springer
    Risk analysis 19 (1999), S. 727-738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Keywords: mitigation ; insurance ; catastrophic risk ; building codes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines the impact that insurance coupled with specific risk mitigation measures (RMMs) could have on reducing losses from hurricanes and earthquakes as well as improving the solvency position of insurers who provide coverage against these hazards. We first explore why relatively few individuals adopt cost-effective RMMs by reporting on the results of empirical studies and controlled laboratory studies. We then investigate the impact that an RMM has on both the expected losses and those from a worst case scenario in two model cities—Oakland (an earthquake-prone area) and Miami/Dade County (a hurricane-prone area) which were constructed respectively with the assistance of two modeling firms. The paper then explores three programs for forging a meaningful public-private sector partnership: well-enforced building codes, insurance premium reductions linked with long-term loans, and lower deductibles on insurance policies tied to mitigation. We conclude by briefly examining four issues for future research on linking mitigation with insurance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007097906602
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Economic depreciation and the regulated firm under competition and technological change (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of regulatory economics 4 (1992), S. 51-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0468
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Capital recovery is increasingly important to utilities, especially telephone companies, when technological change and competitive entry are occurring. In the absence of efficient capital recovery policies companies are going to see their equity eroded. In addition to losses by the companies there are likely to be losses to ratepayers in the form of reductions in service quality and higher rates in the future. To address the above problem this paper first reviews economic depreciation and capital recovery in the simple case of a regulated single product monopoly facing competitive entry. It employs the concept of economic depreciation to show how capital recovery policies will be front-loaded. It also develops the concept of the window of opportunity for capital recovery. There is a limited time for regulators to take remedial action, and if timely action is not taken there is no alternative but for the company to fail to recover some of its capital. These results are shown under both traditional rate of return and price caps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00134218
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peak-load pricing and reliability under uncertainty (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of regulatory economics 5 (1993), S. 5-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0468
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper develops the welfare foundations of peak-load pricing under uncertainty, building on Brown and Johnson (1969), Crew and Kleindorfer (1976), and Chao (1983). The context is that of a welfare-maximizing public enterprise facing uncertain and nondeferrable demand, and uncertain supply. The paper first describes various elements of outage cost, including rationing costs, disruption costs, and surplus losses due to unsatisfied demand. Exact welfare-optimal results are then derived, in contrast to the earlier approximations by Turvey and Anderson (1977) and Chao (1983). The results are generalized to take account of diverse technologies and multiple planning periods, and their implications for utility pricing and investment in an integrated resource planning context are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066311
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incentive regulation in the United Kingdom and the United States: Some lessons (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of regulatory economics 9 (1996), S. 211-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0468
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary and Conclusions This paper has reviewed the approach to incentive regulation in the United Kingdom and the United States. The United Kingdom approach has typically relied on pure PCR, incorporating much sharper incentives for efficiency and lower transactions costs, but it makes the company more of a hostage to the regulator. The United States approach, which is grounded or even mired in the legal system, gives up efficiency incentives in an attempt to avoid making the companies the hostages of regulatory reneging.27 The papers in this Issue illustrate the broad scope of incentive regulation, from the purer forms of PCR to a number of variations and mixtures of PCR with other forms of regulation. The interesting theoretic results and the importance of achieving practical solutions in incentive regulation underscore the importance of the problems and approaches raised in this Issue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00133474
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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