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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lanthanum ion exchange on HZSM-5 (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 28 (1989), S. 1748-1752 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00096a002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Butene oligomerization over ion-exchanged mordenite (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 27 (1988), S. 248-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00074a007
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dopamine d2 receptor agonists in a pituitary transplantation-induced hyperprolactinaemia/anovulation model in rats (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. In the present study, we investigated the effects of hyperprolactinaemia, induced by transplantation of anterior pituitary glands under the kidney capsule in female rats, on the relationship between serum and pituitary concentrations of the gonadotropins and on the oestrous cycle.2. Rats with pituitary transplants showed increased serum prolactin concentrations and decreased serum concentrations of gonadotropins and increased pituitary concentrations of gonadotropins. Moreover, these rats showed persistent dioestrous and anovulation from 3 to 6 days after transplantation.3. A single oral administration of cabergoline (at doses between 0.001 and 0.1 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited the elevated serum prolactin concentrations in hyperprolactinaemic rats. At 0.1 mg/kg, cabergoline induced a continuous reduction in serum prolactin concentrations for 5 days after administration. Terguride (0.1 mg/kg) and bromocriptine (10 mg/kg) also reduced serum prolactin concentrations at 1 and 3 days after administration. All three dopamine D2 receptor agonists increased serum gonadotropin concentrations and ovarian weight at 3 days after administration.4. In rats exhibiting anovulation, a single oral administration of any one of the three dopamine D2 receptor agonists dose-dependently restored ovulation and a normal oestrous cycle appeared. Oral administration of cabergoline (0.03 mg/kg) or terguride (0.1 mg/kg) restored ovarian function and abolished the anovulation following a reduction in serum prolactin concentrations. However, bromocriptine (10 mg/kg) did not completely abolish anovulation. Following administration of terguride (0.3 mg/kg) or bromocriptine (30 mg/kg), only one normal oestrous cycle appeared; however, following cabergoline (0.1 mg/kg), two normal oestrous cycles appeared.5. These results suggest that cabergoline has a potent and long-lasting action as a dopamine D2 receptor agonist and, thus, should be a useful drug for the treatment of galactorrhoea and hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea and/or anovulation in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03495.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppressive Effects Of Oxcarbazepine On Tooth Pulp-Evoked Potentials Recorded At The Trigeminal Spinal Tract Nucleus In Cats (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of oxcarbazepine, a keto derivertive of carbamazepine (an anticonvulsant), in an animal model. To evoke a nociceptive response, we electrically stimulated the maxillary canine tooth pulp (MCTP) in anaesthetized (allobarbital–urethane), spontaneously breathing cats.2. The evoked potentials were recorded from the superficial layers of the caudal part of the trigeminal spinal tract nucleus (5ST). We examined a slow component with a large amplitude (the P3 component) in evoked compound potentials; its mean conduction velocity was 1.7 m/s, suggesting a response mediated by C-fibres.3. To confirm that the P3 component was related to pain sensation, we used morphine, a most efficacious antinociceptive agent, in the present study. The P3 component was significantly suppressed by intravenous administration of morphine (3 mg/kg) and was also suppressed by microinjection of morphine (2 μg) into the recording site of the 5ST. These results suggest that the P3 component is involved in the transmission of nociceptive information.4. We compared the effect of oxcarbazepine with mexiletine; both are known to block neuronal Na+ channels. Intravenous administration of mexiletine suppressed the P3 component at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Microinjection of mexiletine (10 μg) into the recording site of the 5ST tended to suppress the P3 component, but this effect was not significant.5. Intravenous administration of oxcarbazepine (1–10 mg/kg) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the P3 component, which was significantly suppressed at 10 mg/kg oxcarbazepine. Intravenous administration of 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxy- 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide (MHD), a metabolite of oxcarbazepine, at doses of 3–30 mg/kg caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the P3 component. Oxcarbazepine was not available for the microinjection study because it is not water soluble. We used MHD for the microinjection study instead of oxcarbazepine, because MHD can be dissolved in water up to 3 mg/mL. Microinjections of MHD (6 μg) into the recording site of the 5ST suppressed the P3 component. These results indicate that oxcarbazepine has an antinociceptive action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03431.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxcarbazepine antinociception in animals with inflammatory pain or painful diabetic neuropathy (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most frequent complications of diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanisms underlying these disorders are not yet well defined and it has been reported that currently available analgesics have hardly any ameliorating effect on painful diabetic neuropathy.2. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of oxcarbazepine (OCBZ), a keto derivative of carbamazepine (CBZ), in animal models generally used in pain research and in rats and mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. In addition, we compared the effect of OCBZ with those of CBZ, mexiletine and morphine.3. Diabetes was induced by injection of STZ at a dose of 300 mg/kg (i.p.) in mice and 50 mg/kg (i.v.) in rats. Experiments were conducted 2 weeks after STZ injection and those animals with a serum glucose level above 400 mg/dL were used for data analysis. Antinociceptive effects of the drugs were evaluated by the paw withdrawal test (normal, STZ-induced diabetic and carrageenin-injected rats), tail-flick test (normal and STZ-induced diabetic mice) and nociceptive behaviour (formalin-injected mice).4. In the present study, diabetic mice showed thermal hyperalgesia and diabetic rats exhibited mechanical hyperalgesia. From these results, the STZ-induced diabetic animals used in the present study were found to be suitable for research on painful diabetic neuropathy. In STZ-induced diabetic animals, the antinociceptive effects of OCBZ, CBZ and mexiletine were facilitated, whereas the effect of morphine was attenuated, compared with effects in normal animals.5. Oxcarbazepine inhibited the formalin-induced biphasic pain responses and increased the nociceptive threshold in the case of carrageenin-induced hyperalgesia. In view of these results, inhibition of substance P-mediated pain transmission may be involved in the antinocieptive action of OCBZ.6. These results indicate that OCBZ has an analgesic action and is a possible therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuropathic pain, such as occurs in painful diabetic neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.03950.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect Of Kad-1229, A Novel Hypoglycaemic Agent, On Plasma Glucose Levels After Meal Load In Type 2 Diabetic Rats (2002)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effects of KAD-1229 (a novel non-sulphonylurea agent), voglibose (an α-glucosidase inhibitor) and nateglinide (a non-sulphonylurea antihyperglycaemic agent) on hyperglycaemia induced by a meal load were assessed in diabetic rats.2. KAD-1229 suppressed the increase in plasma glucose levels seen after a meal load and the area under the curve for plasma glucose levels (AUCglucose) up to 5 h after the meal load.3. Voglibose also suppressed the increase in plasma glucose levels; however, a significant decrease in AUCglucose following voglibose was not observed.4. Nateglinide suppressed the increase in plasma glucose levels at 30 min and 1 h after the meal load; however, plasma glucose levels was above control thereafter and the AUCglucose was not decreased.5. The results indicate that KAD-1229 has an antihyperglycaemic effect and KAD-1229 is suggested to be a suitable agent for controlling post-prandial hyperglycaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03682.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An antiviral substance extracted from Streptococcus faecalis (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 268 (1977), S. 733-734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] S. faecalis organisms cultivated in VF bouillon supplemented with 1% glucose and 0.04% cystine were washed and sonicated (20 KHz, 30 min). Supernatant fluid obtained by a centrifugation (12,000g, 30 min) was the crude extract; the protein content was determined by the method of Lowry et a/.12. Test ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/268733a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment effects of bisphosphonates on ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in rats: Comparison between clodronate and etidronate (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of bone and mineral metabolism 17 (1999), S. 252-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5604
    Keywords: Key words: clodronate ; etidronate ; ovariectomy ; treatment effect ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We studied the effects of clodronate and etidronate on bone loss induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in rats. Drug administration was initiated 8 weeks after the surgery and continued for 12 weeks (twice per week, s.c.). Lumbar (L4–L5) bone mineral density (BMD) and femoral BMD in the sham-operated group were increased to 113% and 114%, respectively, whereas those in OVX group were suppressed to 98.8% and 105%. Clodronate significantly restored the suppressed BMD over the entire dose range used (4–25 mg/kg). Etidronate restored BMD only at 4 mg/kg. In a histomorphometric analysis of lumbar vertebrae, both bisphosphonates depressed the amount of labeled surface, which was increased by OVX, to 11.9%–20.1% of the OVX group value for clodronate and to 0.23%–9.7% of the OVX group value for etidronate. The osteoid area was significantly increased by etidronate treatment over the entire dose range (OS/BS, 175%–295%). On the other hand, the osteoid area in the clodronate group did not increase at any dose tested (OS/BS, 38.1%–49.9%). Urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline and plasma level of osteocalcin were elevated in the OVX group (162%–182% and 123%, respectively), suggesting that OVX enhanced bone turnover. Both bisphosphonates suppressed the bone turnover accelerated by OVX, and the data indicated that both bisphosphonates recovered BMD by means of inhibition of bone resorption. These data suggested that clodronate and etidronate reversed osteopenia induced by ovariectomy in rats. As judged from the dose response of BMD and histomorphometric findings, clodronate showed a wider safety margin than etidronate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007740050092
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population based cataract epidemiological surveys utilising a photodocumentation system (1994)
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 88 (1994), S. 277-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: Cataract ; Prevalence ; Epidemiology ; Latitudinal study ; Scheimpflug image ; Quantitative analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract For the past 10 years, the authors have performed cataract epidemiological surveys in several places. All of them were principally population based and applied new types of photodocumention systems which were developed by our department. The survey places in Japan were Noto, our main survey field located in the centre of the main island of Japan, one village in the subtropical island of Okinawa, a village in the northern island of Hokkaido and one village (Bukittinggi) in West-Sumatra, Indonesia, very close to the equator. The survey methods applied including an interview and ophthalmological examinations, were almost identical in each place and the authors believe that the quality of the examinations was at high level. The cataract classification and grading systems applied were those established by the Japanese Co-operative Cataract Epidemiology Study Group. At present, no significant prominent difference of cataract prevalence and distribution of cataract types have been found in the three Japan survey places. The distribution of cataract types in the Indonesian subjects however, was different from the Japanese subjects. The lens transparency ratio in the Noto survey was quite similar to that of a Dutch study. From photographic images of both opaque and transparent lenses much objective information which be cannot detected through naked eye observation is obtainable. Furthermore, data obtained from the images are comparable because of their objectivity. Although the methodology seems to be rather sophisticated and is costly, the above advantages make it an important asset in this type of cataract research. For example, lens transparency changes with ageing can be indicated quantitatively from image analysis data. Based on the above analytical data, we consider that prominent lens transparency loss may start in the late 40's.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01203681
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