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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oestrogen retards the development of spontaneous thymomas in BUF/Mna rats (1992)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 421 (1992), S. 505-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Inbred BUF/Mna rats ; Thymoma ; Oestrogens ; Oestrogen receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary BUF/Mna rats develop spontaneous thymomas with nearly 100% incidence in both sexes. While the thymomas in males develop from around 9 months of age, those in females start from 13–15 months of age. To clarify the mechanism of the delay of thymomagenesis in females, the effect of sex hormones on the development of thymomas was examined after either gonadectomy or oestrogen treatment. Prepubertal ovariectomy accelerated the thymoma development in females, whereas orchiectomy did not affect it. An intraperitoneal injection of oestriol (20 mg) into males at 2 months of age remarkably diminished the thymic weight to about one-tenth of age-matched controls at 16 months of age. These results suggest that oestrogen can actually retard the onset of thymoma in spite of genetic control of its incidence. However, oestrogen did not cause thymic involution when it was injected into rats over 9 months of age. Immunohistochemically, there seemed to be no distinct difference in distribution of oestrogen-receptor-bearing epithelial cells between thymomas and 2- to 3- month-old thymuses. The oestrogen sensitivity of the thymus might be destined to be lost, as the thymic epithelial cells start neoplastic changes with the impairment of oestrogen-receptor function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01606880
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Promoting effect of estrogen on regeneration of the liver transplanted to an ectopic site in mice (1986)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 409 (1986), S. 453-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Liver transplantation ; Regeneration promoting effect ; Estrogen ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A single oral administration of a pharmacological dose of estriol (E3) immediately after transplantation of small liver fragments of mice under the kidney capsule induced a remarkable growth of regenerating liver tissue. The hepatocytes were successfully arranged in cords with well developed sinusoids between them. The cytoplasm of the hepatocytes showed prominent basophilia. In mice injected with carbon intravenously, large numbers of carbon-laden endothelial lining cells and Kupffer cells apeared in the newly building sinusoids. E3 raised the mitotic activity of the regenerating hepatocytes markedly and for a long period. The act of E3 on mitosis was much more effective on the regenerating hepatocytes than on the recipient's own hepatocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705416
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of estriol on the production of alpha-fetoprotein by the liver in adult mice (1987)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 411 (1987), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Alpha-Fetoprotein ; Estrogen ; Liver ; Mouse ; Adult
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A single intraperitoneal injection with a 10 mg estriol (E3) in aqueous suspension induced a large and prolonged elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in adult mice. E3 also raised the mitotic activity of hepatocytes in the absence of liver injury. Although both the AFP concentration and hepatocyte proliferation reached the peak on day 5 after E3 administration, a high level (about 12500 ng/ml) of serum AFP persisted for a long period after hepatocyte proliferation declined. Five mg E3 showed a remarkable threshold effect on AFP elevation and 3 mg E3 on hepatocyte proliferation. Immunohistochemical studies indicated AFP production by hepatocytes in adult mice after the E3 administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00734507
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splenic marginal-zone macrophages and marginal metallophils in rats and mice (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 263-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spleen ; Macrophages ; Marginal metallophils ; Marginal zone ; Fluorescent analog microscopy ; Rat ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The splenic macrophages of rats and mice were studied by light and fluorescence microscopy to determine their phagocytotic uptake of carbon and neutral polysaccharide (Fic-F), and their lysosomal enzyme activities. In rats, the large macrophages of the marginal zone (MZ) showed a moderate to strong acid phosphatase activity, and took up most of the Fic-F, even though they showed a weak phagocytotic activity to carbon particles. Red-pulp macrophages, however, ingested a large quantity of carbon particles, and are considered to be the major scavengers in the rat spleen. In contrast, the MZ macrophages in the mouse spleen were the major scavengers and showed a vigorous uptake of both carbon and Fic-F. In rats, the marginal metallophils (MM), located at the outer border of the periarterial lymphatic sheath and boundary between the MZ bridging channel and surrounding tissue, ingested Fic-F, whereas those located around the follicular area did not. In mice, on the other hand, the MM never ingested Fic-F. Lightly carbon-ladened small cells were constantly seen in the MZ of both rats and mice. They showed little acid phosphatase activity and did not ingest Fic-F. They were also present in the blood circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215888
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splenic outer periarterial lymphoid sheath (PALS): An immunoproliferative microenvironment constituted by antigen-laden marginal metallophils and ED2-positive macrophages in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 257 (1989), S. 459-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spleen ; Periarterial lymphoid sheath (PALS) ; Macrophage subpopulations ; Microenvironment ; B-lymphocytes ; Immune response ; Cell proliferation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat (DA)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In an attempt to reveal the role of antigen-laden marginal metallophil (MM) and other macrophages in the intrasplenic immune response of a specific B-cell lineage to a thymus-independent type-2 antigen (Ficoll conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate), simultaneous immuno-histological observations of the involved cells were performed in the rat. By newly established methods of double or triple immunostainings, time-kinetics of the following parameters were studied and compared: (1) the antigen, (2) the specific antibody-forming cells (AFC) directed to the fluorescein-isothiocyanate determinant, (3) proliferating cells labeled with 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), and (4) macrophage subpopulations recognized by monoclonal antibodies (ED2 and ED3). The antigen localized stably not only in the marginal-zone macrophages but also in the MM except around the follicular area. The increase of BrdU-positive cells was observed from day 2 up to day 4 after antigen injection mostly in the periphery of the periarterial lymphoid sheath (outer PALS), which indicated antigen-induced proliferation. As a novel finding, the majority of AFC, both BrdU-positive and -negative, were either closely associated with the antigen-laden MM, or forming cell clusters with ED2-positive macrophages in the outer PALS. In contrast, there were very few AFC in juxtaposition to antigen-free MM in the follicular area or the antigen-laden marginal zone macrophages. The results led to the proposal of a hypothesis that the antigen-laden MM together with ED2-positive macrophages constitute an immunoproliferative microenvironment for the plasmacellular reaction by accumulating the antigen-specific B-cell lineage and promoting these cells to differentiate into the AFC and to proliferate in the outer PALS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221456
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Migration of macrophages from the marginal zone to germinal centers in the spleen of mice (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 212 (1985), S. 172-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Histological observations of the mouse spleen were carried out at different times after intravenous carbon injection. Large carbon-laden macrophages appeared in great numbers in the marginal zone soon after injection. They came together favorably around the germinal centers. Possible migration of these cells toward the germinal centers diffusely from the periphery of the white pulp or through the periarterial lymphoid sheath was suggested. These macrophages entered the germinal centers on a large scale and clustered for a long period-at least 180 days. Since the same type of macrophages were observed persistently in the marginal zone, it was thought that some of them might arise from the blood stream. Possible migration of these cells from the marginal zone toward the germinal centers was also persistently observed.A second type of much smaller carbon-laden macrophages was seen in the white pulp. However, they never showed any favorable localization in the germinal centers as did large carbon-laden macrophages.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092120211
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization in the rat spleen of carbon-laden macrophages introduced into the splenic artery: A subpopulation of macrophages entering the white pulp (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 227 (1990), S. 464-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Heavily carbon-laden (HC) macrophages, largely derived from the red pulp of the donor spleen, were injected into the splenic artery of recipient rats. Immediately after injection, HC macrophages were found only in the marginal sinus and in the splenic cords. With time after injection, they appeared successively at the periphery of the white pulp, in the deeper white pulp, and finally in and near the germinal centers, suggesting migration of HC macrophages from the marginal sinus towards the germinal centers. The number of HC macrophages in and near the germinal centers reached a peak at 12 h. Most of the HC macrophages in the white pulp were spherical or ovoid in shape with a diameter of 7-11 μm in sections, having an eccentric round or oval nucleus often with a distinct nucleolus and a cap-like or horseshoe-like cytoplasm filled with carbon. When immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against rat macrophage subpopulations, more than 90% of HC macrophages in the white pulp were found to be ED1+2-3-. A population of the same type of macrophages, both in morphology and phenotype, were found in the red pulp of the donor spleen. They were different from the major residents, red pulp scavenger macrophages, which were ED1+2-3- and larger in size and irregular in shape. These results suggest the presence of a distinct subpopulation of macrophages which actively migrate into the splenic white pulp including the germinal centers. A discharge of transferred macrophages from the red pulp to the general circulation is also suggested.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092270410
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