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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Key words Urethral plug/regulators • Mini-devices • Urinary stress incontinence • Pelvic floor re-education ; Schlüsselwörter Harnröhrenregulatoren ; Mini-Devices ; Streßinkontinenz ; Beckenbodentraining
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Interesse an konservativen Therapiemethoden zur Behandlung einer genuinen Streßinkontinenz der Frau hat deutlich zugenommen. Der Einsatz von Harnröhrenstiften/Regulatoren, sog. Mini-Devices, stellt eine junge Behandlungsmethode dar, über deren klinische Erfolgsraten und Langzeitergebnisse noch wenig bekannt ist. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit nimmt eine kritische Wertung der aus der Literatur verfügbaren Langzeitstudien sowie den eigenen Erfahrungen mit den derzeit verfügbaren Harnröhrenstiften/Regulatoren vor und untersucht neue Entwicklungen auf diesem Gebiet. Die erzielbaren Kontinenzraten sind abhängig von den eingesetzten Stiften/Regulatoren, dem Schweregrad der Streßinkontinenz, der Patientengeschicklichkeit und Compliance und werden mit 48 % bis 100 % im Langzeit-Follow-up angegeben. Als häufigste Nebenwirkungen treten Harnwegsinfektionen, Makrohämaturien und/oder Handhabungsprobleme auf. Die Auswertung des Datenmaterials zeigt, daß zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt kein fester Therapiestandard in der Behandlung der genuinen Streßinkontinenz der Frau mit Harnröhren-Mini-Devices gegeben werden kann. Allerdings zeigen die Studien auch, daß bei entsprechender Patientenselektion die Anwendung von Harnröhrenstiften/Regulatoren lohnenswert sein kann.
    Notes: Summary Conservative treatment of genuine stress urinary incontinence in females gained more and more interest. The use of mini-devices is one of the newly developed therapeutical options however, its clinical relevance and longterm-results are still under debate. This review article gives a critical evaluation of the available urethral plugs and regulators and new developments as well according to the longterm-follow-up studies in the literature and own experience with those devices. The continence rates that can be obtained with the different plugs or regulators are dependent upon the degree of stress incontinence, ability to insert the plug and compliance of the patient. Reported longterm results vary between 48 % and 100 %. The most frequent side effects are urinary infection, haematuria and/or handling problems with the devices. According to the published material it is impossible to give therapeutical standards for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence with urethral mini-devices. Although proper Patient selection might give excellent longterm-results in patient continence rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Müller-Gang-Zyste ; Fetale Hormonsynthese ; Maligne Entartung ; Therapie ; Key words Müllerian ducts ; Fetal hormone synthesis ; Malignant degeneration ; Therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Persistent remnants of the caudal müllerian ducts can manifest in several forms and are often associated with other urogenital disorders, especially hypospadias. Inadequate activity of the müllerian inhibiting factor, in addition to fetal testosterone deficiency, is responsible for this syndrome. The etiology, diagnosis and management of müllerian duct remnants are discussed. A complex case of penile-scrotal hypospadia, hypoplastic prostate gland, testicular ectopia and retrovesical cyst is presented.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Residuen der Müller-Gänge manifestieren sich in unterschiedlicher Ausprägung und sind überproportional häufig mit anderen urogenitalen Mißbildungen, insbesonders Hypospadien, assoziiert. Verantwortlich ist eine fetal-testiculäre Testosteronsynthesestörung mit begleitendem (strukturellem) Defizit oder mangelnder Supression des Zielgewebes durch den Müllerian-inhibiting-factor (MIF). Pathogenese und Möglichkeit der malignen Transformation, Diagnostik und Therapie komplexer urogenitaler Fehlentwicklungen werden am Fall einer penilskrotalen Hypospadie, Hodenatrophie, -ektopie, hypoplastischer Prostata und zystischer retrovesicaler Raumforderung diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Key words Stress urinary incontinence ; Female ; Longterm-results ; Burch ; Stamey ; Schlüsselwörter Streßinkontinenz ; Langzeitergebnisse ; Burch ; Stamey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die häufigste Inkontinenzform bei Frauen ist die Streßinkontinenz. Das gemeinsame Prinzip der üblichen operativen Ansätze ist die Anhebung des Blasenhalses nach kranial und ventral. In einer retrospektiven Studie wurden die Blasenhalssuspensionsplastik nach Stamey und die Kolposuspension nach Burch nachuntersucht, 2 konkurrierende Operationsverfahren. Von insgesamt 95 operierten Patientinnen konnte der postoperative Verlauf von 46 bzw. 30 Frauen (insgesamt 76) evaluiert werden. Beide Operationstechniken zeigten initial einen sehr guten Therapieerfolg (91,3 % bzw. 96,7 %), jedoch fiel die Kontinenzrate der Stamey-Patientinnen schon nach 6 Wochen auf 78,3 % ab und nach mehr als 2 Jahren waren nur noch 28,6 % der Patientinnen vollständig kontinent (mittl. Follow-up 40,4 Monate), im Gegensatz zu 87 % der Patientinnen nach Burch-Operation (mittl. Follow-up 44,25 Monate). Der Mißerfolg nach Stamey-Operation korrelierte nicht mit dem Grad der initialen Inkontinenz, allerdings waren stark übergewichtige Patientinnen deutlich häufiger mit Rezidiven behaftet. Bei allen 3 Patientinnen, die nach Kolposuspension nach Burch erneut eine Inkontinenz beklagten, war dieser Eingriff bereits ein Rezidiveingriff. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigten bezüglich des Langzeit-Follow-up gegenüber der Kolposuspension nach Burch deutlich schlechtere Ergebnisse der Blasenhalssuspension nach Stamey, so daß dieses Operationsverfahren unserer Meinung nach als Standard zugunsten der Burch-Kolposuspension und Faszienzügelplastik verlassen werden sollte.
    Notes: Summary Stress incontinence is the most frequent form of incontinence found in females. The usual method of surgery for this is to lift the bladder neck towards cranial and ventral. Two competitive techniques – bladder neck suspension in accordance with Stamey and colposuspension in accordance with Burch – were retrospectively investigated. A total of 95 women underwent surgery and it was possible to evaluate the postoperative course in 46 and 30 (total 76) patients respectively. Initially, both surgical techniques demonstrated a very good success rate (91.3 % and 96.7 % resp.). However, the continence rate of the Stamey patients deteriorated after 6 weeks down to 78.3 % and after more than 2 years only 28.6 % of these patients were still completely continent (mean follow-up 40.4 mths), whereas deterioration in the Burch patients was only 87 % (mean follow-up 44.25 mths). The disappointing results with the Stamey technique did not correlate with the degree of initial continence. It was noted here that obese patients showed a greater tendency towards regression. The three cases of recurring incontinence after Burch colposuspension were already relapses at the time of surgery. With respect to long-term follow-up, our results with the Stamey method were distinctly poorer than with the Burch technique. Therefore, in our opinion, the Burch colposuspension procedure and fascioplasty should be the method of choice for the management of stress incontinence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of urology 15 (1997), S. 195-202 
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract At the doorstep of the twenty-first century the role of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) as the treatment of choice for more than 80% of all stones in children is established. ESWL is safe and effective, with very few differences in success rates being observed among different lithotriptors. The present problem with ESWL appears to be the residual stone fragment, which has a proven clinical significance. A thorough metabolic evaluation and metaphylaxis is in-dicated in all children, and this will enable physicians to deal with the residual fragments in a more cause-specific manner and prevent regrowth. Another subject that needs prospective randomized studies to be unveiled is the assumption that a specific or universal metaphylaxis, possibly with alkaline citrates, will enhance stone clearance, lower the incidence of residual stone fragments, and optimize the ESWL results. Finally, both percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopic stone removal have been established in children as safe and effective treatment options. This gives the clinician the opportunity to choose from a wide range of treatment alternatives, including open surgery, and only this approach will ensure 100% stone removal in individual patients along with the prevention of recurrence and, thus, the elimination of long-term morbidities in this vulnerable patient population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of urology 15 (1997), S. 213-218 
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The complex and multifactorial phenomenon of urinary stone disease remains unclear. Anatomical and physiochemical theories do not adequately deal with certain aspects of idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in particular or of nephrolithiasis. One of the reasons for this could be that nephrolithiasis is not only a primary disorder but may also be a symptom of other disorders or various pathologic changes in the metabolism of lithogenic substances. Both affirmative and contradictory reports have been published since Randall's first description of papillary calcifications and their possible active role in the genesis of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Our intention is to discuss focal calcified lesions as an etiologic factor of renal stone disease as well as the change from historical to modern concepts regarding the development of medullary calcifications and their relationship to idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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