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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brown trout, Salmo trutta L.: a new species for intensive marine aquaculture (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Strains of two salmonid species, brown trout, Salmo trutta L., and Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., were compared for the purpose of marine aquaculture. Survival rate, growth and sexual maturation rate were investigated. Brown trout performances were good and allowed for intensive production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00800.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of skeletal muscle fibres and adipose cells size in the flesh of rainbow trout (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 50 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The distributions of the diameters of skeletal muscle fibres and adipocytes were studied in rainbow trout. The cellularity of perivisceral adipose tissues and subcutaneous ventral and dorsal adipose tissues were characterized more specifically. In these tissues, a population of small adipocytes was distinguishable from larger adipocytes. The same was observed in white muscle. The effects of extrinsic factors (dietary lipid in two different thermal conditions) and intrinsic factors (strains in two different saline conditions, growth hormone) on the long-term response of the cellularity of both muscle and adipose tissues were studied. The effects of thermal environment were tested on fish fed the same ration and the effects of saline environment on fish fed ad libitum. The mean size of white muscle fibres was relatively unaffected by the different treatments tested: genetic origin and dietary lipid in different environmental conditions. There were significant differences in growth rate due to genetic origin and saline environment. The possible involvement of hyperplasia in response to these different factors is discussed. Growth hormone supplementation enhanced the percentage of small diameter fibres indicating a role of this hormone in the control of muscle hyperplastic growth. The mean size of adipose cells was affected only slightly by the different treatments tested. An increase in adipose cell size with aging and lipid content was observed. The percentage of small adipocytes also increased with aging. Thus, it is proposed that the development of adipose tissues, and thus fat retention, both result from the recruitment of new adipocytes and from the increase in size of existing adipocytes. The hyperplastic process contributed significantly to the differences in fat retention due to different treatments tested (strains, thermal and saline environments). When partially substituting fish oils for corn oils in the diet, a large increase in the ventral adipose cell size was seen indicating a potential negative effect of n-6 fatty acids on cell proliferation. Growth hormone treatment, on the contrary, induced a decrease in the size of perivisceral adipocytes. Thus, diet and hormonal status affect adipose cells size through two different metabolic pathways: lipogenesis and lipolysis respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01360.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial DNA variation in European populations of Silurus glanis (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 56 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Mitochondrial DNA diversity of 13 wild Silurus glanis populations (covering the entire range of the species) and eight hatchery populations was investigated. PCR-RFLP analysis of four regions of mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome b, control region, ND-5/6) was used. Nineteen haplotypes were found. Thirteen of them were private. The proportion of total genetic diversity attributable to population differentiation was almost 80%. Despite the existence of significant differentiation between populations for mtDNA variation, no consistent pattern of geographic structuring was revealed and nucleotide divergence among S. glanis populations was low. These phenomena are discussed with regard to the impact of glaciation events. The domesticated stocks show less genetic diversity than natural ones, possibly due to their mode of management. Analysis of three European catfish species S. glanis, S. aristotelis and Silurus triostegus (sampled in the Euphrates river) revealed several endonucleases which produced restriction phenotypes diagnostic for the three species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00767.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of juvenile rainbow trout survival and growth in half-sib families from diploid and tetraploid sires
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquaculture 65 (1987), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8486
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(87)90233-X
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic peptide synthesis by the recombinant proline-specific endopeptidase from Flavobacterium meningosepticum and its mutationally altered Cys-556 variant (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1995), S. 844-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Proline-specific endopeptidase (PSE) (EC 3.4.21.26) was investigated for its potential as a catalyst in peptide synthesis. Using an activated peptide ester or a peptide amide as the acyl component, the enzyme catalyzed kinetically controlled aminolysis and transpeptidation respectively, with various amino acid amides as acyl acceptors. To a certain extent the nucleophile preference reflected the amino acid preference in the S1′-position of the enzyme in peptide hydrolysis: the highest fractions of aminolysis were obtained using amino acid amides with hydrophobic side-chains (e.g. Leu-NH2, Phe-NH2). PSE also catalyzed the thermodynamically controlled condensation of short peptides with a free carboxyterminus and various amino acid amides. This enabled us to examine the acceptance of different acyl components in the substrate-binding site of the enzyme with regard to their amino acid composition: In the S1 position proline was clearly favored, but alanine was also accepted, whereas the S2 subsite accepted various amino acids rather unspecifically. Since PSE was shown to be extremely sensitive against water-miscible organic solvents, an alternative approach was used to increase yields in enzymatic peptide synthesis: a derivative of PSE in which the catalytic Ser-556 is converted to a Cys was constructed by protein engineering. This mutant (PSEcys) exhibited a dramatically increased peptide ligase activity in aqueous solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050341
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic peptide synthesis by the recombinant proline-specific endopeptidase from Flavobacterium meningosepticum and its mutationally altered Cys-556 variant (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1995), S. 844-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Proline-specific endopeptidase (PSE) (EC 3.4.21.26) was investigated for its potential as a catalyst in peptide synthesis. Using an activated peptide ester or a peptide amide as the acyl component, the enzyme catalyzed kinetically controlled aminolysis and transpeptidation respectively, with various amino acid amides as acyl acceptors. To a certain extent the nucleophile preference reflected the amino acid preference in the S1′-position of the enzyme in peptide hydrolysis: the highest fractions of aminolysis were obtained using amino acid amides with hydrophobic side-chains (e.g. Leu-NH2, Phe-NH2). PSE also catalyzed the thermodynamically controlled condensation of short peptides with a free carboxyterminus and various amino acid amides. This enabled us to examine the acceptance of different acyl components in the substrate-binding site of the enzyme with regard to their amino acid composition: In the S1 position proline was clearly favored, but alanine was also accepted, whereas the S2 subsite accepted various amino acids rather unspecifically. Since PSE was shown to be extremely sensitive against water-miscible organic solvents, an alternative approach was used to increase yields in enzymatic peptide synthesis: a derivative of PSE in which the catalytic Ser-556 is converted to a Cys was constructed by protein engineering. This mutant (PSEcys) exhibited a dramatically increased peptide ligase activity in aqueous solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191180
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of second generation triploid and tetraploid rainbow trout by mating tetraploid males and diploid females — Potential of tetraploid fish (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 193-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Artificial polyploidy ; Salmonid fish ; Fertility ; Sex ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary First generation tetraploids were produced by hydrostatic pressure treatment before the first cleavage and raised until the adult stage. Their survival and growth were severely depressed when compared to the diploid control: after two years, no ovulated females were found although males produced sperm at 1 and 2 years of age and were mated individually with diploid females. The progenies were consistently normal with high survival rates. They were found to be almost all triploids by karyology, which failed to detect a significant rate of aneuploidies. However, the fertilizing ability of tetraploid males was always low (0 to 97% of the control; average 40%). Several arguments presented here support the hypothesis that diploid spermatozoas, which are wider than haploid ones, would be frequently blocked during their penetration through the micropyle canal. Second generation tetraploids were produced after such matings by heat shocks, causing the retention of the second polar body. Their survival and growth were much more satisfactory than in the first generation, although still lower than in diploid and triploid controls issuing from diploid parents. Performances of second generation triploids were comparable to those of diploids, and slightly better than those of conventional triploids issuing from diploid parents. 94.5% of the second generation tetraploids were male.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266992
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