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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DYNAMIC DISAGGREGATE CHOICE MODELS, WITH AN APPLICATION IN TRANSPORTATION (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 10 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A standard assumption of disaggregate mode-choice models is that an individual faced with a choice among several available alternative transportation modes compares their utilities. These utilities are almost always expressed as a linear composite measure of various perceived benefits which are assumed constant. However, the individual's perceptions change as he learns, acquires new habits, or adapts to different physical, economic, and social circumstances. In order to account for these changes, two dynamic models of model-choice behavior are developed herein. These two models are based on two common postulates. (1) One alternative is preferred over another only if the absolute difference in their utilities exceeds a positive constant; otherwise, the decision maker is indifferent toward the two alternatives. (2) If an alternative is preferred, it will be chosen with certainty.In the indifference state, the individual is postulated to randomly choose one of the two alternatives (Model 1) or choose the same alternative as was most recently chosen (Model 2). Choice probabilities derived from these two models are shown to differ from those obtained using the conventional logit model. If there is a strong loyalty toward a mode, the logit model underestimates its choice probability when that mode is less attractive than the competing mode. The results are illustrated using numerical examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1979.tb00020.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Bayesian Approach for Analyzing Results of Vehicle Collision Tests (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Decision sciences 20 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-5915
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Certain motor vehicle safety standards stipulate a collision test speed and a set of performance criteria that vehicles must satisfy during or after the collision test. For example, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 301 requires a 30 mile per hour (mph) barrier collision and specifies a certain maximum allowable limit on the total spillage of fuel. Vehicle designs are required to meet this standard; however, when collision tests are conducted at speeds higher than the standard, vehicles do not always satisfy the performance criteria. This paper develops a mathematical model for estimating the probability of meeting the standard by using a Bayesian framework to incorporate engineering judgment with collision test results. The model is based on the idea that there are random features to a vehicle's ability to meet performance standards in a collision, especially at such elevated speeds. Example calculations are included to illustrate the estimation of the probability of meeting the standard and to compare it with a maximum likelihood approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1989.tb01417.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Mutants of Drosophila That Are Resistant to the Anesthetic Effects of Halothane (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 625 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb33885.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Properties of Drosophila Acetylcholinesterase (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 41 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Two distinct classes of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster are reported: a soluble species that shows heterogeneity of forms and a particulate species. The subunit composition of the particulate enzyme was studied using the active site label [3H]diisopropylfIuorophosphate. Comparison of the electrophoretic patterns on nondenaturing gels using the activity stain and the active site label shows that the label is specific to AChE. The smallest active site-containing subunit of the enzyme is a monomer of —60,000 daltons MW. Two such units are linked by disulphide bonds to produce a dimer of about 110,000 daltons. Another monomeric form of MW —64,000 daltons, although present, does not participate in the dimerisation. The particulate enzyme when solubilised exists as a 9–10S species as determined by sucrose gradient centrifugation. This species has a MW 〉 200,000, as shown by its behaviour on a coarse-bead Sephadex-G200 column. Electrophoretic analysis suggests a MW of nearly 250,000 daltons for this form. Thus, this species is likely to be a tetramer. One possibility is that this tetramer is made up of two units of 64,000 daltons each and a dimer of 110,000 daltons. Preliminary data on mutant enzymes that support such a possibility are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb00818.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical Resistance of Liquid Metals (1945)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 156 (1945), S. 503-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE electrical resistance of a metal arises from the scattering of the electron waves passing through it. The fraction of these electron waves scattered in all directions in a unit volume, which will be called the attenuation coefficient, μ, is equal to the reciprocal of the mean free path of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/156503a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermionic Constants of Semi-Conductors (1956)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 177 (1956), S. 285-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The thermionic constants of several metals have been determined by this method, using for this purpose a graphite chamber the walls of which were coated completely with the metal under study, by thermal or electrolytic deposition. The main purpose of this communication is to direct attention to a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/177285a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polarization Field and the Acoustic Modes of Oscillation of Alkali Halide Crystals (1952)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 170 (1952), S. 159-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The important part which the polarization field plays in determining the resonance frequency of the crystal is indeed to be expected from other considerations. Let us consider, for example, the dielectric constant of the crystal, and confine attention to the contribution from the relative ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/170159a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic Constants of Alkali Halide Crystals (1951)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 168 (1951), S. 869-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Let us first consider a crystal of the sodium chloride type, and take the co-ordinate axes along the cubic axes of the crystal, and the origin at the equilibrium position of ion 1. It is found that the e's and the p's can be expressed in terms of the following two series, in which %, ij, t, are ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/168869a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiative Transfer of Energy in the Core of a Heated Tube (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 188 (1960), S. 483-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] One may compare this with the expression obtained by Bosworth2 for the radiational conductivity of a very hot gas, in which the photons emitted by the molecules, as distinguished from the molecules themselves, are regarded as diffusing into the gas, his expression being : where l 0 is the mean free ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/188483a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Simple Result in Quadrature (1948)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 162 (1948), S. 215-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN calculating the intensity of light scattered by a transparent homogeneous medium, one comes across the infinite series1...in which θ is a constant and n an integer. α is a positive number, which under the conditions under which light-scattering is generally studied is very ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/162215a0
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