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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die biologischen Eigenschaften des stabilen Zellstammes LHC-105 von einem spontanen Abortus werden beschrieben. Die Längsdifferenzierung der Chromosomen mit Giemsa-Technik und Trypsinbehandlung hat gezeigt, daß der Karyotyp aus 47 Chromosomen besteht. Das überzählige Chromosom wurde als Nr. 14 identifiziert. Das Studium der Assoziationen akrozentrischer Chromosomen hat gezeigt, daß die Chromosomen 14 häufiger an Assoziationen teilnehmen als erwartet. Die Zellen haben eine niedrigere Wachstumspotenz als diploide Fibroblasten. Außerdem zeigen sie einige Besonderheiten des Wachstums. Sie sind wenig orientiert, bilden keine elementaren histotypischen Strukturen und zeigen starke Veränderungen ihrer Morphologie (Zellgröße, Zustände von fibrillären Strukturen und Nucleolus). Es wurde gezeigt, daß diese Zellen auch eine Reihe von metabolischen Veränderungen aufweisen: wenig Einschließungen von Lipiden, starke Schiff-Reaktion, niedrige Aktivität der sauren und alkalischen Phosphatasen. Der Zellcyclus ist normal. Der Zusammenhang dieser phenotypischen Veränderungen mit der Chromosomenanomalie und die Möglichkeit einer Existenz spezifischer Zellsyndrome mit Trisomie werden diskutiert. Es wird angenommen, daß Veränderungen des Zellphenotyps des Stammes LHC-105 mit Störungen der Zelldifferenzierung verbunden sind und Ursache der abnormalen Embryogenese sind.
    Notes: Summary The biological features of a stable cell strain LHC-105 derived from a spontaneous abortus are reported. Giemsa T-staining revealed that the extra chromosome in the karyotype of the strain was chromosome No. 14 (47,XY,+14). The 14th chromosomes participated in acrocentric association more frequently than expected. The cells of the strain appeared to have a low growth potential, with low cell yield during serial passages throughout their life-span which is considerably shorter than the life-span of the diploid strains. The cells differed from the diploid ones in their peculiarity of growth, and were also less orientiated. They did not form elementary histotypical structures, revealed considerable changes in their morphology and cellular size, and differences state fibrillar structure and nucleoli. The LHC-105 cells showed a number of metabolic disturbances, including a poor accumulation of lipid droplets, a strong positive PAS reaction to polysaccharides, a low activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases. The cell cycle was normal. The relation between these phenotypic alterations and the chromosome aberration is discussed. The possibility of a cellular syndrome connected with trisomy is also considered. It is suggested that the changes in cellular phenotype of LHC-105 cells are connected with a disturbance of differentiation and embryogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 38 (1977), S. 137-145 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Complex investigation of a spontaneous abortus with monosomy 21 was carried out. Phenotypic expression at the organism and tissue level was characterized by the pathology of the external form of the embryo and by abnormalities of the embryonic facial structures, the stomodeum, the anterior part of the primary gut, and neural tube development. The anomalies found in the embryo indicate primary morphogenetic disturbances arising at the initial stage of organogenesis. Investigation of LHC-431 strain cells derived from musculocutaneous embryonic fragments revealed a complex of cytophenotypic alterations similar to the cellular syndrome of trisomic cells and indicating an insufficient biologic maturity of the mutant cells (alterations of cellular form, disturbances in their contact orientation, underdevelopment of fibrillar apparatus and decreased collagen formation, changes in the accumulation of intracellular metabolic products, decreased growth capacity and alterations of mitotic cycle parameters). It was found that the single chromosome 21 takes part in associations twice as frequently as would theoretically be expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 30 (1975), S. 127-134 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The complex investigation of the biological properties of the triploid cell strain derived from a spontaneous abortus was carried out. Cytomorphological, autoradiographic, cytochemical, biochemical and immunochemical investigation showed that, according to most of the investigated properties, triploid cells did not differ from normal diploid cells. The cells had normal form, were well orientated, revealed expressed fibrillar apparatus and viability in the culture during 15–17 passages. The decrease of the alkaline phosphatase level, increase of acid phosphatase, lactate and malatdehydrogenase and greater nuclei area were the essential differences from the control. The cells had normal mitotic cycle parameters and the antigenic spectrum was practically identical to the normal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 42 (1978), S. 157-162 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A persistence of the embryonic type of mitotic cycle was found in postnatal strains with aneuploidy of sex chromosomes (45,X; 47,XXX; 49,XXXXX;47,XYY;49,XXXXY). Life-span and proliferating activity of the strains did not differ from those of diploid postnatal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 24 (1974), S. 285-296 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Zellcyclus von 12 normal diploiden und 12 abnormen menschlichen Fibroblasten-Zellinien wurde untersucht. Zwei Zellinien (Trisomie 7 und Monosomie 21) zeigten eine Verlängerung der G2-Phase und eine Verkürzung der S-Phase. Zellinien (Trisomie 9, 14 und Triploidie) wichen nicht von der Norm ab. Drei Zellinien (47,XXX; 47,XY,+18; 46,XX,5p-) zeigten eine Verkürzung von G2. G2 war dagegen verlängert bei zwei Zellinien von Down-Syndrom. Keine Abweichung fand sich bei einem Klinefelter-Patienten und einem männlichen Probanden mit 46,XX.
    Notes: Summary Autoradiographic investigation of the cell cycle of 12 diploid and 12 abnormal human fibroblast strains was carried out. Two cell strains (trisomy 7 and monosomy 21) derived from spontaneous abortuses showed prolongation of the G2 period accompanied by the shortening of the S period. Other cytogenetically abnormal embryonic strains (trisomy 9, 14 and triploidy) did not deviate from the diploid pattern. Three cell strains (LHC-1-70, LHC-6-70, LHC-411) derived from the patients with karyotypes 47,XXX, 47,XY,+18 and 46,XX,5p—respectivly had embryonic types of proliferation with a short G2 period. In two other strains from the patients with Down's syndrom the G2 period was prolonged. There was no statistically significant difference in the parameters of the cell cycle between the control and the strains derived from a patient with Klinefelter syndrom and from a male patient with karyotype 46,XX. The modificatory effect of the chromosomal abnormalities on the parameters of cell cycle is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine Komplexuntersuchung, des Phenotypus der Zellen des stabilen Stammes LHC—162 (spontaner. Abortus) durchgeführt. Der Karyotyp der Zellen dieses Stammes ist 47,XY.+C. Das überzählige Chromosom wurde durch die Giemsa-Methode als C7 identifiziert. Der Karyotyp ist im Verlauf von 62 Passagen stabil geblieben., Die cytomorphologischen, autoradiographischen, immunochemischen Untersuchungen dieses Stammes wurden im Vergleich zu diploiden Stämmen, durchgeführt. Die Zellen dieses Stammes sind nicht krebsauslösend. Die Empfindlichkeit dieses Stammes gegenüber drei Polimyelitis-Virusstämmen ist nicht anders als die Empfindlichkeit des diploiden Stammes. Das Wachstum der Zellen des Stammes LHC—162 ist wenig organisiert; sie besitzen sehr wenig, Fähigkeit, eine histotypische Struktur zu formen; sie bilden wenig Kollagen, sie speichern zu wenig Lipidgranulan; in ihnen ist der Gehalt an Glykogen und die Aktivität von Phosphotasen zu hoch. Die radiographische Untersuchung des Zellcyclus hat gezeigt, daß die Zeit des mitotischen Cyclus der G2-Periode vergrößert ist. Sie ist fast doppelt so lang wie bei dem diploiden Stamm. Bei der immunochemischen Untersuchung wurde entdeckt, daß der Stamm LHC—162 wie die diploiden Stämme Eiweiß-Komponenten in α1- und α2-Globulinzonen synthetisierte, aber der Stamm LHC—162 synthetisiert Eiweiß in der α1-Globulinzone intensiver und Eiweiß in der Globulinzone α2 schwächer als normale Zellen. Die Stabilität der, gefundenen phänotypischen Besonderheiten des Stammes LHC—162 läßt sie charakteristisch für diesen Stamm erscheinen. Diese charakteristische Gesamtheit der phänotypischen Eigenschaften kann man als Äußerung der gestörten Differenzierung der Zellen mit Trisomie C7 betrachten. Möglicherweise gibt es ähnliche “Zellsyndrome” auch für andere Chromosomenanomalien.
    Notes: Summary A complex investigation of the phenotype of a stable strain of LHC—162 cells derived from a spontaneous abortus was carried out. The karyotype, of the strain was 47,XY,+C. The extra chromosome was identified by Giemsa staining as a No. 7. The strain was subjected to cytomorphological, autoradiographic, immunochemical and virological examination in comparison with diploid cell strains. The cells of the LHC—162 strain had no oncogenic activity. Their susceptibility to the three types of poliomyelitis virus did not differ from those of diploid strains. The growth of the LHC—162 cells was poorly organized, and they had a reduced capacity for the formation of histotypical structures. There was low collagen production, poor accumulation of lipid granules, high acid phosphatase, activity, and high glycogen content. Radioautographic investigation of cell cycle revealed lengthening of the mitotic cycle in the G2, period which was twice as long as in diploid strains. Immunochemical investigation showed that fibroblasts of both trisomic and diploid strains synthesized proteins in α1 and α2 globulin zones. However, the synthesis of a protein in α1 zone was considerably more intensive and in α2 zone less intensive in the LHC—162 cells than in the diploid strain. The stability of these phenotypic features make it reasonable to assume that they represent a biological characteristic of the LHC—162 strain. It is suggested that this characteristic totality of phenotypical features can be considered as an expression of the C7 trisomic cell's differentiation confusion. It is suggested that “the cellular syndrome”, is not due only to this chromosomal aberration but also to other chromosomal aberrations.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 68 (1984), S. 269-271 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Collagen synthesis in cells with trisomy 7 and 9 derived from human spontaneous abortuses was found to be lower (5.06% and 5.53% respectively) than in the control diploid cells (8.80%). The ratio of collagen types (I/III) in trisomic strains did not differ from the control data while the amount of the degraded procollagen in trisomic cells was increased.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparative study has been made of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) accumulation in human fibroblasts with trisomy 7 and triploidy from spontaneous abortuses, fibroblasts with triploidy from induced abortuses, fibroblasts from patients with Down's syndrome and diploid fibroblasts from age-matched controls. The study demonstrated that the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine into hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts with trisomy 7 and triploidy, established from spontaneous abortuses, and from two out of three induced abortuses with triploidy, was 2.6–5.3 times lower than control incorporation. One strain of fibroblasts from an induced abortus with triploidy (IMG-1062) did not show any differences in GAG production when compared with diploid fibroblasts. However, the strains from children with Down's syndrome revealed normal or even increased levels of hyaluronic acid production. The data support the contention that the decreased hyaluronic acid synthesis in fibroblasts with an abnormal karyotype is related to spontaneous abortion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Fibroblasts ; Collagen ; Fibronectin ; Chromosomal imbalance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Collagen and fibronectin synthesis by trisomic and triploid fibroblasts derived from human spontaneous abortuses was studied. It was demonstrated that the level of fibronectin and collagen production in fibroblasts with trisomy 7, trisomy 9, and triploidy was reduced as compared with diploid cells. A correlation between this observation and an increased rate of intracellular 14C-procollagen degradation was also established for the anomalous strains. No difference in hydroxylation of 14C-proline residues in α1(Ī) and α2(Ī) collagen chains and no fluctuation in the collagen type (Ī): type ĪĪĪ ratio was found in the strains with the abnormal karyotypes. It was concluded that differentiation of the abnormal fibroblasts was impaired. The data also favour the hypothesis that the deficiency of the fibroblasts in producing proteins may account for a variety of anatomic abnormalities of embryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-7330
    Keywords: human blastocyst ; cDNA library ; housekeeping genes ; expressed sequence tags
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: It has recently become possible to construct cDNA libraries from individual human blastocysts to investigate the expression of embryonic genes in human preimplantation development. We have previously reported the expression of β-actin, CD-59, and homeobox OCT-3 and identified almost-complete homology of sequences to human histone 3.1 and human ribosome protein S25. In the present paper, our further sequencing analysis of cDNA libraries from single human blastocysts is described. Methods: cDNA libraries were constructed from 13 blastocysts. Sequence analysis was performed in 120 clones from one of these cDNA libraries with fragments of 50 to 1000 bp. Their sequence identity was analyzed using the expressed sequence tag (EST) database. Results: The presence of two housekeeping genes, hexokinase 1 and serine/threonine phosphorylase, and four other ESTs was demonstrated, the identity of which, with particular gene expression in preimplantation development, has not yet been established. Conclusions: The data demonstrate the usefulness of constructing cDNA libraries from individual human blastocysts and their value in the analysis of genetic expression in human preimplantation development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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