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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The regulatory effect of fermentable sugar levels on the production of leukotoxin by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 146 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The relationship between sugar availability and RTX (repeats in toxin) cytotoxin (leukotoxin) production in the periodontopathic bacterium, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, was investigated using a chemostat. A. actinomycetemcomitans 301-b produced significant amounts of leukotoxin in anaerobic fructose-limited chemostat cultures at a dilution rate of 0.15 h−1 and at pH 7.0. When the growth limitation was relieved by pulsing the cultures with 50 or 150 mM fructose (final concentrations), leukotoxin production immediately stopped and the amount of cellular leukotoxin decreased until the culture was returned to fructose-limited conditions. Leukotoxin synthesis was also repressed in the chemostat cultures by pulsing with glucose but not with the non-fermentable sugar analog, α-methyl-d-glucoside. Leukotoxin production was also repressed by fructose in chemostat cultures of ATCC 33384, which is generally recognized as a non-leukotoxin-producing or minimally leukotoxic strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10187.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical, microbiological and host defense parameters associated with a case of localized prepubertal periodontitis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 4-year-old Japanese boy was referred to Osaka University Dental Hospital because of severe mobility and pain of the right lower primary canine. The canine had severe bone loss and a pocket depth exceeding 5-6 mm. The left lower canine showed slight mobility and moderate alveolar bone loss. The other primary teeth showed no pathogenic findings. The subgingival microflora from the right lower canine was dominated by gram-negative rods, especially capnocytophaga and fusobacterium, while actinomyces sp. were the most common gram-positive bacteria. While neutrophil functions of the patient were within the normal ranges of healthy subjects, some lymphocyte functions such as IL-2 production and IgG and IgM syntheses were lower in the patient. 7 months after the extraction of the right lower primary canine, the patient complained of pain around the right lower primary lateral incisor. In 3-4 weeks, the alveolar bone was lost rapidly and mobility of the lower anterior teeth increased significantly. The primary lateral incisor was extracted and the other primary teeth were treated by scaling and systemic and local administration of antibiotics. After treatment, the lower anterior teeth became less mobile and the gram-positive cocci predominated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01771.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outer membrane protein 100, a versatile virulence factor of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 50 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) is one of the pathogenic bacteria involved in periodontal diseases. We have previously identified six major outer membrane proteins (Omps) of Aa Y4. Among them is an Omp with high molecular mass, designated Omp100, which has homology to a variety of virulence factors. Electron microscopic observation indicated that Omp100 is randomly localized on the cell surface of Aa. Aa Y4 has been shown to adhere and invade KB or normal human gingival keratinocytes. Anti-Omp100 antibody inhibited 50% of adhesion and 70% of invasion of Aa Y4 to KB cells. An Omp100 knock-out mutant had a decreased adhesion and invasion efficiency of 60%, compared with that of the wild type. Escherichia coli HB101 expressing Omp100 adhered twofold and invaded 10-fold more than the wild-type E. coli HB101. HB101 expressing Omp100 showed resistance to serum by trapping factor H, an inhibitor for C3b, with Omp100. Omp100 induced inflammatory cytokine responses of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α in epithelial cells, and induced IL-1β and TNFα production in mouse macrophages. These results indicate that Omp100 is a versatile virulence factor that may demonstrate potential significance in the onset of periodontal diseases related to Aa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03748.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and partial characterization of a 39 kDa major outer membrane protein of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4 (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 77 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The outer membrane fractions of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, which were extracted from whole cells with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and CaCl2, contained four major outer membrane proteins (MOMP) of 39, 37, 36 and 30 kDa. The 39 kDa MOMP of A. actinomycetemcomitans was sequentially purified by extraction with Zwittergent 3–14 detergent, anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. Analysis of amino acid composition and N-terminal amino acid sequence of 20 residues of purified 39 kDa MOMP was performed. Although some of the periodontitis patient sera reacted strongly with 39 kDa and 30 kDa MOMP in crude outer membrane fractions, purified 39 kDa MOMP showed decreased immunoreactivity with the human sera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04326.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal antibody to a specific antigen from Wolinella recta ATCC 33238 (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 82 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: Four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to a specific antigen (150-kDa protein antigen) isolated from Wolinella recta ATCC 33238 by acid extraction were obtained. The four antibodies were all of the IgG1 subclass and exhibited equally high specificity for the antigen. A battery of 14 strains of oral bacteria were screened for cross-reactivity with each mAb by ELISA and Western blot analysis. Weak cross-reactivity to some strains was observed which differed depending upon the mAb. Immuno-electronmicroscopic studies were performed with a mAb which revealed that the 150-kDa antigen was localized to the cell surface of W. recta ATCC 33238.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04835.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of in vitro interleukin-2-producing capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with periodontitis. (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the in vitro interleukin-2 (IL-2) producing capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymphocytes from patients with different forms of periodontitis. 45 patients (12 with localised early onset periodontitis (LEOP), 20 with generalised early onset periodontitis (GEOP), and 13 with adult periodontitis (AP), and 20 periodontally healthy subjects (HS), participated in this study. PBMC and lymphocytes were isolated from the subjects and their cells were stimulated with an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (anti-CD3 MoAb) and the secreted IL-2 levels in the culture were bioassayed. No significant differences could be found in IL-2 producing activity of PBMC between the patients and HS group. There was wide interindividual variation and high and low “IL-2 producers” were noted. We found a LEOP patient who was a high producer of IL-2 (〉mean+8 SD) and 2 LEOP patients and a HS who were low producers of IL-2 (〈mean- 1.5 SD) with their lymphocytes. Incidentally, the HS became a LEOP patient during 2 years after this study. The low IL-2 producing activity of their PBMC and lymphocytes against anti-CD3 MoAb could not be overcome by stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin. Thus, we found high and low IL-2 producing capacity by PBMC and lymphocytes in certain subjects and these subjects may be useful models in assessing the rôle of systemic IL-2 productivity associated with their progression of periodontal disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1997.tb01183.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SPARC stimulates the synthesis of OPG/OCIF, MMP-2 and DNA in human periodontal ligament cells (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 31 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Osteonectin/secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is expressed in periodontal ligaments. Therefore, a better understanding of the action of SPARC on periodontal ligament cells could help to elucidate remodelling and repair mechanisms in periodontal tissue. In the present study, we examined the effects of human platelet-derived SPARC (hp-SPARC) on the expressions of SPARC and osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OPG/OCIF), alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) production and DNA synthesis in cultures of human periodontal ligament (HPL) cells.Methods:  HPL cells at the sixth passage were exposed to hp-SPARC. The expression of OPG/OCIF and SPARC mRNAs was examined by Northern blot analysis. The protein levels for OPG/OCIF and MMP-2 were determined by Western blot analysis. ALPase activity was measured by the method of Bessey et al. DNA synthesis was estimated by incorporation of [3H]thymidine.Results:  Hp-SPARC enhanced OPG/OCIF synthesis at the protein and mRNA levels. Hp-SPARC also enhanced DNA and MMP-2 synthesis dose-dependently, but had little effect on ALPase activity and SPARC mRNA expression.Conclusion:  SPARC may play a role in remodelling and repair of periodontal tissue by promoting proliferation and MMP-2 production. It may also regulate osteoclast formation through OPG/OCIF in periodontal ligament cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2002.00188.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunodetection of noncollagenous matrix proteins during periodontal tissue regeneration (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 36 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The interface between denuded dentin and regenerative periodontal tissue was investigated in a rat alveolar bone defect model using morphological and immuno-cytochemical approaches. The dentin surface was surgically exposed along the palatal roots of maxillary first molars. At 3 weeks post treatment, animals were perfused and treated regions from decalcified mandibles were embedded in Epon for ultrastructural studies or LR White for post-embedding immunogold labeling. Thin tissue sections were incubated with antibodies against noncollagenous matrix (osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and fibronectin) and plasma (α2HS-glycoprotein and albumin) proteins. While in some cases, regenerative events took place directly on the denuded dentin surface, the interface between the denuded dentin and regenerating periodontal tissue was frequently characterized by the presence of an interfacial zone. This zone sometimes showed an electron-dense, cement line-like, planar accumulation of organic material immunoreactive for osteopontin and bone sialoprotein. Immunolabeling for osteocalcin and α2HS-glycoprotein was moderate and diffuse throughout the interfacial zone, whereas labeling with antibodies to albumin and fibronectin resulted in a weak reaction. It is concluded that accumulation of bone sialoprotein and osteopontin is a primary event during the formation of regenerative cementum onto denuded root surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.036004205.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of endothelins and their receptors in cells from human periodontal tissues (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 38 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective:  The present study investigated the presence of ET-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with periodontitis, and the expression of endothelins (ETs) and their receptors mRNA in cultured cells from human periodontal tissues.Background:  ET was originally discovered as a potent vasoconstrictive peptide from endothelial cells. It has been reported that ETs are produced by various cells besides endothelial cells. ETs are related to inflammatory and sclerotic lesions, such as arteriolosclerosis and hepatic cirrhosis. Therefore, ETs may be involved in periodontal disease. However, the roles of ETs in development and progression of periodontal disease are not clear.Methods:  ET-1 released from the cultured cells was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. mRNA expressions for ETs and their receptors were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blotting analysis.Results:  ET-1 levels in GCF from patients with periodontitis were higher than those from healthy subjects. Human gingival keratinocytes (HGK) expressed mRNA for ETs and their receptors, ET-Ar and ET-Br. ET-1 mRNA expression and ET-1 peptide production from HGK were enhanced by interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α.Conclusions:  These results suggest that ET-1 plays a significant role in periodontal disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.00653.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbiological, immunological and genetic factors in family members with periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease, associated with hematological disorders (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 37 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The microflora, immunological profiles of host defence functions, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) findings are reported for a mother, son and daughter who were diagnosed as having ‘periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases, associated with hematological disorders’. Examinations were made of the bacterial flora from the periodontal pocket, neutrophil chemotaxis, neutrophil phagocytosis, and the genotypes (DQB1) and serotypes (DR locus) of HLA class II antigens. Phenotypic analyses of the peripheral lymphocytes were also conducted. The subgingival microflora from the mother was dominated by Gram-negative rods, especially Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella intermedia/Prevotella nigrescens and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Subgingival microflora samples from the son and daughter were dominated by Gram-positive cocci and Gram-positive rods. Through the use of polymerase chain reaction, Campylobacter rectus and Capnocytophaga gingivalis were detected in all subjects, whereas Porphyromonas gingivalis, P. intermedia, and Treponema denticola were not detected in any subjects. All three subjects showed a remarkable level of depressed neutrophil chemotaxis to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, although their phagocyte function levels were normal, in comparison to healthy control subjects. Each subject had the same genotype, HLA-DQB1*0601, while the mother had HLA-DR2 and HLA-DR8, and the son and daughter had HLA-DR2 only. In summary, the members of this family showed a similar predisposition to periodontitis with regard to certain host defence functions. It is suggested that the depressed neutrophil chemotaxis that was identified here could be a significant risk factor for periodontitis in this family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2002.00659.x
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