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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 157 (1946), S. 301-301 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE usual methods of studying the water metabolism of the red corpuscles always change the salt concentration of the surrounding medium. It has not yet been possible to follow the passage of water in and out under normal isotonic conditions. This can be done now by using heavy water. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: epithelial tumor cells ; immunocytochemistry ; minimal disease ; prognosis ; RNA-based methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Many solid tumors commonly metastasize to the bone marrow and the presence of tumor cells in the bone marrow is associated with a poor prognosis. Detection of tumor cells in the bone marrow has been reported to be important to determine the prognosis of newly diagnosed patients and may be helpful in deciding whether or not systemic treatment is indicated. Patients and methods: The majority of the studies focus on the detection of tumor cells in non-tumor tissue using immunocytochemistry and antibodies directed against epitopes of epithelial genes. Recently, the sensitive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) has been employed for the detection of tumor cells in bone marrow, using mRNA transcribed from epithelial genes as targets for RT–PCR. Results: In some studies, encouraging results were reported when RT–PCR was used to detect expression of epithelial genes, but in many others frequent false-positive results were observed. These may result from the 'illegitimate expression' of epithelial genes in cells of non-epithelial tissues, such as bone marrow. Conclusions: Micrometastases in bone marrow can be detected with some sensitivity by antibodies directed against epithelial genes. RNA based methods, using epithelial genes as target for amplification, are less reliable. To improve these methods, a systematic approach is required to identify genes which are highly expressed in solid tumors and completely silent in blood and bone marrow of healthy individuals. Novel techniques, e.g., 'sequential analysis of gene expression' (SAGE), are now available that allow such an endeavor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 3 (1947), S. 424-425 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Materials and structures 26 (1993), S. 495-499 
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume La technique de l'auscultation électrique est proposée pour l'analyse non-destructive de structures massives. La technique est déjà fréquemment utilisée pour l'évaluation des injections de coulis et de résines pour la consolidation des maçonneries anciennes. Pourtant, cette technique ne peut pas être appliquée simplement comme dans la géologie. Plusieurs éléments influencent la distribution des courants électriques dans un massif de maçonnerie: les dimensions limitées du massif, la composition hétérogène briques-mortier, l'humidité dans la maçonnerie, la présence de vides. Tous ces facteurs peuvent engendrer des erreurs d'interprétation. Plusieurs essais pratiques et théoriques ont été réalisés pour déterminer ces influences. Une première conclusion est que la valeur mesurée est représentative pour la masse entre les deux électrodes de mesure. Même si la structure est homogène, la position relative des électrodes de mesure par rapport à l'électrode de courant est importante quand on analyse des structures avec des dimensions limitées, surtout aux environs des bords. Des mesures effectuées avec une certaine configuration des électrodes sur un mur homogène et très long indiquent qu'il y a un changement de résistivité quand on déplace la configuration verticalement: la résistivité augmente vers le bord supérieur du mur et diminue vers le sol. Une simulation de la situation à l'aide de la méthode des éléments finis confirme ce résultat. Une bonne corrélation entre l'humidité de la maçonnerie et la résistivité mesurée n'est pas encore déterminée. Avec ces expériences la recherche future peut être concentrée sur l'analyse interne des structures. Pour résoudre le problème des bords géométriques, on est en train de développer des programmes pour le calcul de la résistivité apparente d'un mur en couches. Avec ces programmes il sera possible d'estimer l'influence des limites géométriques et il sera aussi possible d'enlever leur influence sur les valeurs mesurées. Les valeurs restantes reflèteront alors seulement les inhomogénéités dans la structure. De cette façon le mur peut être analysé comme n'ayant pas de limites géométriques, ce qui simplifie fortement l'interprétation.
    Notes: Abstract The geo-electrical measuring technique is frequently used for restoration purposes. However, this technique as developed in geology cannot be used without adaptations. The structure that is analysed has geometrical boundaries which influence the measurements and can lead to errors in the interpretation if they are not taken into account. This is illustrated by practical and theoretical tests. In an extensive test programme other aspects of the technique are also considered, such as the influence of electrode configuration and of moisture content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 3 (1947), S. 189-190 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In vitro, experiments on sulfonamides show that these substances are without action on the red cells, in respect to the formation of Heinz's corpuscles, at the blood concentration generally obtained in therapeutic practice. In vivo, the presence of Heinz's granules was noted after the injection of large sulfanilamide doses in the white mouse, but not after the administration of sulfopyridine and sulfathiazole. Therapeutical doses of all these drugs did not give rise to Heinz's corpuscles in several patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 50 (1979), S. 29-32 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A ring chromosome 9 is reported in a 12-year-old, moderately mentally retarded boy. As in other ring chromosome 9 patients, the clinical stigmata are nonspecific and their expressivity is mild. The finding of two normal cells of a total of 121 cells examined favors the hypothesis of a postzygotic, mitotic origin of the ring chromosome formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 72 (1994), S. 129-141 
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Radionuclide accumulation was studied on a group of 20 fish maintained at 20±1 °C in spring water containing 30 Bq mL−1 of110mAg. Because of a very significant radionuclide adsorption onto available surfaces and in order to simulate chronic exposure, the water was completely renewed three times a week. Accumulation of110mAg was slow, with an estimated time to maximum contamination level of 180 days. The concentration factor, calculated from the ratio of the integrals of the curves representing the radionuclide concentration in filtered water and in whole fish reached a maximum value of 106 (w.w.). After 41 days exposure, 10 fish were placed in non-labelled water, renewed daily, to follow110mAg depuration. A two-compartment exponential model was fitted to the depuration data. The corresponding radionuclide half-lives were relatively short, 0.8 (Tb1) and 30 days (Tb2), and after 6 weeks the fish retained about 30% of their initial110mAg content. The liver and digestive tract retained most110mAg. Although they only represented respectively about 4 and 10% of the total body mass, these two organs accounted for 30–40% of the total radionuclide body burden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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