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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 588 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (D), 22-oxacalcitriol (O) or recombinant human growth hormone (GH) on growth failure and hyperparathyroidism in 5/6 nephrectomized uraemic (Ur) rats. Seven groups of rats were studied: (i) sham controls (SC; n=6); (ii) Ur controls (UrC;n=8); (iii) Ur treated either with D (UrD; n=7); (iv) O (UrO, n=8); (v) GH (UrGH; n=7); (vi) D+GH (UrDGH; n=9); or (vii) O+GH (UrOGH; n=7). For 14 days, D and O were administered intraperitoneally daily at 30 ng/kg per day and GH subcutaneously daily at 1.3 i.u./day. Four weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy, plasma creatinine (Cr), plasma and urine calcium (Ca), plasma phosphate (P), ratio of urine Ca/urine Cr, amino-terminal parathyroid hormone (PTH; pg/mL) and Ca/dry bone weight in the left femur (mg/g) were measured. Uraemic controls, UrD, UrO and UrDGH rats were lower in weight gain than SC rats over the study period, but linear growth was not retarded in any uraemic group. Plasma Cr was greatly increased in any Ur group as compared with SC group. Plasma Ca and P concentrations did not differ among each group. the ratio of urine Ca/urine Cr in UrD and UrDGH groups was higher than SC, UrCand UrGH groups. the use of Dor D+GH suppressed PTH, returning the level in these rats to the normal level of the SC rats, while the PTH concentrations in the UrO and UrOGH rats were less decreased. Bone Ca content was enhanced by D+GH and O+GH administration in comparison with UrC rats, but there was no difference in the bone Ca content between UrD and UrDGH rats, and between UrO and UrOGH rats. In conclusion, growth failure in weight was shown in uraemia, but linear growth was not retarded in any uraemic group. 1.25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and D plus GH successfully suppressed secondary hyperparathyroidism. Further studies are needed in order to elucidate the interactions on bone between vitamin D rnctabolites and GH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 7 (1993), S. 703-707 
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Pediatric Risk of Mortality Score ; Acute renal failure ; Quality assurance ; Outcomes ; Dialysis ; Kidney disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pediatric risk of mortality score (PRISM) incorporates 14 physiological and laboratory variables to calculate a patient's score, which is then adjusted for operative status and age to determine the probability of death. Because of the ethical issues surrounding the initiation of dialysis in critically ill children, a scoring system which could differentiate survivors from nonsurvivors prior to the initiation of dialysis would be useful to the clinician. Similarly, a score which could accurately estimate the probability of mortality in children with acute renal failure would be useful to third party payors attempting to evaluate the performance of individual care providers. We calculated PRISM scores on the day dialysis was initiated, retrospectively, in 31 children seen from 1984–1988 with the diagnosis of acute renal failure and requiring dialysis, in order to determine if the PRISM score was accurate in prediction of mortality. In addition, we calculated scores on the day of admission to the intensive care unit (DICU) in order to see if DICU scores accurately reflected mortality risk. The mean PRISM scores of nonsurvivors were significantly higher than the mean scores of survivors on the day dialysis therapy was initiated. However, overlap in the scores of survivors and nonsurvivors would limit the applicability of PRISM scores for clinical decision making. Children that developed acute renal failure requiring dialysis due to extrarenal diseases had a higher mortality rate than those that had primary renal disease (57% versus 12.5%,P〈0.05). DICU scores underestimated the mortality of these patients. The decision to institute dialysis for children with acute renal failure cannot be based on PRISM scores calculated during the hospital course. The use of PRISM scores in quality assurance activities for children with acute renal failure is inappropriate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Urinary excretion ; Age ; Body weight ; Height ; Body mass index ; Hypercalciuria ; Hyperoxaluria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Population based data on 24-h urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, magnesium, phosphate, uric acid and creatinine were collected from 220 children (aged 3–16 years) living in Cimitile, Campania, southern Italy. Mean excretion rates for 7 days were correlated with age, body weight, body mass index and height. The prevalence of hypercalciuria (〉4 mg/kg body weight) and of hyperoxaluria (〉60 mg/day) were 9.1% and 1.8%, respectively. The same 20 children were also identified as hypercalciuric when a calcium/creatinine ratio of greater than 0.15 was considered. No significant differences between boys and girls were found in the urinary excretion of the five constituents implicated in urolithiasis. The study data provide additional childhood reference values for urinary excretion of compounds related to stone formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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