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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 14 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  The morphology and histology of test sites commonly used to study the penetration of lip products differ significantly from those of the human lip itself. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the porcine snout could serve as an equivalent in vitro model for human lips. The lips of human test subjects and biopsies of porcine snout tissue were compared using histological and microscopic techniques. Using a dermatological laser scanning microscope, the penetration of topically applied fluorescent sodium fluorescein was investigated in vivo on human lips and in vitro on the porcine snout. Biopsies from the in vitro experiments were studied using fluorescence microscopy. Some parts of the porcine snout show a similar morphology and histology as human lips. The stratum corneum (SC) and the epidermis of the porcine snout are thicker than those of human tissue. Both in vivo and in vitro, the topically applied fluorescent dye was detected only on the skin surface and within the uppermost SC layer. These results indicate that porcine snout can be used as an in vitro model for human lips in penetration studies. Both human and porcine tissues exhibit an efficient barrier against the penetration of topically applied substances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Skin research and technology 11 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0846
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background/purpose: The tape stripping procedure is a suitable minimal invasive tool to study, e.g. the penetration and dermatopharmacokinetics of topically applied substances. In the present study, this procedure was used to remove the stratum corneum (SC) completely and to study the penetration of the UVA filter substance butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane after application in two different vehicles.Methods: The amount of corneocytes removed by each tape strip from the flexor forearm of human volunteers was determined via their pseudo-absorption. In a second part, the penetration profiles of a UVA filter substance applied in two different vehicles were determined following the developed standard protocol using the tape stripping procedure in combination with UV/VIS spectroscopy.Results: The amount of corneocytes removed by each tape strip was related to the number of tape strips used for removal. Mean values with a deviation of less than 20% concerning the relative amount of SC removed by a constant number of tape strips were obtained. For instance, a relative amount of 66±12% was removed with the first 20 tape strips, while nearly the complete SC (95±3%) was removed using 50 tape strips. In addition, these results were used to estimate the relative SC amounts removed, studying the penetration of the UVA filter substance after application in two different vehicles. No significant differences between the distributions of the UV filter substance applied in both emulsions were obtained (P〉0.05).Conclusions: The reported procedure for the estimation of the removed SC amount provides the possibility to avoid the complete removal of the SC and to compare the penetration characteristics obtained for different volunteers and different products in relation to the relative horny layer profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular Structure 114 (1984), S. 101-104 
    ISSN: 0022-2860
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 94 (1983), S. 152-155 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 94 (1983), S. 152-155 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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