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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different presentation of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma in a cohort of 1863 young and old patients — implications for screening (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To compare the clinico-pathological features of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in young and old patients.Methods : The clinico-pathological characteristics of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma were compared in 1863 consecutive patients (121 patients, ≤40 years; 1742 patients, 〉 40 years) seen at a single institution over the last 13 years.Results : Young patients presented more often with pain (P 〈 0.0001), hepatomegaly (P = 0.01) and ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (P = 0.02), whereas old patients presented with ankle oedema (P = 0.001), ascites (P = 0.002) and by routine screening (P = 0.035). Liver function, Child–Pugh grading and indocyanine green test were better preserved in young patients. They also had a higher α-foetoprotein concentration (P = 0.001), larger tumour size (P = 0.001) and more frequent metastasis (P = 0.008), but a similar surgical resection rate (33.6% vs. 28%), to old patients. There was no difference between the two groups in the overall post-resection survival rate, but there was a shorter survival in young patients with unresectable disease (3.6 months vs. 4.6 months, P = 0.004).Conclusion : Young patients with hepatocellular carcinoma often show a later presentation, but a higher resectability rate and similar survival rates, than old patients. The screening programme should include young hepatitis B virus carriers, even in the absence of cirrhosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01912.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinico-biochemical prediction of biliary cause of acute pancreatitis in the era of endoscopic ultrasonography (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Occult biliary stones escape detection on conventional investigations, and clinico-biochemical systems proposed for predicting biliary pancreatitis has low predictive values.Aim : To evaluate the accuracy of clinico-biochemical parameters for prediction of biliary pancreatitis in patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasonography.Methods : Early endoscopic ultrasonography was performed on 139 patients presenting with acute pancreatitis within 24 h of admission. The aetiologies of all patients were determined after complete evaluations, and clinico-biochemical characteristics of patients with a biliary cause (biliary group) and non-biliary causes (non-biliary group) were compared.Results : Biliary pancreatitis was diagnosed in 107 patients and 32 patients had non-biliary causes. The biliary group belonged to a significantly older age group, had a female predominance, significantly more derangement of liver function and a higher incidence of severe attack of acute pancreatitis. On multivariate analysis, female sex, age 〉58 years and serum alanine aminotransferase 〉150 U/L were independent predictive factors for biliary cause of acute pancreatitis. Using these three factors for prediction of biliary cause, the sensitivity was 93% and overall accuracy was 85%.Conclusion : Clinico-biochemical prediction for biliary cause of acute pancreatitis improves in the era of endoscopic ultrasonography with a higher sensitivity and overall accuracy. In centres where endoscopic ultrasonography is inaccessible or local expertise is unavailable, clinico-biochemical prediction of biliary cause of acute pancreatitis may provide a useful alternative in the initial management of this group of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02580.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence and characteristics of familial hepatocellular carcinoma caused by chronic hepatitis B infection in Hong Kong (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Hepatitis B virus infection is an important aetiological factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clusters of hepatocellular carcinoma have been observed in families infected with hepatitis B virus.Aim : To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with familial hepatitis B virus in Hong Kong.Methods : Hepatitis B virus patients were screened for familial hepatocellular carcinoma using a standardized questionnaire. The clinical features of patients with familial hepatocellular carcinoma were compared with those of 118 patients with sporadic hepatocellular carcinoma attending the clinic during the same period.Results : A total of 5080 patients were interviewed. Validation of the questionnaire indicated that the reliability was high. There were 22 families with familial hepatocellular carcinoma, giving a prevalence of 4.3 families/1000 hepatitis B virus carriers. The mean age of onset was 48.5 ± 13 years in familial hepatocellular carcinoma and 62 ± 11 years in sporadic hepatocellular carcinoma (P = 0.005). The ages of onset were 59 ± 11, 40 ± 10 and 18 ± 4 years in the first, second and third generations, respectively (P 〈 0.0001), suggesting an anticipation phenomenon. Familial hepatocellular carcinoma patients were more likely to present with pain (70% vs. 10%, P 〈 0.0001), but not on routine screening (14% vs. 52%, P 〈 0.0001), than sporadic hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Conclusion : The prevalence of familial hepatocellular carcinoma is significant in Hong Kong. These patients show specific clinical features when compared with patients with sporadic hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2004.01855.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quadratic programming model for optimal data distribution (1981)
    Springer
    BIT 21 (1981), S. 294-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, a quadratic programming model is developed to take into consideration a number of factors that can influence the process of optimal allocation of data among the nodes in a distributed database. The factors include communication costs, translation costs, congestion costs and storage costs. Beale's method is used to solve the resulting quadratic program. Some numerical examples are presented and the potentials of such an approach in the design and analysis of distributed databases are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941464
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