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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mode of action of paraquat in leaves of paraquat-resistant Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 15 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The mode of action of paraquat (1,1-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium) and the mechanism of resistance to it were studied in leaves of atrazine/paraquat co-resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes of horseweed (Conyza canadensis) collected from Hungarian vineyards. The application of 0·5 mol m−3 paraquat by spraying onto the surface of the leaves of intact plants in the light rapidly led to typical symptoms of paraquat action in the initial period in both biotypes, i.e. inhibition of CO2 fixation, suppression of variable chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv), decrease of oxygen evolution and stimulation of ethane production. The inhibitory effect of paraquat in the S plants was irreversible, whereas it was transient in the R plants and those plants recovered gradually afterwards. The R plants recovered from the inhibitory effect of paraquat only in the light, and an increase in light intensity was found to have a pronounced effect on the recovery of Fv. The mechanism of resistance to paraquat in C. canadensis is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb01486.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Amyloid neurotoxicity is mediated by a glutamate-triggered excitotoxic cascade in rat nucleus basalis (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 12 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Whereas a cardinal role for β-amyloid protein (Aβ) has been postulated as a major trigger of neuronal injury in Alzheimer's disease, the pathogenic mechanism by which Aβ deranges nerve cells remains largely elusive. Here we report correlative in vitro and in vivo evidence that an excitotoxic cascade mediates Aβ neurotoxicity in the rat magnocellular nucleus basalis (MBN). In vitro application of Aβ to astrocytes elicits rapid depolarization of astroglial membranes with a concomitant inhibition of glutamate uptake. In vivo Aβ infusion by way of microdialysis in the MBN revealed peak extracellular concentrations of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters within 20–30 min. Aβ-triggered extracellular elevation of excitatory amino acids coincided with a significantly enhanced intracellular accumulation of Ca2+ in the Aβ injection area, as was demonstrated by 45Ca2+ autoradiography. In consequence of these acute processes delayed cell death in the MBN and persistent loss of cholinergic fibre projections to the neocortex appear as early as 3 days following the Aβ-induced toxic insult. Such a sequence of Aβ toxicity was effectively antagonized by the N-methyl- d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor ligand dizocilpine maleate (MK-801). Moreover, Aβ toxicity in the MBN decreases with advancing age that may be associated with the age-related loss of NMDA receptor expression in rats. In summary, the present results indicate that Aβ compromises neurons of the rat MBN via an excitotoxic pathway including astroglial depolarization, extracellular glutamate accumulation, NMDA receptor activation and an intracellular Ca2+ overload leading to cell death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00164.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical compositions and physical states of chloroplast lipids related to atrazine resistance in Conyza canadensis L.
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 42 (1985), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Conyza canadensis ; herbicide resistance ; lipid and fatty acid compositions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9452(85)90023-8
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmembrane potentials in cells: a diS-C"3(3) assay for relative potentials as an indicator of real changes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 1196 (1994), S. 181-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Keywords: 3,3'-Dipropylthiacarbocyanine ; Confocal microscopy ; DiS-C"3(3) ; Flow cytometry ; Spectral analysis ; Transmembrane potential
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0005-2736(94)00209-6
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthetic characteristics of detached barley leaves during greening in the presence of SAN 9785 (1986)
    Springer
    Planta 169 (1986), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chlorophyll-protein complex ; Chloroplast development ; Electron transport ; Greening ; Leaf (greening) ; Hordeum (fluorescence induction) ; Photosynthesis during greening ; SAN 9785
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the pyridazinone compound SAN 9785 on the photosynthetic competence of leaves, on the photochemical activity of isolated thylakoids and on the formation and spectral properties of chlorophyll-protein complexes were studied during a 72-h greening period of detached etiolated leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Horpácsi kétsoros). It was established that i) the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves decreased considerably (by 80 and 90%, as determined by14CO2 fixation and fast fluorescence induction measurements, respectively); ii) the photochemical activity of isolated thylakoids from water to potassium ferricyanide and from dichlorophenol indophenol/ascorbate to methylviologen exhibited only slight reductions when expressed on a chlorophyll basis compared with the control; iii) the slow fluorescence induction curves of the treated leaves demonstrated the presence of a peculiar fluorescence component interrupting the quenching of fluorescence at around 1 min illumination; iv) a shortage of the chlorophyll-protein complex of photosystem I (CPI) occurred with a higher content of the monomer of the light harvesting complex in the thylakoids of treated leaves; and v) the fluorescence spectrum of the CPI band present in treated leaves indicates the destruction of the structural integrity of this complex during isolation from the membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01369783
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between linolenic-acid deficiency in chloroplast membrane lipids and decreasing photosynthetic activity in barley
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Bioenergetics 849 (1986), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0005-2728
    Keywords: (Barley chloroplast) ; Chloroplast fatty acid ; Electron transport ; Fluorescence induction ; Membrane fluidity ; Pyridazinone
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0005-2728(86)90098-8
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