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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cadmium and copper on the ultrastructure ofAnkistrodesmus braunii andAnabaena 7120 (1981)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 7 (1981), S. 183-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of brief exposure to, or growth in the presence of, lethal and sublethal concentrations of Cu(NO)2 and Cd(NO3) on the ultrastructure of the blue-green algaAnabaena 7120 and the green algaAnkistrodesmus braunii were studied. Exposure to increasing amount of both metal ions led to the appearance of larger proportions of electron-dense cells whose organelles were less well defined than those of untreated cells. Metal-treated cells ofAnabaena 7120 became distorted. Some had a corrugated appearance. Others lysed, leaving a much larger proportion of heterocysts. Such heterocysts were often empty or had a curious collapsed appearance. Growth ofA. braunii in the presence of 10−4 M Cu(NO2)2 produced substantial numbers of multinucleate giant cells with thick walls; such cells result from repeated mitotic division without subsequent cytokinesis. The giant cells contained centrioles, structures not as yet found in normal cells of the genusAnkistrodesmus. Some nuclei of giant, but not of normal, cells contained deep indentations that appeared as “holes” in cross section. Some giant cells also contained triple parallel strands of endoplasmic reticulum which extended across much of the cell, connecting to the nuclear envelope. Some ultrastructural changes were also noted in algal cells grown over sediment containing Cu or Cd, but these were generally less severe than those occurring when metal ions were added directly to the algal cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02032499
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2,3-Butanediol production from xylose and other hemicellulosic components by Bacillus polymyxa (1984)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 6 (1984), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract In the xylose fermentation of Bacillus polymyxa strain 9035, best 2,3-butanediol yields were obtained with 1.0 % yeast extract, 4–6 % xylose, shaking at 125 rpm and incubation at 30°C. Under these conditions, mannose, galactose, L-arabinose, cellobiose, starch and glucose were readily metabolized and yielded significant amounts of diol. Diol production from xylan was also demonstrated. In addition, the screening of a number of B. polymyxa strains on xylose revealed that only strains 9031-1 and 9035 used xylose extensively and produced significant amounts of diol. The latter strain proved best under scaled-up conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00140047
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of yeast extract on the fermentation of glucose to 2,3-butanediol by Bacillus polymyxa (1984)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 6 (1984), S. 535-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The fermentation of glucose to 2,3-butanediol by Bacillus polymyxa was improved by increasing the amount of yeast extract in the culture medium. A level of 1.5% (w/v) resulted in optimal 2,3-butanediol production. A comparable fermentation could be achieved with 0.5% yeast extract if the phosphate level of the medium was increased from 0.0026 to 0.078 M and the medium was supplemented with 40 μM iron and 1.7 μM manganese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00139998
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of various atmospheric conditions on the 2,3-butanediol fermentation from glucose byBacillus polymyxa (1985)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 7 (1985), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The examination of the effect of N2, air and O2 on the glucose to 2,3-butanediol fermentation byBacillus polymyxa showed that N2 sparging resulted in best 2,3-butanediol production at low yeast extract concentration (0.5%, w/v) whereas aeration produced best results with high yeast extract levels (1.2%, w/v). However, under all atmospheric conditions, improvements in rates and yields of 2,3-butanediol production and rates of glucose utilization were observed with high yeast extract. Regardless of the yeast extract levels, highest concentrations of ethanol and acetoin were obtained with N2 sparging and aeration respectively. No acetoin accumulated under anaerobic (N2) conditions and no ethanol accumulated with aeration. The rate of glucose utilization, in all fermentations, was highest under N2 and lowest with O2 sparging. In addition to the biochemical results, morphological observations with O2, N2 and air sparging are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01032420
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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