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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Visual Representation on Social Influence in Computer-Mediated Communication (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Human communication research 30 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Two experiments investigated if and how visual representation of interactants affects depersonalization and conformity to group norms in anonymous computer-mediated communication (CMC). In Experiment 1, a 2 (intergroup versus interpersonal) × 2 (same character versus different character) between-subjects design experiment (N= 60), each participant made a decision about social dilemmas after seeing two other (ostensible) participants’ unanimous opinions and then exchanged supporting arguments. Consistent with the Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects (SIDE), when the group level of self-identity was rendered salient in an intergroup encounter, uniform virtual appearance of CMC partners triggered depersonalization and subsequent conformity behavior. By contrast, when the personal dimension of the self was salient, standardized representation tended to reduce conformity. To elucidate the mediation process, Experiment 2 investigated the causal links between depersonalization, group identification, and conformity. The results show that depersonalization accentuated adherence to group norms, both directly and indirectly via group identification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2004.tb00732.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental Tests of Normative Group Influence and Representation Effects in Computer-Mediated Communication (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Human communication research 28 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Two experiments addressed the questions of if and how normative social influence operates in anonymous computer-mediated communication (CMC) and human-computer interaction (HCI). In Experiment 1, a 2 (public response vs. private response) × 2 (one interactant vs. four interactants) × 3 (textbox vs. stick figure vs. animated character) mixed-design experiment (N = 72), we investigated how conformity pressure operates in a simulated CMC setting. Each participant was asked to make a decision in hypothetical social dilemmas after being presented with a unanimous opinion by other (ostensible) participants. The experiment examined how the visual representation of interaction partners on the screen moderates this social influence process. Group conformity effects were shown to be more salient when the participant's responses were allegedly seen by others, compared to when the responses were given in private. In addition, participants attributed greater competence, social attractiveness, and trustworthiness to partners represented by anthropomorphic characters than those represented by textboxes or stick figures. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1, replacing interaction with a computer(s) rather than (ostensible) people, to create an interaction setting in which no normative pressure was expected to occur. The perception of interaction partner (human vs. computer) moderated the group conformity effect such that people expressed greater public agreement with human partners than with computers. No such difference was found for the private expression of opinion. As expected, the number of computer agents did not affect participants' opinions whether the responses were given in private or in public, while visual representation had a significant impact on both conformity measures and source perception variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2002.tb00812.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple eccrine hidrocystomas associated with Graves’ disease (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 41 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 20-year-old Korean woman presented in August 1999 with a 3-month history of multiple, tiny papules on the periorbital and malar areas (〈link href="#f14431"〉Fig. 1a). She had noted hyperhidrosis for the preceding 6 months, even at room temperature. She had been well and had received no medication prior to her first visit to our clinic. Physical examination showed yellow colored, translucent, small papules, as well as finger tremor, exophthalmos, and a goiter. Histologic examination demonstrated cystic structures in the dermis lined with two layers of cuboidal epithelial cells (〈link href="#f14432"〉Fig. 2). The epidermis was normal and the rete ridges were partially effaced. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the epithelial cells of the cyst wall were carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) positive but S-100 protein negative.〈figure xml:id="f14431"〉1〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:00119059:IJD1443_5:IJD_1443_f1"/〉Multiple tiny papules on the periorbital and malar areas before (a) and after (b) treatment for Graves’ disease〈figure xml:id="f14432"〉2〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:00119059:IJD1443_5:IJD_1443_f2"/〉Staining with hematoxylin and eosin (× 100); (b) Staining with hematoxylin and eosin (× 200); (c) CEA-positive epithelial cells; (d) S-100 protein-negative epithelial cellsBecause a goiter and finger tremor were noted on physical examination, hyperthyroidism was suspected. Thyroid function test results were: triiodothyronine (T3), 8.0 ng/mL (normal range, 0.7–1.9 ng/mL); free thyroxine (T4), 8.1 ng/mL (0.7–1.9 ng/mL); T4, 35 µg/dL (6.0–11.8 µg/dL); thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), 0.04 IU/mL (0.25–4.0 IU/mL); positive for anti-TSH receptor antibody. On the basis of these findings, the patient was diagnosed with Graves’ disease and treated with methimazole, 40 mg/day. As the patient's symptoms improved, the therapeutic dose was decreased to 20 mg/day. Four months after the beginning of treatment, the free T4 and T3 values had returned to the normal range (〈link href="#t14431"〉Table 1). The skin lesions, finger tremor, and hyperhidrosis had also disappeared. Exophthalmos was improved, but still present (〈link href="#f14431"〉Fig. 1b).〈tabular xml:id="t14431"〉1〈title type="main"〉 Comparison of thyroid hormone values in Graves’ disease pretreatment and post-treatment 〈table frame="topbot"〉〈tgroup cols="3" align="left"〉〈colspec colnum="1" colname="col1"/〉〈colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" align="char" char="."/〉〈colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" align="char" char="."/〉〈thead valign="bottom"〉 T3 (ng/mL) Free T4 (ng/mL) 〈tbody valign="top"〉Pretreatment8.08.1Post-treatment1.00.15〈note xml:id="t14431_note3" numbered="no"〉T3, triiodothyronine; T4, thyroxine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01356_5.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Understanding consumer motivation and behavior related to self-scanning in retailing: Implications for strategy and research on technology-based self-service (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of service industry management 14 (2003), S. 59-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0956-4233
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Self-scanning technology is being tested by major supermarket chains as well as other types of retailers across the world, but the success of the new technology from the consumer's perspective is not yet clear. This study investigates consumer reasons for both using and avoiding self-scanning checkouts with a view to addressing these practitioner issues. In addition, the study advances theory on consumer motivation and behavior related to technology-based self-service in general. Factors driving preference or avoidance of self-scanning checkouts include attributes of self-scanners, consumer differences, and situational influences. Reasons for preference of other types of technology-based self-service over traditional service alternatives are also explored to determine motivational and behavioral patterns across service contexts. A combination of research methods is used to investigate these issues and offers richer findings than any one method used alone. Implications are discussed for managerial strategy as well as for future research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09564230310465994
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Segmenting the non-adopter category in the diffusion of internet banking (2005)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of bank marketing 23 (2005), S. 414-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-2323
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - For a new technology-based product or service at an early stage of diffusion, it is likely that only a small subset of consumers have adopted it. When non-adopters still comprise the majority of the target populations, describing all non-adopters as a homogeneous population may be inaccurate and inappropriate. It is important to be able to identify differences, not only between adopters and non-adopters, but also among non-adopters, the latter providing a means of identifying the consumer segments likely to be profitable in the future. The first objective of this paper is to demonstrate the appropriateness of further segmenting the non-adopter category based on motivations (intentions) to adopt internet-banking by those who are "persistent non-adopters" and those who are likely "prospective adopters". The second objective of this paper is to further the understanding of the adoption process of internet banking by examining a range of diffusion factors that affect consumers' adoption behavior. Design/methodology/approach - This study identifies three adopter segments, persistent non-adopters, prospective adopters, and adopters, in the diffusion of internet banking services based on individuals' intentions to adopt internet banking and their actual adoption behavior, using the data collected by the Graphic, Visualization, & Usability Center and Georgia Tech Research Corporation. Selective adoption factors (i.e. perceived attribute importance of internet banking, perceived risk, compatibility with existing banking services, and compatibility with the internet and computer technologies) were used to predict individuals' adoption status through multinomial logit modeling. Findings - It was found that further segmenting the non-adopter category revealed meaningful differences between prospective adopters and persistent non-adopters. This study reflects that the previous research practice of bifurcating adoption categories (adoption versus non-adoption) is oversimplified. The two qualitatively different segments, prospective adopters and persistent non-adopters, should not be lumped together in the diffusion of internet banking. Originality/value - This study provides comparison profiles of the three adopter categories and discusses marketing implications for segmentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02652320510612483
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative analysis of collagen membranes for the treatment of implant dehiscence defects (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Clinical oral implants research 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0501
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) evolved from the concept of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and has been used for reconstructing sites with bone deficiencies associated with dental implants. For GBR, the use of absorbable collagen membranes has been increasing, but, at present, scientific information on the use of collagen membranes for GBR is limited. This study was aimed to clinically and histomorphometrically compare two collagen membranes, Bio-Gide® and BioMend ExtendTM, for the treatment of implant dehiscence defects in eight mongrel dogs. Implant dehiscence defects were surgically created in edentulous ridges, followed by the placement of three endosseous implants bilaterally in the mandible. Each implant dehiscence defect was randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) control (no membrane), (2) porcine dermis collagen barrier (Bio-Gide) or (3) bovine tendon collagen barrier (BioMend Extend). Dogs were sacrificed at 4 and 16 weeks (four dogs each) after treatment. Histomorphometric analysis included percentage linear bone fill (LF), new bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and area of new bone fill (BF). The results of the study revealed no significant differences among groups for any parameter at 4 weeks. However, at 16 weeks, more LF, BIC, and BF were noted in the membrane-treated groups than controls. BioMend Extend-treated defects demonstrated significantly greater BIC than control (P 〈 0.05) at this time point. BIC at 16 weeks was significantly greater than 4-week BIC (P 〈 0.05). Membrane exposure occurred in 9 out of 15 sites examined, resulting in significantly less LF and BIC than the sites without membrane exposure (P 〈 0.05). The results of this study indicate that: (1) GBR treatment with collagen membranes may significantly enhance bone regeneration, manifested at late stage (16 weeks) of healing; and (2) space maintenance and membrane coverage were the two most important factors affecting GBR using bioabsorbable collagen membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.140111.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid phase synthesis of benzamidine and butylamine-derived hydantoin libraries (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular diversity 3 (1997), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-501X
    Keywords: benzamidine ; butylamine-based hydantoin libraries ; solid phase synthesis ; traceless cleavage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We have constructed a number of benzamidine- and butylamine-based hydantoin compounds by means of an efficient route using solid phase synthesis in which neat diisopropylamine was employed for a novel cyclization/traceless cleavage step. All library compounds were obtained in excellent yield and high purity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009654016626
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid phase synthesis of benzamidine-derived sulfonamide libraries (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular diversity 3 (1997), S. 133-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-501X
    Keywords: benzamidine-containing sulfonamide ; solid phase synthesis ; thrombin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Using solid phase synthesis, a library has been constructed of benzamidine-derived sulfonamides which have strong inhibitory activity against blood coagulant thrombin. The library compounds were obtained in good yield and high purity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009608400697
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The chemical and physical properties of electrochemically prepared polyaniline perchlorate (PAP) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 2129-2139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyaniline perchlorate (PAP) was synthesized by electrochemical oxidation from 0.2 M aniline in acetonitrile solution containing 0.1 M tetraethylammonium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte. From polarographic and cyclic voltammetry results, the values of the half-wave potential (E1/2), transfer coefficient (α), and number of electrons related to the electrode reaction (n) were calculated to be 825 mV, 0.894, and 1, respectively. The morphology of the PAP film was observed by using an SEM analyzer. From thermal analysis of the PAP sample, the reaction rate (R) for its thermal decomposition was obtained from the TGA result and a exothermic peak at 330°C was also observed in the DSC curve. The electrical conductivity of the PAP pellet was measured at temperatures from -170 to 25°C. From a plot of conductivity vs. 1/T, the activation energy (Ea) was obtained to be 0.14 eV. The conduction mechanism in a pressed pellet of PAP is suggested to be electronic hopping conduction. The values of the ESR parameters were calculated from an ESR curve for PAP at room temperature.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420803
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoconductivity and photovoltaic effect of charge-transfer complex of poly[4-phenyl-2,6-(p-phenoxy) quinoline] and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 50 (1993), S. 1429-1433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new polymer containing a heterocyclic quinoline unit in the main chain, poly[4-phenyl-2,6-(p-phenoxy) quinoline] (PQ), was synthesized by an acid-catalyzed self-condensation reaction. We have found that PQ, which is generally a good insulator itself, can show photoconductivity when doped with an electron acceptor. From the UV-VIS absorption spectra, we found that PQ can form a charge-transfer (CT) complex with an electron acceptor, 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ). The CT complex of the PQ-DDQ mixture showed distinct photoconductivity. Employing the DDQ composition ranging from 5 to 10 wt %, the ratio of dark and photoconductivity was calculated to be about 1 : 100 at an applied electric field of 105 V/cm. Additionally, the bilayer sample of PQ/DDQ exhibited a significant photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic current increased with increasing photointensity. The open-circuit voltage was measured ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 V and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency was calculated to be 10-3-10-2%. The PQ film treated with DDQ vapor showed a relatively higher photovoltaic effect than that of the sample treated with DDQ solution. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070500814
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