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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 6175-6189 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this article we report an application of the time-dependent close-coupled wave-packet (CCWP) method to the rotationally inelastic scattering of NO(X 2Π) molecules from a rigid, flat Ag(111) surface. Previous applications of the CCWP method have been restricted to either direct scattering off purely repulsive potentials requiring short propagation times, or weakly physisorbed systems in which only a few internal states are coupled. The calculations reported here were performed for a molecule in an initial state with a momentum distribution peaked around E=6700 cm−1 scattering off a strongly anisotropic potential with a well depth of 4400 cm−1 and a long-range tail. Numerical procedures were introduced which enhance the efficiency of the CCWP method whenever a large number of internal states or a large number of grid points are needed to simulate the collision. For the current application to NO–Ag these techniques reduced the required CPU time by more than an order of magnitude. The resulting state–to–state transition probabilities are compared with previous time-independent close-coupled calculations, and with the semiclassical self-consistent eikonal method (SCEM). The agreement between the two quantum-mechanical methods is well within the accuracy of both numerical procedures. A comparison of the instantaneous transition probabilities calculated throughout the propagation shows good agreement between the CCWP and the SCEM calculations at high collision energies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 5036-5046 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The results of full close-coupled calculations of state-to-state cross sections for rotationally inelastic collisions of NH in its A 3Π electronic state with helium, based on the recently calculated ab initio potential energy surfaces of Jonas and Staemmler [Z. Phys. D 14, 143 (1989)], are presented. The calculated Λ-doublet resolved cross sections have been compared with predictions based on formal analyses of the scattering equations both in the Hund's case (a) and (b) limits. For transitions involving low J levels, a strong propensity toward conservation of the e/f label was found, as expected in the case (a) limit. For higher J, the cross sections connecting related pairs of Λ-doublet levels were found to be unequal, reflecting a quantum mechanical interference between the two potential energy surfaces arising from the interaction of a molecule in a Λ〉0 state with a perturber. For transitions connected by even l terms in the expansion of the potentials, a simple analysis, based on the relative strengths of the l=2 coupling matrix elements of the electrostatic potential, was found capable of explaining the relative ordering of the cross sections in most cases. A similar success for predicting transitions coupled by odd l terms in the potential was not found; this reflects the fact that the l=3 terms are relatively small for the NH(A 3Π)–He interaction. The calculated cross sections for large J also exhibit a propensity for conservation of the fine-structure label, as expected in the case (b) limit. As an indication of the reliability of the calculated interaction potential and our treatment of the collision dynamics, appropriately summed calculated cross sections reproduce well the experimental rates for transitions from selected f levels into all e levels, as measured by Stuhl and co-workers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 767-776 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report time-dependent close-coupled wave packet calculations of transition probabilities for the direct rotationally inelastic scattering of oriented NO(X 2Π) molecules from a rigid, flat Pt surface. A comparison is made with the recent experiments of Kuipers, Tenner, Kleyn, and Stolte [Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2152 (1989); J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 8, 2692 (1990)] on NO molecules which were state selected with an electrostatic hexapole lens and oriented in a Stark field. Compared with unoriented molecules, the mean rotational energy is increased (decreased) by approximately 15% when the O end (N end) of the molecule is directed towards the surface, in qualitative agreement with experiment. An analysis of the rotational excitation mechanism in this collision system shows that the steric effect is strongly influenced by the dependence of the attractive region of the gas–surface potential on molecular orientation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 4115-4126 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we describe a numerically efficient pseudospectral method for solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in spherical coordinates. In this method the translational kinetic energy operator is evaluated with a Fourier transform. The angular dependence of the wave function is expanded on a two-dimensional grid in coordinate space and the angular part of the Laplacian is evaluated by a Gauss–Legendre–Fourier transform between the coordinate and conjugate angular momentum representations. The potential energy operator is diagonal. Calculations performed for a model system representing H2 scattering from a static corrugated surface yield transition probabilities identical to those obtained with the close coupled wave packet (CCWP) method. The new algorithm will be more efficient than the CCWP method for problems in which a large number of rotational states are coupled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 5425-5439 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using recent ab initio interaction potential energy surfaces for the CN (X 2Σ+, A 2Π)+He system [H.-J. Werner, B. Follmeg, and M. H. Alexander, J. Chem. Phys. 89, 3139 (1988)], we have calculated fully quantum cross sections for inelastic transitions between individual rovibrational levels of the A 2Π and the X 2Σ+ states of CN. We have concentrated on the transitions studied experimentally by Dagdigian and co-workers for CN+Ar, namely transitions between the rotational levels of the A, v=8 and X, v'=12, the A, v=7 and X, v'=11, and the A, v=3 and X, v'=7 vibrational manifolds. In the case of the 8→12 and 7→11 transitions the cross sections are large (0.1–1 A(ring)2), and the dependence on initial Λ doublet level and on final rotational quantum number displays the same subtle alternations as seen experimentally. In the case of the 3→7 transitions, for which the vibrational levels are energetically much more separated, the calculated cross sections for CN+He are extremely small (10−5 A(ring)2), far smaller than observed experimentally for CN+Ar. In order to resolve this discrepancy, we have carried out some additional ab initio calculations for the CN+Ar system, but the change in the interelectronic coupling potential appears not to be large enough to explain the magnitude of the experimental cross sections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 5305-5312 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a three-dimensional, fully quantum study of the diffractive scattering of He from isolated CO adsorbates on Pt(111). The nonspecular scattered He distributions are dominated by quantum interference effects such as Fraunhofer diffraction and rainbows. The determination of the final scattering distributions hence requires an exact treatment of the translational motion of the helium atom. Our wave packet simulations are free of dynamical approximations in the gas phase and provide the whole diffractive scattering distributions. One important motivation of this work was to assess the adequacy of a reduced dimensionality treatment to derive the geometrical parameters of the adsorption. It is found that, even if the interaction is characterized by azimuthal symmetry, a two-dimensional Fourier treatment is not sufficient to give reasonable estimates of both the size of the adsorbate and its position above the surface. We further investigate the scattering distributions as a function of the collision energy and discuss the appropriateness of a pure Fraunhofer model to interpret the results and derive geometrical parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 3936-3944 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a general discrete Bessel transform based on the Bessel functions of the first kind for any integer or half-integer order ν. This discrete Bessel transform shares a number of similitudes with the discrete Fourier transform in that we have discretized both the coordinate and momentum continuums, and since the discrete transform of order 1/2 exactly specializes to the discrete sine Fourier transform. We demonstrate that our discrete Bessel transform is comparable to the discrete Fourier transform in terms of both the accuracy and the efficiency. Indeed, our discretization procedure provides an optimal sampling grid for Bessel functions of the first kind, and the accuracy of the transform converges exponentially as the number of grid points is increased. We successfully apply the optimally discretized Bessel methodology to the harmonic oscillator in both cylindrical and spherical coordinates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 4350-4356 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a time-resolved quantum flux analysis of oriented NO collisions with flat Ag,Pt surfaces. We adopt both the molecular and the adiabatic viewpoints. This enables us to understand the basic mechanisms that allows one to correlate the final steric effects with the initial molecular orientation. We find that rotational excitation is always enhanced (diminished) when the O (N) end of the molecule is initially directed towards the surface, in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations of Kleyn and co-workers. Our simulations illustrate the two limiting regimes of rotational excitation and stereospecificity. One is sudden and implies that the initial orientation is conserved as the molecule strongly interacts with the surface. The other one is adiabatic and includes reorientation effects. The adiabatic description proves to be invaluable in complementing a molecular analysis in surface scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 4343-4349 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the context of wave packet methodology we show how to take advantage of the diffractive scattering symmetry arising when the incident beam is normal to the surface or to a surface principal axis. This may lead to a reduction in dimensionality being up to a factor of 8. The Fourier transformation is applied to evaluate the translational kinetic energy operator. Two alternative treatments are possible depending on whether the transformation is utilized to calculate the kinetic energy matrix elements in coordinate space, or whether it is applied to the wave function itself to switch between coordinate and momentum representations. The first approach is similar to the discrete variable representation treatment in the spirit of Light and co-workers whereas the second one enables the use of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) scheme of Kosloff and Kosloff. We provide a detailed comparison between the two approaches as a function of the size of the grid, with and without the presence of symmetry in the diffractive scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 10526-10532 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We emphasize the merits and the superiority of the most complete nondirect product representation in non-Cartesian coordinates. Beyond the proper choice of basis set we show how to further optimize the spectral range in multidimensional calculations. The combined use of a fully pseudospectral scheme and the finite basis representation (FBR) as the primary space ensures the smallest prefactor in the semilinear scaling law of the Hamiltonian evaluation with respect to the FBR size. In the context of scattering simulations we present a simplified asymptotic treatment which increases the efficiency of the FBR-based pseudospectral approach. An optimal 6D pseudospectral scheme is proposed to treat the vibrational excitation and/or dissociation of a diatomic molecule scattering from a rigid, corrugated surface, and serves to illustrate our discussion. A 5D numerical demonstration is made for the rotationally inelastic scattering of N2 from a model LiF surface. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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