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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacology of inhalational anaesthetics in infants and children (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 2 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.1992.tb00200.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of vecuronium and atracurium during halothane anaesthesia in children (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd, UK
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The combination of vecuronium and atracurium was studied in 60 children of ASA physical status 1 or 2. In part I, the dose–response relationships were determined in 30 children who were randomly assigned to receive a single bolus of 0.02, 0.025 or 0.03 mgkg−1 of vecuronium or 0.075, 0.01 or 0.0125 mgkg−1 of atracurium. The evoked electromyogram of the adductor pollicis brevis muscle to train-of-four stimulation was monitored. The speed of onset of the neuromuscular blockade was determined by a 95% depression of the train-of-four whereas the recovery index was established at 75% recovery of T1. In part II, 30 children were randomly assigned to receive 2 × ED95 of vecuronium, 2 × ED95 of atracurium, or a combination of 1 × ED95 of vecuronium + 1 × ED95 of atracurium. This study showed that the ED50 and ED95 for vecuronium were 0.021 mgkg−1 and 0.037 mgkg−1 and for atracurium 0.11 mgkg−1 and 0.30 mgkg−1, respectively. The slopes of the dose–response relationships were significantly different (p 〈 0.001). With vecuronium alone, the speed of onset of neuromuscular blockade was significantly slower (p 〈 0.001) and the duration of action less (p 〈 0.001) than that with atracurium alone or with the combination. There were no differences between atracurium and the combination of both medications. The recovery index was similar for all groups. We conclude that the dose–response relationships of vecuronium and atracurium in children undergoing halothane anaesthesia are not parallel and the neuromuscular effects of vecuronium and atracurium are neither additive nor synergistic. While vecuronium has a shorter duration of action than atracurium, this feature is not apparent when it is combined with atracurium in equipotent doses. Recovery is rapid and not prolonged when these two drugs are combined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1998.00259.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of remifentanil versus regional anaesthesia in children anaesthetised with isoflurane/nitrous oxide (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We compared the efficacy and safety of a remifentanil (0.25 µg.kg−1.min−1)-based balanced anaesthetic technique with a bupivacaine-based regional anaesthetic technique in an open label, multicentre study in 271 ASA physical status 1 or 2 children aged 1–12 years. Subjects requiring major intra-abdominal, urological or orthopaedic surgery were randomly allocated to receive either intravenous remifentanil (group R; n = 185) or epidural bupivacaine (group B; n = 86) with isoflurane/nitrous oxide for their anaesthesia. The majority of children in both groups (85% in group R, 78% in group B) showed no defined response to skin incision, and although the mean increase in systolic blood pressure (+11 mmHg) was significantly greater in group R than in group B, this change did not represent a serious haemodynamic disturbance. More children in group R (31%) required interventions to treat hypotension and/or bradycardia than those in group B (12%), but these were easily managed by administration of fluids or anticholinergic drugs. Adverse events, mainly nausea and/or vomiting, occurred in 45% of group R and 42% of group B (NS). The adverse event profile of remifentanil in this study was typical of a potent µ-opioid receptor agonist. Remifentanil was as effective as epidural or caudal block in providing analgesia and suppressing physiological responses to surgical stimuli in children aged between 1 and 12 years undergoing major abdominal, urological, or orthopaedic surgery under isoflurane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2000.01607.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal Fluctuations of Atmospheric 14C: Causal Factors and Implications (1978)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 6 (1978), S. 457-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6597
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.06.050178.002325
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaesthesia for Jehovah's Witnesses (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb07678.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a child (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 3 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an uncommon condition, characterized by the insidious onset of fever, muscle rigidity, elevated creatine kinase, tachycardia, haemodynamic instability, altered level of consciousness, tachypnoea, diaphoresis and leucocytosis over a period of days to weeks. This condition occurs almost exclusively in patients receiving antipsychotic medications. We present a case of an eight-year-old boy who developed a condition that was suggestive of neuroleptic malignant syndrome after receiving oral haloperidol for control of athetoid movements. NMS is of particular importance to the anaesthetist since its clinical presentation may be confused with malignant hyperthermia (MH). Patients who had been treated for NMS have been reported as having a muscle biopsy positive for MH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.1993.tb00034.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaesthesia for insertion of ear tubes in children: comparison of propofol, thiopentone and halothane (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 7 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine the quality of anaesthesia and speed of recovery after propofol anaesthesia for myringotomy in children, 100 children 2–12 years were randomized to one of four anaesthetic regimens for induction/maintenance: thiopentone (STP) (5 mg·kg−1)/halothane, propofol (3 mg·kg−1)/halothane, halothane/halothane or propofol (3 mg·kg−1)/propofol bolus (0.5 mg·kg−1 every 3 min (10 mg·kg−1·h−1)). Nitrous oxide (70%) in oxygen (30%) was used to facilitate insertion of an intravenous catheter and was continued throughout the anaesthetic. We found that the incidence of intraoperative movement in response to surgical stimulation was significantly greater in the prop/prop group 32%, compared with the three other groups (P〈0.02). Although some recovery variables (time to response to questions, sit unaided, tolerate oral fluids, and discharge with fluids) were achieved more rapidly by the prop/prop group than the other three groups, the times to open eyes, obey commands and, most importantly, discharge from recovery without fluids did not differ between the prop/prop and the hal/hal groups. We conclude that there is little benefit in using propofol as an induction agent alone or in combination with a propofol maintenance anaesthetic for paediatric myringotomy and tube surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.1997.d01-36.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is cricoid pressure necessary? (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 12 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00940.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Carbon-14 Evidence for Six Hundred Years Old Canna compacta Seed (1971)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 232 (1971), S. 568-570 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Santa Rosa de Tastil is the first archaeological town dated in the Argentine north-west (24 25' S, 65 50' W, 2,800 m altitude). In the site were excavated remains of a conglomerate of about 400 dwellings with an evolved network of streets and squares. About 100 tombs and several contemporaneous ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/232568a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the intelligibility of esophageal, electrolaryngeal, and normal speech in quiet and in noise
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Communication Disorders 16 (1983), S. 143-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9924
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0021-9924(83)90045-X
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