Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Downmodulation of CD18 and CD86 on Macrophages and VLA-4 on Lymphocytes in Experimental Tuberculosis (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 54 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Development and evaluation of new vaccines and immunotherapy against tuberculosis demand a better understanding of the immune mechanisms in this disease. Costimulatory signals and intercellular contact seem to be pivotal in determining whether recognition of antigen by T cells leads to activation or anergy. In this paper, we show that virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv downmodulates the ex vivo expression of CD18 and CD86 on peritoneal macrophages and VLA-4 on lymphocytes but does not disturb the in vitro production of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN)-γ after intraperitoneal infection. In addition, splenocytes from infected mice produce IL-10, while the expression of cell surface receptors is unchanged. The interplay among IL-12, IFN-γ and IL-10 in vivo and the downmodulation of cell-surface receptors during the infection at the inflammatory site may contribute to the explanation of the maintenance of infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00996.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exogenous application of gangliosides changes the state of excitability of retinal tissue as demonstrated by retinal spreading depression experiments (1997)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 355 (1997), S. 507-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Gangliosides ; Retina ; Spreading depression ; Calcium homeostasis ; Migraine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gangliosides are amphiphilic, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids which are found preferentially in complex composition in the cellular membranes of the nervous system of vertebrates, including the vertebrate retina as well as in other membranes. They are always exposed to the extracellular side of the membranes. By virtue of the negative charges they carry at their headgroup, they contribute to the surface charge of the membrane and may affect ion distribution, mainly that of protons and calcium ions, at the outer side of the membranes. Using retinal spreading depression (RSD) as a tool, we show in this study that the addition of exogenous gangliosides to the extracellular space can change the state of excitability of the retinal tissue. In RSD experiments it reduces the propagation velocity as well as the intrinsic optical signal of RSD waves. These effects are concentration dependent (IC50 about 20 μM) and increase with the increasing negative charge of the ganglioside headgroup. As a possible mechanistic basis of the changes found, the change of the calcium homeostasis of the extracellular space by the exogenously added gangliosides is discussed. Gangliosides have been reported to be useful in the treatment of some neuropathological syndromes, including migraine, although experimental verification has not been possible up to now. Taking into account that the retina is a true part of the CNS, our data may be interpreted as the requested verification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00004976
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacological modulation of the refractory period of retinal spreading depression (1998)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 357 (1998), S. 419-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Retina ; Spreading depression ; Refractory ; period#
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spreading depression (SD) is a propagating wave of neuronal activity in the central nervous system and may play a role in triggering classical migraine. The retina serves as a model system for examining the phenomenon of SD and the influence of various drugs on it. After a SD wave passes a new wave can not be elicited in the absolute refractory period of the tissue (about 2min), this is followed by a relative refractory phase of about 20min before complete recovery. The aim of the present study was to describe the effects of Ba2+, a blocker of glial cell K+ channels, octanol, a gap junction blocker and diethylbarbiturate, a GABAA chloride channel-activating drug on the modulation of the refractory period of the retinal SD and to examine the possible mechanisms underlying this modulation. Two properties of SD, which are highly sensitive to any changes in the experimental conditions, are the propagation velocity of the wave and the accompanying slow negative potential shift. We measured the propagation velocity and the field potential amplitude in the chicken retina as a function of the recovery state of the tissue under control conditions and compared them with measurements in the presence of Ba2+, octanol or diethylbarbiturate. Under these conditions the manner of the recovery of the tissue changed significantly. Although after blocking the glial (Müller) cell K+ channels with Ba2+ (200μM), the curve of recovery of the propagation velocity to its maximum value has the same shape as under control conditions, the propagation velocity is reduced in the whole recovery period and in the recovered retina to 84% of the control velocity. The importance of electrical coupling in the refractory phase and in the recovered tissue was examined by adding octanol (1mM) to the perfusion solution. In this case the relative recovery phase was shortened and the field potential amplitude (110% of control) and propagation velocity (112% of control) are increased in the completely recovered retina. With the GABAA-chloride channel-activating drug diethylbarbiturate (800μM) the propagation velocity (112% of control) and the amplitude of the field potential (111% of control) in the complete recovered retina are increased, but this seems to have no influence on the refractory state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005188
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous two-channel water cystometry: Description of an alternative test for evaluating incontinent women (1991)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 2 (1991), S. 212-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Urinary incontinence ; Urodynamic ; Cystometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A continuous two-channel cystometric method (CTCHM) for monitoring bladder function in women suffering from urinary incontinence is described. The purpose of this technique is to provide a cheap minimal evaluation for patients who cannot afford an electronic examination. Through the CTCHM it was possible to diagnose detrusor instability in 11.1% of 108 patients. This method has proved to be useful in a developing country, where an electronic urodynamic evaluation is expensive or often is not available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923388
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the thermoluminescent dosimetry to a pion beam (1979)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 16 (1979), S. 225-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary The thermoluminescent dosimetry is currently applied to radiation therapy in order to measure dose distributions on phantoms or to control the dose in vivo for special procedures or critical organs. The application of this method to the SIN's (Switzerland) pion beam has been studied. Measurements have been made on the following thermoluminescent materials:7LiF,6LiF, Li(nat)F, Li2B4O7, CaF2 : Mn, and CaF2 : Dy. Except for the last one a reduction (10%) of the sensitivity of the phosphors has been observed in the peak relative to the plateau region. An increase of the6LiF sensitivity relative to that of7LiF has been pointed out due to the neutron background through the (n,α) reaction on6Li. Glow curves of the LiF phosphors have been measured. A reduction (5%) of the intensities of peak 3 and 4 relative to peak 5 has been observed for irradiation in the peak region. This effect however can't be used in order to localize the dosimeter in the beam because the intensity of the thermoluminescence peaks shows a larger variability in a batch of dosimeters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01358282
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two practical examples of numerical approaches for solving discontinuity problems in dam design (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 6 (1982), S. 461-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: This paper draws attention to the great influence certain types of discontinuities in foundation rock masses can have on dam design. By means of two practical examples, the role of numerical procedures in the solution of stability and deformation problems posed by foundation heterogeneities is discussed and emphasized. Some basic theoretical considerations regarding the limit-states and the concept of safety to be used in dam design are also presented as a complement to the analyses description.The case of the Ãgua Vermelha dam, recently built in southern Brazil, is the subject of the first example. Here, a major joint in the basaltic foundation was the decisive geological feature for the stability analyses which were performed by means of the finite element method. The second example refers to the Itaipu dam, a record-breaking Brazilian-Paraguayan hydroelectric development. Marked sub-horizontal discontinuities between lava flows, greatly reducing the strength and stiffness of the basaltic rock masses, were of main concern in this case. The results of the foundation studies, with due help of numerical procedures, called for the construction of concrete shear keys, in order to achieve a satisfactory margin of structural safety.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610060407
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...