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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1813-1815 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electrical characteristics of Al Schottky diodes on n-type InxAl1−xAs (0≤x≤0.35) were investigated in detail by current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements. These high-quality InAlAs epilayers were grown on GaAs using step-graded buffers under proper growth conditions. It was found that the Schottky barrier height of the epilayers increases with Al content as opposed to what was predicted previously. The effect of the interfacial oxide layer on the determination of Schottky barrier height is also presented. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 8367-8370 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The residual strain, crystallographic tilt, and surface topography of InxGa1−xAs and InxAl1−xAs (0〈x〈0.3) epilayers grown on GaAs substrates are investigated. The residual strain of the InxAl1−xAs grown on graded InyAl1−yAs is shown to be strongly dependent on the thickness of the underlying-graded buffer layers and is larger than that of the InGaAs of the same structure. The crystallographic tilt of the InGaAs epilayers with respect to GaAs substrate is found to be strongly dependent on the growth temperature as well as the layer structure of the underlying buffer layer, while that of InAlAs is insensitive to these two factors. This behavior is attributed to the different roughness of the growth front between these two material systems and is consistent with the observation by atomic force microscopy. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 5454-5458 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on analysis and comparison of the dark current characteristics between InAs p-n and p-i-n diodes at the temperature range from 30 to 300 K. The situation that the dark current is completely due to the bulk instead of the surface leakage is made sure by passivation treatment. The experimental results agree well with a tunnel diode model in which the p-n and p-i-n diodes are described, respectively, with a linear electrical field and a constant electrical field. The diffusion current in our diodes is dominated by the electron diffusion in the p-type material. Through this model and detailed analysis, we conclude that the tunneling current can be suppressed with an intrinsic layer and a low n-type doping density while the diffusion current can be decreased with a high p-type doping density. The advantage of the p-i-n structure is not only to cut down the tunneling current but also to increase the uniformity. In terms of this model, a new p-i-n diode is designed to dramatically increase its zero-bias resistance area product and improve the detector performance. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 21 (1997), S. 109-114 
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Les radiographies latérales en position neutre de dix fractures thoracolombaires aiguë s comminutives provoquées par un impact a haute vitesse sur trois colonnes vertébrales de cadavres humains ont étéétudiées. Six paramètres géométriques linéaires ont été mesurés sur chaque film. Le rapport entre les valeurs des conditions neutres après l’impact et des conditions avant l’impact a été mis en corrélation avec les paramètres de mouvement (zône neutre, NZ; proportion du mouvement, ROM) obtenus à partir des données post-traumatiques de flexibilité tridimentionelles. L’unite de hauteur antérieure (vertèbre plus disque adjacent) eut la plus haute correlation avec la flexibilité en flexion-extension (NZ, R2 = 0.93; flexion ROM, R 2 = 0.86; extension ROM, R 2 = 0.79), courbure latérale (NZ, R 2 = 0.83; ROM, R 2 = 0.90) et la rotation axiale à droite (NZ, R 2 = 0.53; ROM, R 2 = 0.86). Le rapport de déformation (moyenne de la hateur par rapport à la profondeur) correspond plus avec NZ lors de la rotation axiale à gauche (R2 = 0.91) et lors de la courbure latérale droite (R 2 = 0.92). Vu les fortes correlations obtenues, ces paramètres devraient être évalués en clinique pour évaluer leur éfficacité dans la prédiction de l’instabilité des fractures comminutives. Finalement, des études cliniques prospectives sont nécessaires pour vérifier leur utilité clinique.
    Notes: Summary. Plain lateral radiographs in a neutral position were studied in ten acute thoracolumbar burst fractures produced by high speed impact on three vertebrae human cadaveric spine segments. Six linear geometric parameters were measured on each film. The ratio of each value in the neutral injured to the intact condition was correlated linearly with the motion parameters obtained from post-traumatic three-dimensional flexibility data (neutral zone NZ; range of motion ROM). Anterior unit height (vertebra + adjacent discs) had the highest correlation with the neutral zone and flexibility in all directions, especially flexion- extension (NZ, R 2 = 0.93; flexion ROM, R2 = 0.86; extension ROM, R2 = 0.79) lateral bending (NZ, R2 = 0.83; ROM, R2 = 0.90) and right axial rotation (NZ, R2 = 0.53; ROM, R2 = 0.86). The deformation ratio (average height to depth) correlated most with the neutral zone in left axial rotation (R2 = 0.91) and right lateral bending (R2 = 0.92). Due to the high correlations obtained, these parameters should be evaluated in clinical situations to assess their effectiveness in predicting the instability of burst fractures. Ultimately, prospective clinical studies are required to verify their clinical utility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 37 (1994), S. 1881-1896 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents the first endeavour to exploit a generalized differential quadrature method as an accurate, efficient and simple numerical technique for structural analysis. Firstly, drawbacks existing in the method of differential quadrature (DQ) are evaluated and discussed. Then, an improved and simpler generalized differential quadrature method (GDQ) is introduced to overcome the existing drawback and to simplify the procedure for determining the weighting coefficients. Subsequently, the generalized differential quadrature is systematically employed to solve problems in structural analysis. Numerical examples have shown the superb accuracy, efficiency, convenience and the great potential of this method.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: bonding-strength ; shear-strength ; simulated body fluid ; push-out measurement ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of coating characteristics on the mechanical strengths of the plasma-sprayed HA-coated Ti-6Al-4V implant system both in vitro and in vivo. Two types of HA coatings (HACs) with quite different microstructures, concentrations of impurity-phases, and indices-of-crystallinity were used. In vitro testings were done by measuring the bonding-strength at the Ti-6Al-4V-HAC interface, with HACs that had and had not been immersed in a pH-buffered, serum-added simulated body fluid (SBF). The shear-strength at the HAC-bone interface was investigated in a canine transcortical femoral model after 12 and 24 weeks of implantation. The results showed a bonding degradation of approximately 32% or higher of the original strength after 4 weeks of immersion in SBF, and this predominantly depended on the constructed microstructure of the HACs. After the push-out measurements, it was demonstrated that the HACs with higher bonding-strength in vitro would correspondingly result in significantly higher shear-strength at each implant period in vivo. Nevertheless, there were no substantial histological variations between the two types of HACs evaluated. The most important point elucidated in this study was that, among coating characteristics, the microstructure was the key factor in influencing the mechanical stability of the HACs both in vitro and in vivo. As a consequence, a denser HAC was needed to ensure mechanical stability at both interfaces. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 37, 335-345, 1997.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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