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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathobiology of oral spirochetes in periodontal disease (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 17 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1982.tb02023.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoelectron microscopic studies of Actinomyces viscosus (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 17 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Optimal conditions for labelling Actinomyces viscosus (T14V) in thin sections by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique are described. The influence of several fixatives on the degree of labelling of bacterial cells was tested in pure cultures and in dental plaques. Some pure cultures were also processed without prior fixation. The effect of different incubation conditions on the degree of labelling was evaluated in pure cultures. The optimal labelling conditions included fixation with paraformaldehyde (4%) plus glutaraldehyde (0.25%), incubation with highly diluted rabbit anti-T14V γglobulin for 24 hours at 4°C, followed by incubation with diluted sheep anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, and subsequent histochemical visualization of the peroxidase. Optimal labelling conditions were used to check for cross-reactions between the anti-T14V γ-globulin and some common oral bacteria. The well-known cross-reaction with Actinomyces naeslundii was noted, as well as a slight cross-reaction with Bacterionema matruchotii.Optimal conditions were used for labelling sections of dental plaques. Wide variations were observed in the number of labelled cells. Cells labelled with anti-T14V γ-globulin were unlabelled when consecutive sections of these cells were treated with control normal rabbit serum γ-globulin or anti-Streptococcus mutansγglobulin. Cells labelled with anti T14V γglobulin tended to be cocco-bacillary in shape in the superficial layers of plaque. The deeper layers exhibited more filamentous forms. These observations are compatible with the known pleomorphism of A. viscosus in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1982.tb01128.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular collagen fibrils in the periodontal ligament of the mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig and rabbit (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 8 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The periodontal ligaments of the mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig and rabbit were examined by electron microscopy. The study revealed the constant and frequent occurrence of intracytoplasmic collagen fibrils with the typical banding of native collagen. These fibrils appeared singly or in bundles within cells with cytological features of fibroblasts. Some fibrils were aggregated laterally into fibers measuring up to 0.2 μm. Most fibrils were surrounded by a limiting membrane. The fibrils are believed to represent ingested collagen in a connective tissue with a high turnover rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1973.tb00767.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of systemic antimicrobial therapy on plaque and gingivitis in dogs (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 14 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Six dogs with varying degrees of gingivitis wer divided into 3 groups of 2 dogs each. One pair of dogs received tetracycline HCI 250 mg, 2 times/day, for 4 weeks. The controls reveived no medication during the experimental period of 4 weeks. The results showed a decrease in the proportions of coccoid cells and straight rods in the periodontal flora with increasing gingival inflammation, while the proportions of spirochetes and motile bacteria were markedly reduced. Metronidazole appeared to be somewhat more effective in eliminating spirochetes than tetracycline. Treatment with the antimicropbial drugs tended to derease the size of th infiltrated connective tissue as well as the proportion of junctional epithelium occupied by inflammatory cells, but did not succeed in eliminating the inflammatory reaction entirely. At the initial examination around 60% of the leukocyte volume in junctional epthelium consisted of neutrophilic granulocytes. At the final examination less than 30 % of the leukocyte volume consisted of neutrophis. It was not clear from the results if the improvement in the clinical and histological parameters was due to the specific suppression of ertain organisms or to an overall. non-specific reduction in volume of the periodontal flora.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1979.tb00219.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dentogingival epithelial surface area revisited (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 36 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recent studies implicating periodontitis as a cause of systemic diseases have reported that the surface area of periodontal pockets exposed to bacterial biofilm ranges from 50 cm2 to 200 cm2. Since the root surface area of the typical human dentition (excluding 3rd molars) is 75 cm2, these estimates appear too large. The goal of this study was to relate linear periodontal probing measurements to the dentogingival surface area (DGES). The DGES comprises both the sulcular and junctional epithelium, present in health, as well as any intervening pocket epithelium present in periodontitis. Formulas to estimate the DGES from clinical measures were derived from a meta-analysis of root surface areas, published values of root length, and a study that related the percent remaining root surface area to the percent remaining root length. These formulas were applied to a survey of the adult US population, the Veterans Affairs (VA) Dental Longitudinal Study, and a population of individuals visiting a periodontist. Individuals without periodontitis had a typical DGES of 5 cm2. Among individuals with periodontitis, the mean DGES in the three samples ranged from 8 cm2(ranging from 1 cm2 to 29 cm2) to 20 cm2(ranging from 2 cm2 to 44 cm2). It was concluded that the mean DGES among individuals with periodontitis ranges from 8 cm2 to 20 cm2, considerably smaller than the range of 50 cm2 to 200 cm2 currently assumed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.00011.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recommended revisions to American Dental Association guidelines for acceptance of chemotherapeutic products for gingivitis control (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 29 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This paper presents suggested revisions to the American Dental Association's 1985 guidelines for acceptance of anti-gingivitis chemotherapeutic agents. The areas of study design, choice and quality control of clinical gingivitis measurements, statistical analysis, and minimum strength of effect, are addressed. The revisions articulate certain aspects of study design which were implicit in the 1985 guidelines, clarify language on cross-over designs and independence of studies, and recommend use of a United States population in at least one trial supporting a product. Separate recording and analysis of a product's effect on gingival bleeding is proposed, and quality control of clinical measurements receives enhanced emphasis. Modestly elaborated statistical reporting guidelines and strengthened approval criteria, based on size of estimated effect as well as statistical significance, are advocated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1994.tb01225.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental gingivitis in the monkey (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 8 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rhesus monkeys receiving an oral hygiene program which included brushing, interdental cleansing and topical applications of chlorhexidine gluconate demonstrated a clinically normal gingiva for periods of up to 3 months. Wide fluctuations within individual dental units were noted with respect to histological sulcus depth, degree of connective tissue infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells, and total leukocyte or polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) counts in the Junctional epithelium, even when the plaque and gingivitis index scores were 0. Of 18 clinically normal dental units sampled, only 6 appeared free of connective tissue inflammation. However, more than half of the tissue blocks obtained from dental units with a gingivitis and plaque index of 0 also showed scores of 0 with respect to the connective tissue inflammation (CTI) score and the number of PMNs in the Junctional epithelium. Within three days following discontinuation of oral hygiene procedures, rhesus monkeys developed a clinically noticeable gingivitis which began in the interdental papillae. Increases in CTI scores and number of leukocytes in the Junctional epithelium were evident after 2 days without oral hygiene. These values tended to increase further during the experimental period. A slight, but significant increase in sulcus depth was also noted during this time period. Regardless of the clinical state of the gingiva, a positive correlation was established between CTI scores and the number of PMNs and leukocytes in the Junctional epithelium. In early gingivitis, the plasma cells did not appear to outnumber lymphocytes, as has been reported for chronic gingivitis of longer duration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1973.tb00759.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wolinella recfa in adult gingivitis and periodontitis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 27 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Wolinella recta has been associated with adult periodontitis, but its role in the disease remains uncertain. This report clarifies the distribution of W. recta in periodontally healthy and diseased subjects, and treated patients with recurrent disease. A specific polyclonal rabbit antiserum against W. recta strain 372 was used for indirect immunofluorescence localization of W. recta in dental plaque from untreated and treated patients. Supragingival plaque was collected from 15 periodontally healthy individuals (H), 10 adults with mild gingivitis (G1), 8 with severe gingivitis (G2) and 15 with periodontitis (AP). Subgingival samples from 23 diseased sites (G2 and AP) were examined as well. There was a significant difference (p = 0.000) between the proportions of W. recta in subgingival (4.4%) vs. supragingival (0.3%) plaque samples from AP. A significant difference (p = 0.000) in W. recta proportions was also detected between subgingival plaque samples of AP (4.4%) vs. G2 (1.2%). No significant difference in the mean % of W. recta was found between supragingival plaque of AP (0.3%) and G2 (0%), and samples of G1 (0.01%) and H (0.1%). In a separate study, 85 adults previously treated for moderate to severe adult periodontitis were monitored over a 12-month period for evidence of disease recurrence. Recurrent disease was detected at 32 sites in 18 subjects. Of these, 20 sites in 13 subjects were positive for W. recta. With subjects as the experimental unit, a significant increase in the proportions of W. recta was found at sites with recurrent disease (3.12%) as compared to stable, paired control sites (0.24%), but only when sites with breakdown and positive for W. recta were compared with their controls. These results indicate that W. recta is associated with some, but not all sites with advanced adult periodonlilis. The association of W. recta with gingivitis was not statistically significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb02079.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopic evidence of a cellular attachment between junctional epithelium and dental calculus (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 8 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Following scaling, the gingiva of rhesus monkeys was maintained in a state of clinical normalcy by single daily intra-oral swabs with 2 % chlorhexidine gluconate, supplemented by toothbrushing and interdental cleansing with toothpicks three times per week. Chance findings in 2 animals, one maintained for 3 months on this regimen, the other for only 3 weeks followed by a period of 12 days without oral hygiene, revealed that under these circumstances, the junctional epithelium is able to form an attachment to a calculus mass which contained morphologically recognizable bacterial cells. Electron microscopy revealed that this attachment was mediated through a dental cuticle, a basement lamina and hemidesmosomes. The ultrastructure of the epithelial attachment to calculus was indistinguishable from that which exists between junctional epithelium and various tooth surfaces. These results may be due to the inhibiting effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on plaque formation and possibly a concomitant lowering of the toxicity of calculus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1973.tb01752.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodontal tissues and their counterparts around endosseous implants (1991)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Clinical oral implants research 2 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0501
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: New technology coupled with a better understanding of tissue biology has played a key role in restoring the somewhat tarnished image of implant dentistry. Thanks to carefully conducted longitudinal studies, it has now become clear that the replacement of missing teeth by artificial implants integrated into the living tissues of the jaws is a predictable procedure, as long as certain guidelines are followed in the manufacture of the implant, in its placement, in its eventual functional loading, and in its maintenance (Adell et al. 1981, Aibrektsson 1988, Albrektsson et al. 1988, Babbush et al. 1986, Kirsch & Mentag 1986, Smithloff 1986,Smithloff & Fritz 1987). Yet, functional success for a natural tooth is dependent on a number of anatomic, physiologic, and environmental considerations which differ in some important respects from those that insure the functional success of an implant. In this paper, we review theanatomic features of the natural dentition with emphasis on the periodontal tissues, and contrast these characteristics with those that exist 1 around well-integrated endosseous implants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1991.020101.x
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