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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 1579-1587 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report calculations of the phase diagram and spinodal decomposition line of a charged hard-sphere fluid mixture constituted of two different cations, one anion and one neutral particle species. In the high-density regime the model is suitable to mimic molten silicate and metal halides mixtures, as those forming a magmatic fluid; in the low-density regime it can conveniently describe the properties of charged colloidal suspensions or micellar solutions. In this work the attention is focused mainly on the high-density regime of the mixture, and phase stability conditions are determined through the knowledge of the Gibbs free energy of mixing, Gmix at constant pressure, as calculated in the mean spherical approximation. It turns out that the solubility of the neutral component in the ionic mixture depends substantially on the potential-to-kinetic-energy ratio, that is, on the so-called coupling strength or plasma parameter, and increases when this decreases. This result is rationalized by considering the different terms contributing to Gmix and, specifically, the confi-gurational Coulombic internal energy term and entropic term. The fine balance between these two quantities is detailed and the onset of phase segregation discussed on these same bases. Such a representation also allows us to interpret why mixtures like those envisaged here are characterized by a phase diagram with an upper consolution point and why the critical temperature turns out to be an increasing function of the pressure. The implications of this last result seem interesting since, e.g., molten salt-silicate mixtures and, therefore, presumably fused rocks or magmas, could segregate not only under cooling, but also at constant temperature as the result of pressure variations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 863-866 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Ultra small angle neutron scattering (USANS) instruments have recently covered the gap between the size resolution available with conventional intermediate angle neutron scattering and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) instruments on one side and optical microscopy on the other side. New fields of investigations are now open and important areas of material science (ceramics, glass fibers, natural materials) and fundamental physics (phase transition, phase separation and critical phenomena) can be studied in bulk samples with an accuracy previously unobtainable owing to a combination of favourable features of the neutron-matter interaction: high penetrability of neutrons, even cold neutrons, ability to easily manipulate local scattering amplitudes by means of isotopic substitution methods, small absorption for most nuclei and hardly any radiation damage. In particular, neutrons see rocks as two-phase systems, and therefore the data analysis is enormously simplified. Rocks showing fractal behavior in over two decades of momentum transfer and seven orders of magnitude of intensity are examined and fractal parameters are extracted from the combined USANS, SANS and intermediate angle neutron scattering curves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 39 (1985), S. 134-140 
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Bien que généralement on croie que les amygdales de carbonate dans les volcanites sont d'origine diagénétique, les auteurs croient que la plupart des inclusions de carbonate dans les roches volcaniques amygdalaires examinées en Sicile (Italie), Pindos (Grèce), Bohéme (Tehecoslovaquie), ont une différente origine. D'après une étude minéralogique, pétrologique et géochimique on peut considérer ces amygdales comme des restes d'incorporation magmatique de carbonate. Partant l'identification de globules de carbonate dans les roches volcaniques, d'après les observations conduites en campagne est inadéquat à distinguer les amygdales véritables d'avec les rests d'assimilation de carbonate. On propose une nomenclature de différents types d'inclusions. Les données isotopiques suggèrent que l'incorporation de matérial carbonné par le magma aurait lieu sans aucun rémarquable fractionnement isotopique du carbonate. Cette étude suggère qu'une quantité limitée de carbonate pourrait se dissoudre dans un magma basaltique-alcaline. L'ultérieure adjonction de quantités modérées de carbonate dégage une immiscibilité liquide dans le magma. Nos conclusions, d'accord avec les évidences expérimentelles (Wyllie, 1974), sont contraires à l'hypothèse de la syntexie du calcaire pour la génération de magmas feldspathoidiques par magmas subalcalins. On suggère même un modèle possible d'interaction entre le magma et le carbonate.
    Notes: Summary Even though carbonate amygdules in volcanics are generally assumed to be diagenetic in origin, the authors are of the opinion that almost all carbonate inclusions in the investigated amygdaloidal volcanic rocks from Sicily (Italy), Pindos (Greece) and Bohemia (Czechoslovakia), have a different origin. On the basis of a mineralogical, petrological and geochemical study these “amygdules” are interpreted as being remains ofmagmatic incorporation of carbonate. Therefore, the identification of carbonate globules in volcanics purely on field observations, is inadequate to distinguish true amygdules from carbonate assimilation remnants. A nomenclature of the various types of inclusions is proposed. The isotopic data suggest that the incorporation of carbonatic material by magma could have taken place without any significant modification of the isotopic composition of the carbonate. This study suggests that limited amounts of carbonate could be dissolved in alkali basalt magma; the further addition of moderate amounts of carbonate develops liquid immiscibility. Our inclusions, in agreement with the experimental evidence (Wyllie, 1974), are contrary to the limestone syntexis hypothesis for the generation of feldspathoidal magmas from subalkaline magmas. A possible model of interaction between magma and carbonate is also suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 23 (1976), S. 51-63 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Aufgrund des mineralogischen, petrologischen und chemischen Studiums eines Komplexes von “Grünsteinen”, die einer Phyllitformation der westlichen Peloritani-Berge eingeschaltet ist, können zwei Hauptgesteinstypen unterschieden werden: amphibolischchloritischer Metabasit (mit Spuren einer alten Generation von Glaukophan) und Albitmetabasit. Die zwei Gesteinstypen haben beträchtlich verschiedene Zusammensetzungen; das ist die Folge einer Natron-Metasomatose. Die Untersuchung zeigt, daß der Komplex von Grünsteinen ein Metaspilit ist.
    Notes: Summary On the basis of a mineralogical, petrological and chemical study of a “greenstone” complex intercalated in a phyllitic formation in the Western Peloritani Mountains, two main rock types can be distinguished: amphibole-chlorite metabasite (with traces of an old generation of glaucophane), and albite metabasite. The two rock types show considerable differences in composition, a consequence of sodium metasomatism. The study indicates that the greenstone complex is a metaspilite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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